Android Dev 网站提供了一个使用内置 Google Speech Input Activity 进行语音输入的示例。该活动显示一个带有麦克风的预配置弹出窗口，并使用onActivityResult()传递其结果
我的问题：
有没有办法直接使用SpeechRecognizer 类进行语音输入而不显示预设活动？这将让我为语音输入构建自己的活动。
【问题讨论】：
标签： android speech-recognition speech-to-text
这是使用 SpeechRecognizer 类的代码（来自here 和here）：
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.speech.RecognitionListener;
import android.speech.RecognizerIntent;
import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.util.Log;
public class VoiceRecognitionTest extends Activity implements OnClickListener
{
private TextView mText;
private SpeechRecognizer sr;
private static final String TAG = "MyStt3Activity";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button speakButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_speak);
mText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
speakButton.setOnClickListener(this);
sr = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(this);
sr.setRecognitionListener(new listener());
}
class listener implements RecognitionListener
{
public void onReadyForSpeech(Bundle params)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech");
}
public void onBeginningOfSpeech()
{
Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech");
}
public void onRmsChanged(float rmsdB)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged");
}
public void onBufferReceived(byte[] buffer)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived");
}
public void onEndOfSpeech()
{
Log.d(TAG, "onEndofSpeech");
}
public void onError(int error)
{
Log.d(TAG, "error " + error);
mText.setText("error " + error);
}
public void onResults(Bundle results)
{
String str = new String();
Log.d(TAG, "onResults " + results);
ArrayList data = results.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION);
for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++)
{
Log.d(TAG, "result " + data.get(i));
str += data.get(i);
}
mText.setText("results: "+String.valueOf(data.size()));
}
public void onPartialResults(Bundle partialResults)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults");
}
public void onEvent(int eventType, Bundle params)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onEvent " + eventType);
}
}
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_speak)
{
Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH);
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL,RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM);
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_CALLING_PACKAGE,"voice.recognition.test");
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_MAX_RESULTS,5);
sr.startListening(intent);
Log.i("111111","11111111");
}
}
}
使用按钮定义 main.xml 并在清单中授予 RECORD_AUDIO 权限
【讨论】：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />。
还要确保向用户请求适当的权限。我遇到了错误 9 返回值：INSUFFICIENT_PERMISSIONS，即使我在清单中列出了正确的 RECORD_AUDIO 权限。
按照示例代码here，我能够从用户那里获得权限，然后语音识别器返回了良好的响应。
例如在调用 SpeechRecognizer 方法之前，我将这个块放入我的 onCreate() 活动中，尽管它可以在 UI 流中的其他位置：
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// Should we show an explanation?
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)) {
// Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
// this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
// sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
} else {
// No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO},
527);
// MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS is an
// app-defined int constant. The callback method gets the
// result of the request. (In this example I just punched in
// the value 527)
}
...
}
然后在activity中为权限请求提供回调方法：
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 527: {
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// permission was granted, yay! Do the
// contacts-related task you need to do.
} else {
// permission denied, boo! Disable the
// functionality that depends on this permission.
