将文件读入字典python

Question

我有一个文件：

Fruits:
I love apples
I also love bananas
who even likes pears?
<<<END
Bananas are yellow 
apples are not yellow..
<<<END
Vegetables:
Anything green is gross
I don’t like vegetables
<<<END
Peas are disgusting
Who even likes peas
Is potato a vegetable?
<<<END

我想取以“:”结尾的行，例如“Fruits”和“Vegetables”，并将它们作为字典的键。并将键下的每一行都设为元组列表。

到目前为止我有：

def read_file(file):
    dic = {}
    lst = []
    with open(file,'r') as file:
        for line in file:
            if line.strip("\n") == "<<<END":
                continue
            elif line.endswith(":\n"):
                a = line.strip(":\n")
                dic[a] = []
            else:
                key = line.strip(":\n")
                dic[a].append(key)
        return dic

我希望程序返回：

{'Fruits': [("I love apples", "I also love bananas", "who even like  pears"),("Bananas are yellow", "apples are not yellow..")], 'Vegetables':[("Anything green is gross", "I don't like vegetables"),("Peas are disgusting", "Who even likes peas", "Is potato a vegetable?")]}

返回：

{'Fruits': ["I love apples", "I also love bananas", "who even like  pears","Bananas are yellow", "apples are not yellow.."], Vegetables: ["Anything green is gross", "I don't like vegetables","Peas are disgusting", "Who even likes peas", "Is potato a vegetable?"]}

Answer 1

以下是一个解决方案，可让您的代码几乎完好无损。这个想法是制作一个列表，直到你得到一个 <<<END 并将元组（由列表制成）附加到结果列表中。

def read_file(file):
    dic = {}
    lst = []
    with open(file,'r') as file:
        temp= []
        key = None
        for line in file:
            line = line.strip()
            if line == "<<<END":
                dic[key].append(tuple([key] + temp))
                temp = []
                continue
            elif line.endswith(":"):
                key = line.strip(":")
                dic[key] = []
            else:
                temp.append(line)
        return dic


print(read_file('test2.txt'))

输出：

{'Vegetables': [('Vegetables', 'Anything green is gross', 'I don\xe2\x80\x99t like vegetables'), ('Vegetables', 'Peas are disgusting', 'Who even likes peas', 'Is potato a vegetable?')], 'Fruits': [('Fruits', 'I love apples', 'I also love bananas', 'who even likes pears?'), ('Fruits', 'Bananas are yellow', 'apples are not yellow..')]}

Answer 2

我认为您基本上是正确的，只是缺少一些步骤来将不同的数据组分开。试试：

def read_file(path):
   d = {}
   with open(path, 'r') as f:
       lines = f.read().splitlines()
       group = None
       parts = []
       for line in lines:
           if line.endswith(":"):
               group = line[:-1]
               d[group] = []
           else:
               if line == "<<<END":
                   #  tuple-ize existing data
                   d[group].append(tuple(parts))
                   parts = []

               else:
                   # add to existing data
                   k = line[:-1]
                   parts.append(line)
       return d

对我来说返回：

>>> read_file('/tmp/1')
{'Vegetables': [('Anything green is gross', 'I don\xe2\x80\x99t like vegetables'), ('Peas are disgusting', 'Who even likes peas', 'Is potato a vegetable?')], 'Fruits': [('I love apples', 'I also love bananas', 'who even likes pears?'), ('Bananas are yellow ', 'apples are not yellow..')]}
>>>

我刚刚通过 tuple() 添加了数据的显式转换，并添加了一个临时变量“parts”来跟踪最终字典之外的数据。

Answer 3

你可以试试：

def read_file(file):
    dic = {}
    lst = []
    same_dict = False 
    with open(file,'r') as file:
        for line in file:
            if line.endswith(":\n"):
                a = line.strip(":\n")
                dic[a] = []
            else:
                if line.strip("\n") == "<<<END":
                    dic[a].append(tuple(lst))
                    lst = []
                else:
                    key = line.strip("\n")
                    lst.append(key)
   return dic

参考您的新要求，

def read_file(file):
    dic = {}
    lst = []
    same_dict = False 
    with open(file,'r') as file:
        for line in file:
            if line.endswith(":\n"):
                a = line.strip(":\n")
                dic[a] = []
            else:
                if line.strip("\n") == "<<<END":
                    dic[a].append(tuple([a]+lst))
                    lst = []
                else:
                    key = line.strip("\n")
                    lst.append(key)
    return dic

print(read_file('temp.txt'))

希望对你有帮助