即使文件相等，filecmp 也会返回 False

Question

我试图用filecmp 比较两个文件，问题是结果总是"No, the files are NOT the same" 这意味着False 即使文件相同。

我正在向两个不同的文件写入相同的内容。首先我写文件revision_1.txt:

original_stdout = sys.stdout
with open('revision_1.txt', 'w') as rev1:
       sys.stdout = rev1
       print(revision)  # revision is output from command i took before
sys.stdout = original_stdout

if filecmp.cmp('revision_1.txt', 'revision_2.txt'):
    # revision_2.txt is file I c
    print("Both the files are same")
else:
    # Do whatever you want if the files are NOT the same
    print("No, the files are NOT the same")

original_stdout = sys.stdout
with open('revision_2.txt', 'w') as rev2:
       sys.stdout = rev2
       print(revision)  # revision is output from command i took before
sys.stdout = original_stdout

我的目标是如果文件相等 - 停止脚本。如果不是，它将重写revision_2.txt，然后发送邮件，（我已经写了邮件的代码）。

Answer 1

您对文件的使用不寻常：

import filecmp

revision = "08/15"

with open('revision_1.txt', 'w') as rev1:
      rev1.write(revision)

with open('revision_2.txt', 'w') as rev2:
      rev2.write(revision)

with open('revision_3.txt', 'w') as rev3:
      rev3.write(revision + "-42")

# should compare equal
if filecmp.cmp('revision_1.txt', 'revision_2.txt'):
    print("Identical")
else:
    print("No, the files are NOT the same")

# should NOT compare equal
if filecmp.cmp('revision_1.txt', 'revision_3.txt'):
    print("Identical")
else:
    print("No, the files are NOT the same")

打印

Identical
No, the files are NOT the same

Answer 2

尝试将 shallow 设置为 false（默认为 True），即

if filecmp.cmp('revision_1.txt', 'revision_2.txt', shallow=False):

来自文档： 如果 shallow 为真，则具有相同 os.stat() 签名的文件被视为相等。否则，将比较文件的内容。

https://docs.python.org/3/library/filecmp.html#filecmp.cmp

Answer 3

谢谢大家的回复 正如我所说，我对 Python 很陌生 根据你的建议我改了代码，这次我要发完整的脚本解释一下

我成功比较了 'revision' 和 'd' 我的问题是我得到了不同的 rpc-reply message-id，

怎么能忽略message-id（我只需要Revision值）？

查看脚本输出： 不相等 修订：fpc1-1603878922-228

FFFFFFF 修订：fpc1-1603878922-228

FFFFFFF

脚本：

import smtplib
import email.message
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from ncclient import manager
from ncclient.xml_ import *
import sys
import time
import filecmp

# Connecting to juniper cc-vc-leg
conn = manager.connect(
        host='10.1.1.1',
        port='830',
        username='test',
        password='test',
        timeout=10,
        device_params={'name':'junos'},
        hostkey_verify=False)

# Take juniper commands
resault = conn.command('show version | match Hostname', format='text')
revision = conn.command('show system commit revision', format='text')
compare_config = conn.compare_configuration(rollback=1)

# Open & read file vc-lg_rev.text
f = open('vc-lg_rev.text', 'r')
d = f.read()

# Check if revision output is equal to file "vc-lg_rev.text"
# If equal exit the script
if  (revision == d):
       print('equal')
       exit()
       print('I hop script stopped')
else:
       print('Not equal')
       print(revision)
       print('FFFFFFF')
       print(d)
       print('FFFFFFF')

# To save last revision number to "vc-lg_rev.text"
with open('vc-lg_rev.text', 'w', buffering=1) as rev1:
        rev1.write(str(revision))
        rev1.flush()
rev1.close()


# This is how i copy "compare_config" output to file "vc-lg_compare.text"
original_stdout = sys.stdout
with open('vc-lg_compare.text', 'w') as a:
        sys.stdout = a
        print(compare_config)
sys.stdout = original_stdout

def send_email(compare):
    server = smtplib.SMTP('techunix.technion.ac.il', 25)
    email_reciver = 'rafish@technion.ac.il', 'rafi1shemesh@gmail.com'
    message = f"'Subject': mail_subject \n\n {compare}"
    ID = 'Juniper_Compare'
    server.sendmail(ID, email_reciver, message)

with open('vc-lg_compare.text', 'r') as compare:   # "as" means file object called compare
        text = str(compare.read())                 # I want to recive the output as string to look specific word in the file
        if (text.find('+') > -1) or (text.find('- ') > -1):
                send_email(text)