将字符串的所有实例提取到连接结果中

Question

使用 SQL Server 2014，我想在字段中搜索并返回找到的字符串的所有实例以及以下单词。例如，列中的文本可能是：

"exec sproc1 然后在此处添加一些文本，然后可能执行 sproc2 exec storedproc3 和可能 exec sproc1"

我想优雅地返回“sproc1, sproc2, storedproc3, sproc1”，因为每个都是 exec 或 execute 之后的单词（由空格分隔）。正如您在示例中看到的那样，前导词可能会有所不同，存储过程名称的长度也可能会有所不同。我已经能够返回 exec/execute 的第一次使用；我的问题是有时有多个（见下文）。

REPLACE(REPLACE(CASE
        WHEN [sJSTP].[subsystem]='TSQL' AND CHARINDEX('EXECUTE',[sJSTP].[command],1)>0
            THEN SUBSTRING([sJSTP].[command],CHARINDEX('EXECUTE',[sJSTP].[command],1)+8,
                IIF(
                CHARINDEX(' ',[sJSTP].[command],CHARINDEX('EXECUTE',[sJSTP].[command],1)+8)>0,
                CHARINDEX(' ',[sJSTP].[command],CHARINDEX('EXECUTE',[sJSTP].[command],1)+8)-CHARINDEX('EXECUTE',[sJSTP].[command],1)-8,
                LEN([sJSTP].[command])))
        WHEN [sJSTP].[subsystem]='TSQL' AND CHARINDEX('EXEC',[sJSTP].[command],1)>0 AND CHARINDEX('DCEXEC',[sJSTP].[command],1)<=0
            THEN SUBSTRING([sJSTP].[command],CHARINDEX('EXEC',[sJSTP].[command],1)+5,
                IIF(
                CHARINDEX(' ',[sJSTP].[command],CHARINDEX('EXEC',[sJSTP].[command],1)+5)>0,
                CHARINDEX(' ',[sJSTP].[command],CHARINDEX('EXEC',[sJSTP].[command],1)+5)-CHARINDEX('EXEC',[sJSTP].[command],1)-5,
                LEN([sJSTP].[command])))
    END,'[',''),']','') AS sprocname

它的最终用途是从 msdb..sysjobsteps 表中解析作业命令，以查看正在使用的存储过程。

编辑：添加示例数据

示例 1： exec Quarterly_run 1, 'BW' exec Quarterly_run_2 1, 'QR' 执行季度运行 2，“增值服务” 执行季度运行 1，'WR' 执行季度运行 3，“RW” exec Quarterly_run_2 1, 'ASF' exec Quarterly_run_3 1, '全部'

示例 2： 声明@rundate datetime, @rptqtr datetime, @qtr int

设置@rundate = getdate() 设置@rptqtr = '06/30/2016'

设置@qtr = (选择日期差异(季度,@rptqtr,@rundate))

执行季度提取@qtr

示例 3： 执行 Daily_Sync_Process 执行 Daily_Process

Answer 1

只是另一个内联选项，不限于 8K

示例

Declare @YourTable table (ID int,SomeCol varchar(max))
Insert into @YourTable values
 (1,'exec quarterly_run 1, ''BW'' exec quarterly_run_2 1, ''QR '' exec quarterly_run 2, ''VAS'' exec quarterly_run 1, ''WR'' exec quarterly_run 3, ''RW'' exec quarterly_run_2 1, ''ASF'' exec quarterly_run_3 1, ''ALL''')
,(2,'declare @rundate datetime, @rptqtr datetime, @qtr int

set @rundate = getdate() set @rptqtr = ''06/30/2016''

set @qtr = (select datediff(quarter,@rptqtr,@rundate))

exec quarterly_extract @qtr
')
,(3,'exec Daily_Sync_Process exec Daily_Process')

