Bash 文本解析

Question

我对参数替换感到困惑。基本上要解析的文件结构如下：

foo.txt:
    system.switch_cpus.commit.op_class_0::total     10000000                       # Class of committed instruction
    system.switch_cpus.commit.bw_lim_events      10000000                       # number cycles where commit BW limit reached
    system.switch_cpus.rob.rob_reads             80558432                       # The number of ROB reads
    system.switch_cpus.rob.rob_writes            43430539                       # The number of ROB writes
    system.switch_cpus.timesIdled                   37218                       # Number of times that the entire CPU went into an idle state and unscheduled itself
    system.switch_cpus.idleCycles                 2755508                       # Total number of cycles that the CPU has spent unscheduled due to idling
    system.switch_cpus.committedInsts            10000000                       # Number of Instructions Simulated
    system.switch_cpus.committedOps              10000000                       # Number of Ops (including micro ops) Simulated
    system.switch_cpus.cpi                       8.369191                       # CPI: Cycles Per Instruction
    system.switch_cpus.cpi_total                 8.369191                       # CPI: Total CPI of All Threads
    system.switch_cpus.ipc                       0.119486                       # IPC: Instructions Per Cycle
    system.switch_cpus.ipc_total                 0.119486                       # IPC: Total IPC of All Threads
    system.switch_cpus.int_regfile_reads         21773538                       # number of integer regfile reads
    system.switch_cpus.int_regfile_writes         9447282                       # number of integer regfile writes

我想找到以下变量并打印出对应的值：

    list=(IPC CPI)
IPC="system.switch_cpus.ipc"
CPI="system.switch_cpus.cpi"

for i in $list:
do 
awk -v a="$i" '{$1 == $a} {print}' $1
done

然后我使用以下命令运行脚本：

./parser.sh foo.txt

这是打印整个文件。

Output:
system.switch_cpus.commit.op_class_0::total     10000000                       # Class of committed instruction
system.switch_cpus.commit.bw_lim_events      10000000                       # number cycles where commit BW limit reached
system.switch_cpus.rob.rob_reads             80558432                       # The number of ROB reads
system.switch_cpus.rob.rob_writes            43430539                       # The number of ROB writes
system.switch_cpus.timesIdled                   37218                       # Number of times that the entire CPU went into an idle state and unscheduled itself
system.switch_cpus.idleCycles                 2755508                       # Total number of cycles that the CPU has spent unscheduled due to idling
system.switch_cpus.committedInsts            10000000                       # Number of Instructions Simulated
system.switch_cpus.committedOps              10000000                       # Number of Ops (including micro ops) Simulated
system.switch_cpus.cpi                       8.369191                       # CPI: Cycles Per Instruction
system.switch_cpus.cpi_total                 8.369191                       # CPI: Total CPI of All Threads
system.switch_cpus.ipc                       0.119486                       # IPC: Instructions Per Cycle
system.switch_cpus.ipc_total                 0.119486                       # IPC: Total IPC of All Threads
system.switch_cpus.int_regfile_reads         21773538                       # number of integer regfile reads
system.switch_cpus.int_regfile_writes         9447282                       # number of integer regfile writes

如何在 shell 中创建具有自己值的变量列表，并使用 awk 或 sed 从文件中解析每个变量？

Answer 1

您可以在一个 awk 脚本中完成所有操作，如果您的列表不在文件中，您可以使用此处的文档和文件替换，如下所示。

$ awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1]; next} $1 in a' <(cat << EOF
system.switch_cpus.ipc
system.switch_cpus.cpi
EOF
) file

会给你

system.switch_cpus.cpi                       8.369191                       # CPI: Cycles Per Instruction
system.switch_cpus.ipc                       0.119486                       # IPC: Instructions Per Cycle

如果你想用一个变量一次搜索一个

$ var='system.switch_cpus.ipc'; awk -v var="$var" '$1==var' file

system.switch_cpus.ipc                       0.119486                       # IPC: Instructions Per Cycle

但是，在这种情况下，使用 grep 可能会更好

$ var='system.switch_cpus.ipc'; grep -wF "$var" file

system.switch_cpus.ipc                       0.119486                       # IPC: Instructions Per Cycle

更新

如果你的变量名在一个列表中，你可以用这个解码值

$ vars=(var1 var2)        # define the list with variables, values even may not be assigned yet
$ var1=value1; var2=value2                   # assign values
$ for v in ${vars[@]}; do echo ${!v}; done   # extract values with indirect reference
value1
value2

Answer 2

此代码将打印整条记录

awk -v a="$i" '{ if($1 == a){print $0} }' $1

您的代码的一个问题是变量 a 在 awk 中不能在 $ 前面。