Python将字符串解析为字典答案

【问题标题】：Python parse string as dictionaryPython将字符串解析为字典
【发布时间】：2018-12-26 13:16:54
【问题描述】：

我有以下字符串：

"[['Categories', [['180972'], ['180800'], ['16228'], ['32733'], ['32789'], ['32833'], ['325137'], ['32839'], ['25329'], ['42605'], ['428240849'], ['5101'], ['568'], ['570716'], ['57116'], ['57080545404'], ['57083134076']]], ['Tags', ['Stock', 'Color', 'Fam', 'Dress','Maxi']], ['Type', ['Luxary']], ['Vendor', ['AAA']]]"

我想将其解析为 dict/json。最好的方法是什么？

【问题讨论】：

@Graipher 这是一个字符串，看我的编辑
json.loads(string) ?
@Aprillion: 这似乎是一个无效的 JSON 字符串...
@Graipher 简单地将' 替换为"

标签： python json string parsing dictionary

【解决方案1】：

您可以使用ast.literal_eval 评估字符串并返回 Python 对象（如果语法正确）。 Using this is safer than using eval.

import ast

s = "[['Categories', [['180972'], ['180800'], ['16228'], ['32733'], ['32789'], ['32833'], ['325137'], ['32839'], ['25329'], ['42605'], ['428240849'], ['5101'], ['568'], ['570716'], ['57116'], ['57080545404'], ['57083134076']]], ['Tags', ['Stock', 'Color', 'Fam', 'Dress','Maxi']], ['Type', ['Luxary']], ['Vendor', ['AAA']]]"

l = ast.literal_eval(s)
d = dict(l)
{'Categories': [['180972'],
  ['180800'],
  ['16228'],
  ['32733'],
  ['32789'],
  ['32833'],
  ['325137'],
  ['32839'],
  ['25329'],
  ['42605'],
  ['428240849'],
  ['5101'],
  ['568'],
  ['570716'],
  ['57116'],
  ['57080545404'],
  ['57083134076']],
 'Tags': ['Stock', 'Color', 'Fam', 'Dress', 'Maxi'],
 'Type': ['Luxary'],
 'Vendor': ['AAA']}

如果您还想摆脱内部列表，请使用the other answer，而不是仅在对象上调用dict。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

试试这个把它转换成dict：

data= "[['Categories', [['180972'], ['180800'], ['16228'], ['32733'], ['32789'], ['32833'], ['325137'], ['32839'], ['25329'], ['42605'], ['428240849'], ['5101'], ['568'], ['570716'], ['57116'], ['57080545404'], ['57083134076']]], ['Tags', ['Stock', 'Color', 'Fam', 'Dress','Maxi']], ['Type', ['Luxary']], ['Vendor', ['AAA']]]"

data = eval(data)

d={}
for i in data:
    d[i[0]] = [x for x, in i[1]] if isinstance(i[1][0], list) else i[1]

输出将是：

{'Categories': 
  ['180972',
   '180800',
   '16228',
   '32733',
   '32789',
   '32833',
   '325137',
   '32839',
   '25329',
   '42605',
   '428240849',
   '5101',
   '568',
   '570716',
   '57116',
   '57080545404',
   '57083134076'],
 'Tags': ['Stock', 'Color', 'Fam', 'Dress', 'Maxi'],
 'Type': ['Luxary'],
 'Vendor': ['AAA']
}

【讨论】：

仅在您自己创建或自己确认安全的文本上使用eval，切勿来自未知或不受信任的来源。

【解决方案3】：

这个怎么样

>>> import itertools
>>> import ast
>>> import pprint
>>> i = ast.literal_eval(s)
>>> d = {k[0]:list(itertools.chain(*k[1])) if isinstance(k[1][0], list) else list(k[1]) for k in i}
>>> pprint.pprint(d)
{'Categories': ['180972',
                '180800',
                '16228',
                '32733',
                '32789',
                '32833',
                '325137',
                '32839',
                '25329',
                '42605',
                '428240849',
                '5101',
                '568',
                '570716',
                '57116',
                '57080545404',
                '57083134076'],
 'Tags': ['Stock', 'Color', 'Fam', 'Dress', 'Maxi'],
 'Type': ['Luxary'],
 'Vendor': ['AAA']}

【讨论】：