在输出字段周围添加双引号答案

【问题标题】：Add Double Quotes Around Output Field在输出字段周围添加双引号
【发布时间】：2018-02-05 11:20:39
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试用双引号将awk 输出字段括起来，但是一直遇到错误。此代码在 Ubuntu 系统上的 bash 脚本中运行

错误

awk: cmd. line:1: BEGIN {print "<table id="\"alert\"",">"} ; {  print "<tr><td class="\"site\"",">" $1 "</td><td class="\"fdate\"",">" $2 "</td><td class="\"prcp\"",">" $3 "</td><td class="\"snow\"",">" $4 "</td><td class="\"tmp2m\"",">" $5 "</td><td class="\"dpt2m\"",">" $6 "</td><td class="\"wchill\"",">" $7 "</td><td class="\"wind10m\"",">" $8 "</td></tr>"} ; END { print "</table>"}
awk: cmd. line:1:                          ^ backslash not last character on line
awk: cmd. line:1: BEGIN {print "<table id="\"alert\"",">"} ; {  print "<tr><td class="\"site\"",">" $1 "</td><td class="\"fdate\"",">" $2 "</td><td class="\"prcp\"",">" $3 "</td><td class="\"snow\"",">" $4 "</td><td class="\"tmp2m\"",">" $5 "</td><td class="\"dpt2m\"",">" $6 "</td><td class="\"wchill\"",">" $7 "</td><td class="\"wind10m\"",">" $8 "</td></tr>"} ; END { print "</table>"}
awk: cmd. line:1:                          ^ syntax error

尝试的代码

awk -F, 'BEGIN {print "<table id="\"alert\"",">"} ; {  print "<tr><td class="\"site\"",">" $1 "</td><td class="\"fdate\"",">" $2 "</td><td class="\"prcp\"",">" $3 "</td><td class="\"snow\"",">" $4 "</td><td class="\"tmp2m\"",">" $5 "</td><td class="\"dpt2m\"",">" $6 "</td><td class="\"wchill\"",">" $7 "</td><td class="\"wind10m\"",">" $8 "</td></tr>"} ; END { print "</table>"}' /home/weather/csv > /home/weather/csv.html

【问题讨论】：

建议添加示例输入/输出以便清晰和测试...另外，您可以使用 html 解析器/模块...

标签： linux awk

【解决方案1】：

您的引号太多，您可能不想用逗号分隔要打印的各个项目：

$ awk -F, 'BEGIN {print "<table id=\"alert\"" ">"}'
<table id="alert">

有时将双引号设置为变量有助于提高可读性：

$ awk -F, -v q='"' 'BEGIN {print "<table id=" q "alert" q ">"}'
<table id="alert">

【讨论】：

这太好了，谢谢！我正在使用此代码将 CSV 文件转换为 HTML 代码，因此，我需要打印八个变量中的每一个
是的，我明白了。遵循这种模式应该可以让您到达那里，但如果您仍然有完整的 awk 错误，请返回另一条评论。
最终代码：awk -F, 'BEGIN {print "<table id=\"alert\"" ">"} ; {print "<tr><td class=\"site\"" ">" $1 "</td><td class=\"fdate\"" ">" $2 "</td><td class=\"prcp\"" ">" $3 "</td><td class=\"snow\"" ">" $4 "</td><td class=\"tmp2m\"" ">" $5 "</td><td class=\"dpt2m\"" ">" $6 "</td><td class=\"wchill\"" ">" $7 "</td><td class=\"wind10m\"" ">" $8 "</td></tr>"} ; END { print "</table>"}' /home/weather/csv > /home/weather/csv.html
@ampry 花点时间想想你在做什么，因为你似乎只是在问题上引用尽可能多的引号。例如，当您需要"</td><td class=\"site\">" 时，您拥有"</td><td class=\"site\"" ">"，而实际上您应该只使用printf "<td class=\"site\">%s</td>", $1 之类的printfs 而不是print "<tr><td class=\"site\"" ">" $1 "</td>"，而且还有更简单的方法来完成这项工作。

【解决方案2】：

以下是你真正应该如何处理这个问题（未经测试）：

awk -F, '
BEGIN {
    split("site,fdate,prcp,snow,tmp2m,dpt2m,wchill,wind10m",tags)
    print "<table id=\"alert\">"
}
{
    printf "<tr>"
    for (i=1; i in tags; i++) {
        printf "<td class=\"%s\">%s</td>", tags[i], $i
    }
    print "</tr>"
}
END { print "</table>"}
' /home/weather/csv

【讨论】：