Firebase 实时数据库规则

Question

这是我的示例数据库：

{
  "referrals" : {
    "Nr7sS4xV1fO59wjCqbEabLlK8RF3" : {
      "16-10-2020" : {
        "-MJhjQddWdWDImj98Sov" : {
          "city" : "hyhy",
          "name" : "mmmm",
          "number" : "03058852844",
          "remarks" : "pg"
        },
        "-MJhmeRiqeXskncHJF61" : {
          "city" : "vsva",
          "name" : "yhyh",
          "number" : "02089453882",
          "remarks" : "pg"
        }
      },
      "total_referrals" : 2
    },
    "jpeoZQAPdZY4yEt8yGifGZi4U4r1" : {
      "16-10-2020" : {
        "-MJlzrS8xX8MGN1ar9uw" : {
          "city" : "lahore",
          "name" : "khursand",
          "number" : "03014181394",
          "remarks" : "paid"
        },
        "-MJm-LFhEEMBzBPRftlC" : {
          "city" : "lahore",
          "name" : "khursand",
          "number" : "03014141111",
          "remarks" : "pg"
        }
      },
      "total_referrals" : 2
    }
  },
  "users" : {
    "Nr7sS4xV1fO59wjCqbEabLlK8RF3" : {
      "account_status" : "Level 1",
      "current_balance" : "0",
      "isBan" : false,
      "paid_referrals" : "0",
      "total_balance" : "0",
      "total_withdraw" : "0"
    },
    "jpeoZQAPdZY4yEt8yGifGZi4U4r1" : {
      "account_status" : "Level 1",
      "current_balance" : "0",
      "paid_referrals" : "0",
      "total_balance" : "0",
      "total_withdraw" : "0"
    }
  },
  "withdraw_details" : {
    "Nr7sS4xV1fO59wjCqbEabLlK8RF3" : {
      "-MJMgVd3TuWYjdGSd-FY" : {
        "amount" : "600",
        "date" : "11/10/2020",
        "method" : "Easypaisa",
        "number" : "03058853833",
        "tid" : "90124678573"
      }
    },
    "jpeoZQAPdZY4yEt8yGifGZi4U4r1" : {
      "-MJm7SfTwWafae85ayRq" : {
        "amount" : "600",
        "date" : "11/10/2020",
        "method" : "Easypaisa",
        "number" : "03494628929",
        "tid" : "90124678573"
      }
    }
  }
}

这是我尝试在控制台中设置的数据库规则：

{
  "rules": {
    "users":{
      "$user_id":{
        ".read": "$user_id == auth.uid && auth != null", // only owner or authenticated user can read
        ".write": false // No-one can write
          
      }
    },
      
    "withdraw_details":{
      "$user_id":{
        ".read": "$user_id == auth.uid && auth != null",// only owner or authenticated user can read
        ".write": false // No-one can write
      }
    },
        
    "referrals": {
      "$user_id": {
        ".read": "$user_id == auth.uid && auth != null", // same as above
        ".write": "$user_id == auth.uid && auth != null", // owner and authenticated can write
          "$date": {
            // children should be only these
            ".validate": "newData.hasChildren(['name', 'number', 'city', 'remarks'])",
              // you can see further validation rules below
            "name": {".validate": "newData.isString() && newData.val().length <= 30"},
            "number": {".validate": "newData.isNumber() && newData.val().length == 11"},
            "city": {".validate": "newData.isString() && newData.val().length <= 20"},
            "remarks": {".validate": "newData.isString() && newData.val().length <= 15"},
            
              // any other child should be rejected
            "$other": {".validate": false}
            
          }
      }
    }  
  }

现在我不知道我在这里做错了什么，因为每次我尝试读取任何孩子时都会引发 “Permission denied” 错误。

喜欢下面的用户详细信息请求

private void getDetails() {
    databaseReference.child("users").addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {

            if (snapshot.hasChild(mAuth.getCurrentUser().getUid())) {

                AccountDetails accountDetails = snapshot
                        .child(mAuth.getCurrentUser().getUid())
                        .getValue(AccountDetails.class);

                setValuesToTextViews(
                        accountDetails.getTotal_balance(),
                        accountDetails.getTotal_withdraw(),
                        accountDetails.getCurrent_balance(),
                        accountDetails.getAccount_status(),
                        accountDetails.getPaid_referrals(),
                        accountDetails.getTotal_referrals()
                );
            } 
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onCancelled(@NonNull DatabaseError error) {
            Log.w(TAG, "onCancelled: " + error.toException());

            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), error.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
}

此外，进一步澄清，我希望 /users/uid/ && /withdraw_details/uid/ 只能由其所有者读取，并且 auth 不应为空。并且应该拒绝对这些位置的写访问。

/referrals/uid/ 位置应该对其所有者具有读写权限，并具有某些标准和验证，如您在上面的数据库规则中所见。

Answer 1

安全规则本身不会过滤数据。相反，它们只是强制您对数据库执行的任何操作都是允许的。

因此，在您的代码中，您将侦听器附加到 /users：

databaseReference.child("users").addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {

执行此操作时，规则引擎会检查此用户是否具有对 /users 的读取权限。由于没有人对/users 具有读取权限，因此它拒绝了该操作。

---

您想要做的是读取特定用户的节点：

databaseReference.child("users").child(mAuth.getCurrentUser().getUid()).addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {
    @Override
    public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
        AccountDetails accountDetails = snapshot.getValue(AccountDetails.class);

        setValuesToTextViews(
                accountDetails.getTotal_balance(),
                accountDetails.getTotal_withdraw(),
                accountDetails.getCurrent_balance(),
                accountDetails.getAccount_status(),
                accountDetails.getPaid_referrals(),
                accountDetails.getTotal_referrals()
        );
    } 
    ...

有关这方面的更多信息，请参阅 rules are not filters 上的 Firebase 文档，这些 search results 关于该主题，例如：Restricting child/field access with security rules