如何使用 Python 的 CSV DictReader 解析 CSV 输出？答案

【问题标题】：How to use Python's CSV DictReader to parse a CSV output?如何使用 Python 的 CSV DictReader 解析 CSV 输出？
【发布时间】：2015-11-03 11:12:12
【问题描述】：

我已经集成了 Salesforce 的 Bulk API，用于在我的 Python 项目中获取记录。使用 'Content-Type': 'text/csv; charset=UTF-8' 标头，它返回 CSV 输出。

"Id","Name","CreatedById","Salary","Base_Salary","Type","Pay_cycle","Description","Code"
"a0u90000003R4Y9AAK","Freelance Hadoop developer","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""
"a0u90000003R5UPAA0","Senior Hadoop developer","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""
"a0u90000003R5V3AAK","Freelance Webmaster","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""
"a0u90000004ZMUwAAO","Full-Stack Web Developer - PHP and Python","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""

现在，不将其存储在 CSV 文件中，我想将这些记录放在我的 Db 中。

DictReader 是一个非常好的和直接的获取字段值的解决方案，但我猜它只适用于 (CSV) 文件。

import csv
with open('output.csv') as csvfile:
    reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile)
    for row in reader:
        print(row['Id'], row['Name'])

我正在尝试一些东西，但我不喜欢它。见

objects = []
for line in iter(csv_data.splitlines()):
    # Split by separator
    data = line.split(",")
    # Remove double quotes around the field value
    objects.append([i[1:-1] for i in data])

这样做最优雅的方式是什么？

【问题讨论】：

标签： python csv

【解决方案1】：

您可以将 csv 字符串包装到 io.StringIO 对象中。这将与csv 模块完美配合：

data_str = '''"Id","Name","CreatedById","Salary","Base_Salary","Type","Pay_cycle","Description","Code"
"a0u90000003R4Y9AAK","Freelance Hadoop developer","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""
"a0u90000003R5UPAA0","Senior Hadoop developer","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""
"a0u90000003R5V3AAK","Freelance Webmaster","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""
"a0u90000004ZMUwAAO","Full-Stack Web Developer - PHP and Python","005900000039GMdAAM","","","","","",""'''

# in python 2 you need to decode the string before passing it to StringIO
data_io = io.StringIO(data_str.decode('utf-8'))
## this is not needed in python 3
# data_io = io.StringIO(data_str)

reader = csv.DictReader(data_io)
for row in reader:
    print row['Id'], row['Name']

【讨论】：

这很棒。但是我在data = io.StringIO(csv_output) 中遇到了一个异常TypeError: initial_value must be unicode or None, not str
哦，你在 python 2.7 上，对吧？或者你的python版本是什么？
那么你需要解码附加.decode('utf-8')的字符串，然后再将它传递给io.StringIO。
是的。我在这里也看到了stackoverflow.com/questions/22316333/…
现在完美运行！谢谢！赞成并接受您的回答。你应该把.decode('utf-8')的东西放在你的里面。