验证文件名的一部分是否存在于字典或列表中，Python 2.7

Question

我不熟悉编码和文件检查程序的早期阶段。 我正在编写一个程序来查看文件的标题中是否包含“正确信息”。

我目前正纠结于如何检查标题的 part 是否与字典或列表中可接受的名称匹配。

我的代码如下。如果我输入的标题少于 3 个部分，则会引发错误。但是，如果我用 3 parts 输入标题，即使 parts 中没有一个与列表或字典中的任何内容匹配，我的程序也会声称标题是正确的（事实并非如此）。

我知道if-statements 是粗略的，因为所有的或的，但这是我现在最好的主意，而不是为每个part 写大量的if-statements。

谁能帮助我更正代码，以便我可以对照列表或字典检查标题的一部分，以确保该部分存在于列表/字典中？

一个示例（正确的）文件名是：DJ_BR_UVT.xls 文件名不正确的示例是：DJ_BR_staford.xls *作为旁注，parts 或物种、学校、首字母可以在文件名中以任何顺序排列。

def checkFilename(filename):
    print 'filename = ' + filename
    Parts = filename.split('_')
if len(Parts) != 3:
    print "There are " + str(len(Parts)) + " that is an incorrect amount of info in file name. There should be 3 parts to your file name"
    return

Part1 = Parts[0]
Part2 = Parts[1]
Part3 = Parts[2]
Species_Dictionary = {'Brown Rat':'BR', 'Black Rat':'BLR', 'Dwarf Rat':'DR', 'White Mouse':'GG', 'Human':'HS', 'Brown Mouse':'VK'}
School_List = ['UHJ', 'UMG', 'COL', 'UVT']
Initials_List = ['DM', 'DCM', 'YXAA', 'DJ']
Species_Check = 0
School_Check = 0
Initials_Check = 0
# supposed to check to see if each 'part' can be found in the Species_Dictionary
if Part1 or Part2 or Part3 in Species_Dictionary:
    Species_Check = 1
    print Species_Check
else:
    print "Cannot find a valid species"
    return

#check to see if any of the 'parts' can be found in the School-List
if Part1 or Part2 or Part3 in School_List:
    School_Check = 1
else:
    print "Cannot find valid school"
    return

#Check if any of the 'parts' are in the Initials_List
if Part1 or Part2 or Part3 in Initials_List:
    Initials_Check = 1
else:
    print "Cannot find valid initials"
    return

#If the previous 3 if-statements have been met, the file 'passes' and contains correct info
if Species_Check == 1 and School_Check == 1 and Initials_Check == 1:
    print "Your file contains correct title information"
else:
    print "Your file name does not contain the correct information"
    return

Answer 1

条件if Part1 or Part2 or Part3 in Species_Dictionary: 不会像你想的那样。

如果文件名是DJ_BR_UVT.xls，那么parts 将是DJ、BR 和UVT.xls。您必须删除扩展。

PARTS1 = ('BR','BLR','DR','GG','HS','VK')
PARTS2 = ('UHJ', 'UMG', 'COL', 'UVT')
PARTS3 = ('DM', 'DCM', 'YXAA', 'DJ')
def checkFilename(filename):
  f = filename.split('.')[0]   # this removes the extension
  parts = f.split('_')
  nb1, nb2, nb3 = 0, 0, 0
  for p in parts:
    if p in PARTS1: nb1 += 1
    if p in PARTS2: nb2 += 1
    if p in PARTS3: nb3 += 1
  return nb1 == 1 and nb2 == 1 and nb3 == 1

print (checkFilename("DJ_BR_UVT.xls"))
print (checkFilename("DJ_BR_staford.xls"))

打印出来

True
False