}
return;
}
// other 'case' lines to check for other
// permissions this app might request
}
}
我必须在上面的 preetha 示例代码中更改另一件事，其中在 onResults() 方法中检索结果文本。要获取已翻译语音的实际文本（而不是原始代码打印的大小），要么打印构造字符串 str 的值，要么获取 ArrayList（数据）中的返回值之一。例如：
.setText(data.get(0));
【讨论】：
您可以使用SpeechRecognizer，尽管我不知道除this previous SO question 之外的任何示例代码。但是，这是 API 级别 8 (Android 2.2) 的新功能，因此在撰写本文时尚未广泛使用。
【讨论】：
你可以这样做：
import android.app.Activity
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
import android.widget.Toast
import android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
import android.speech.RecognizerIntent
import android.content.Intent
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private val REQ_CODE = 100
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
speak.setOnClickListener {
val intent = Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH)
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL,
RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM)
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, "ar-JO") // Locale.getDefault()
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_PROMPT, "Need to speak")
try {
startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_CODE)
} catch (a: ActivityNotFoundException) {
Toast.makeText(applicationContext,
"Sorry your device not supported",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
}
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
REQ_CODE -> {
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK && data != null) {
val result = data
.getStringArrayListExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_RESULTS)
println("result: $result")
text.text = result[0]
}
}
}
}
}
layout 可以很简单：
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width = "match_parent"
android:layout_height = "match_parent"
tools:context = ".MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width = "match_parent"
android:gravity = "center"
android:layout_height = "match_parent">
<TextView
android:id = "@+id/text"
android:textSize = "30sp"
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom = "true"
android:layout_centerInParent = "true"
android:orientation = "vertical"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content">
<ImageView
android:id = "@+id/speak"
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:background = "?selectableItemBackground"
android:src = "@android:drawable/ic_btn_speak_now"/>
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
你问的另一种方式，时间长一点，但给你更多的控制权，也不会用谷歌帮助对话框打扰你：
1- 首先您需要在Manifest 文件中授予权限：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>
2- 我将以上所有答案合并为：
RecognitionListener 类，为：private val TAG = "Driver-Assistant"
class Listener(context: Context): RecognitionListener {
private var ctx = context
override fun onReadyForSpeech(params: Bundle?) {
Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech")
}
override fun onRmsChanged(rmsdB: Float) {
Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged")
}
override fun onBufferReceived(buffer: ByteArray?) {
Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived")
}
override fun onPartialResults(partialResults: Bundle?) {
Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults")
}
override fun onEvent(eventType: Int, params: Bundle?) {
Log.d(TAG, "onEvent")
}
override fun onBeginningOfSpeech() {
Toast.makeText(ctx, "Speech started", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
override fun onEndOfSpeech() {
Toast.makeText(ctx, "Speech finished", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
override fun onError(error: Int) {
var string = when (error) {
6 -> "No speech input"
4 -> "Server sends error status"
8 -> "RecognitionService busy."
7 -> "No recognition result matched."
1 -> "Network operation timed out."
2 -> "Other network related errors."
9 -> "Insufficient permissions"
5 -> " Other client side errors."
3 -> "Audio recording error."
else -> "unknown!!"
}
Toast.makeText(ctx, "sorry error occurred: $string", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
override fun onResults(results: Bundle?) {
Log.d(TAG, "onResults $results")
val data = results!!.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION)
display.text = data!![0]
}
}
SpeechRecognizer，把上面的listner加进去，别忘了请求运行时权限，全部如下：lateinit var sr: SpeechRecognizer
lateinit var display: TextView
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
display = text
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)) {
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
arrayOf(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO),
527)
}
}
sr = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(this)
sr.setRecognitionListener(Listener(this))
speak.setOnClickListener {
val intent = Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH)
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL,
RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM)
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, "ar-JO") // Locale.getDefault()
sr.startListening(intent)
}
}
override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<out String>, grantResults: IntArray) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
when (requestCode) {
527 -> if (grantResults.isNotEmpty()
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission not granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
}
}
【讨论】：
package com.android.example.speechtxt;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.speech.RecognitionListener;
import android.speech.RecognizerIntent;
import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Locale;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RelativeLayout relativeLayout;
private SpeechRecognizer speechRecognizer;
private Intent speechintent;
String keeper="";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
checkVoiceCommandPermission();
relativeLayout = findViewById(R.id.touchscr);
speechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(getApplicationContext());
speechintent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH);
speechintent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL,RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM);
speechintent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, Locale.getDefault());
speechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener(new RecognitionListener() {
@Override
public void onReadyForSpeech(Bundle params) {
}
@Override
public void onBeginningOfSpeech() {
}
@Override
public void onRmsChanged(float rmsdB) {
}
@Override
public void onBufferReceived(byte[] buffer) {
}
@Override
public void onEndOfSpeech() {
}
@Override
public void onError(int error) {
}
@Override
public void onResults(Bundle results)
{
ArrayList<String> speakedStringArray = results.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION);
if(speakedStringArray!=null)
{
keeper = speakedStringArray.get(0);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),""+keeper,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
@Override
public void onPartialResults(Bundle partialResults) {
}
@Override
public void onEvent(int eventType, Bundle params) {
}
});
relativeLayout.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
switch (event.getAction())
{
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
speechRecognizer.startListening(speechintent);
keeper="";
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
speechRecognizer.stopListening();
break;
}
return false;
}
});
}
private void checkVoiceCommandPermission()
{
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
{
if (!(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED))
{
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS, Uri.parse("package:" +getPackageName()));
startActivity(intent);
finish();
}
}
}
}
【讨论】：