;with cte as (
Select A.ID
      ,C.*
 From  @YourTable A
 Cross Apply (values (replace(replace(SomeCol,char(13),' '),char(10),' '))) B(CleanString)
 Cross Apply (
                Select RetSeq,RetVal = case when Lag(RetVal,1) over (Order by RetSeq) in ('Exec','Execute') then RetVal else null end
                From (
                        Select RetSeq = Row_Number() over (Order By (Select null))
                              ,RetVal = LTrim(RTrim(B.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'varchar(max)')))
                        From  (Select x = Cast('<x>' + replace((Select replace(CleanString,' ','§§Split§§') as [*] For XML Path('')),'§§Split§§','</x><x>')+'</x>' as xml).query('.')) as A 
                        Cross Apply x.nodes('x') AS B(i)
                     ) C1
             ) C
)
Select A.ID
      ,NewString = Stuff((Select ', ' +RetVal From cte Where ID=A.ID Order By RetSeq For XML Path ('')),1,2,'') 
 From cte A
 Group By A.ID

退货

ID  NewString
1   quarterly_run, quarterly_run_2, quarterly_run, quarterly_run, quarterly_run, quarterly_run_2, quarterly_run_3
2   quarterly_extract
3   Daily_Sync_Process, Daily_Process

Answer 2

因此，如果您想获得紧随 exec 之后的内容，那么我会在空间上进行拆分，然后使用自联接。这是使用下面函数的代码，即Jeff Moden's splitter.

with cte as(
select
    job_id
    ,step_name
    ,step_id
    ,s.ItemNumber
    ,s.Item
from msdb..sysjobsteps
--split on the space
cross apply dbo.DelimitedSplit8K(command,' ') s)

select 
    c.job_id
    ,c.step_id
    ,c.step_name
    ,c.Item
    ,c2.Item
from cte c
--self join to get exec myproc in the same row
full join
    cte c2 on 
    c2.ItemNumber = c.ItemNumber + 1 
    and c.job_id = c2.job_id
    and c.step_id = c2.step_id
--we only care where the base table has exec or execute (not executed, etc)
where c.Item = 'exec' or c.Item = 'execute'
order by 
    c.job_id, c.step_id, c.ItemNumber

重要的是要意识到这会失败，例如，命令是exec someproc，它有两个空格。您可以使用replace() 解决此问题，但您必须多次嵌套此替换以占用所需的空间。您可以在拆分器函数中的 command 列上处理它

--here we replace two spaces with 1 for the entire command
cross apply dbo.DelimitedSplit8K(replace(command,'  ',' '),' ') s)

分割功能

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO


CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[DelimitedSplit8K] (@pString VARCHAR(8000), @pDelimiter CHAR(1))
--WARNING!!! DO NOT USE MAX DATA-TYPES HERE!  IT WILL KILL PERFORMANCE!

RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING AS
RETURN

/* "Inline" CTE Driven "Tally Table" produces values from 1 up to 10,000... enough to cover VARCHAR(8000)*/

  WITH E1(N) AS (
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
                ),                          --10E+1 or 10 rows
       E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b), --10E+2 or 100 rows
       E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b), --10E+4 or 10,000 rows max
 cteTally(N) AS (--==== This provides the "base" CTE and limits the number of rows right up front
                     -- for both a performance gain and prevention of accidental "overruns"
                 SELECT TOP (ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@pString),0)) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
                ),
cteStart(N1) AS (--==== This returns N+1 (starting position of each "element" just once for each delimiter)
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL
                 SELECT t.N+1 FROM cteTally t WHERE SUBSTRING(@pString,t.N,1) = @pDelimiter
                ),
cteLen(N1,L1) AS(--==== Return start and length (for use in substring)
                 SELECT s.N1,
                        ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@pDelimiter,@pString,s.N1),0)-s.N1,8000)
                   FROM cteStart s
                )
--===== Do the actual split. The ISNULL/NULLIF combo handles the length for the final element when no delimiter is found.
 SELECT ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY l.N1),
        Item       = SUBSTRING(@pString, l.N1, l.L1)
   FROM cteLen l


GO