pytest：`foo is Enum.FOO` 在本地测试 True，在 travis-ci 上测试 False

Question

停下！我在检查 Enums 的相等性时遇到了奇怪的问题。在本地，我的测试通过了，但在 Travis 上却失败了。以下是 Travis 的测试失败示例：

_____________________________ test_extract_object ______________________________
    def test_extract_object():
        """Test UmlCreator.extract_object()."""
        creator = UmlCreator(".")
        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
            creator.extract_object(["no", "klass", "included"])
        obj = creator.extract_object(
            [
                "public",
                "static",
                "class",
                "StaticKlass",
                ":",
                "ICanBeImplemented,",
                "IComparable,",
                "IEquatable<Klass>",
            ]
        )
        assert obj.__class__.__name__ == "UmlClass"
>       assert obj.access is Access.PUBLIC
E       assert Access("public") is Access("public")
E        +  where Access("public") = UmlClass(['StaticKlass', ':', 'ICanBeImplemented,', 'IComparable,', 'IEquatable<Klass>'], **{'nsp': None, 'access': Access("public"), 'attrs': [], 'modifiers': [Modifier("static")], 'repo_url': None}).access
E        +  and   Access("public") = Access.PUBLIC
tests/test_creator.py:44: AssertionError

如果我将违规行更改为assert obj.access.value == Access.PUBLIC.value，它也会传递给 Travis，但我很难理解为什么这会在一个地方失败并以基本相同的设置传递到另一个地方，当然它也会影响非-test 代码，这意味着我在代码中使用foo is Enum.VAL 的任何地方，对这些方法的测试也会失败：

tests/test_creator.py:44: AssertionError
_________________________ test_uml_class_display_name __________________________
    def test_uml_class_display_name():
        """Test UmlClass.display_name()."""
        klass = UmlClass(["Classy"])
        assert klass.display_name() == "Classy"
        abstract_klass = UmlClass(["Classy"], modifiers=[Modifier.ABSTRACT])
>       assert abstract_klass.is_abstract()
E       assert False

本地

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
Release:        18.04
Codename:       bionic
$ pip list
Package            Version
------------------ --------
appdirs            1.4.3
astroid            2.3.3
attrs              19.3.0
bandit             1.6.2
black              19.10b0
Click              7.0
coverage           5.0.3
gitdb2             2.0.6
GitPython          3.0.7
importlib-metadata 1.5.0
isort              4.3.21
lazy-object-proxy  1.4.3
mccabe             0.6.1
more-itertools     8.2.0
packaging          20.1
pathspec           0.7.0
pbr                5.4.4
pip                20.0.2
pluggy             0.13.1
py                 1.8.1
pylint             2.4.4
pyparsing          2.4.6
pytest             5.3.5
pytest-cov         2.8.1
PyYAML             5.3
regex              2020.1.8
rope               0.16.0
setuptools         45.1.0
six                1.14.0
smmap2             2.0.5
stevedore          1.32.0
toml               0.10.0
typed-ast          1.4.1
wcwidth            0.1.8
wheel              0.34.2
wrapt              1.11.2
zipp               2.2.0
$ pipenv run test
===== test session starts =====
platform linux -- Python 3.6.9, pytest-5.3.5, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /mnt/c/Users/thy/source/repos/uml.cs, inifile: pytest.ini
plugins: cov-2.8.1
collected 41 items

特拉维斯

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic
$ pip list
Package            Version
------------------ ----------
appdirs            1.4.3
astroid            2.3.3
atomicwrites       1.3.0    !
attrs              19.3.0
bandit             1.6.2
black              19.10b0
certifi            2019.6.16 !
Click              7.0
coverage           5.0.3
gitdb2             2.0.6
GitPython          3.0.7
importlib-metadata 1.5.0
isort              4.3.21
lazy-object-proxy  1.4.3
mccabe             0.6.1
mock               3.0.5 !
more-itertools     8.2.0
nose               1.3.7 !
numpy              1.18.0 !
packaging          20.1
pathspec           0.7.0
pbr                5.4.4
pip                19.3.1
pipenv             2018.11.26
pluggy             0.13.1
py                 1.8.1
pylint             2.4.4
pyparsing          2.4.6
pytest             5.3.5
pytest-cov         2.8.1
PyYAML             5.3
regex              2020.1.8
rope               0.16.0
setuptools         42.0.2
six                1.14.0
smmap2             2.0.5
stevedore          1.32.0
toml               0.10.0
typed-ast          1.4.1
virtualenv         16.6.1
virtualenv-clone   0.5.3
wcwidth            0.1.8
wheel              0.33.6
wrapt              1.11.2
zipp               2.2.0
python -m pytest
===== test session starts =====
platform linux -- Python 3.6.9, pytest-5.3.5, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /home/travis/build/kthy/uml.cs, inifile: pytest.ini
plugins: cov-2.8.1
collected 41 items

为了便于比较，以下是差异表：

|本地 (WSL) |特拉维斯 | | ------------------ | ---------------------- | | Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS | Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS | | | atomicwrites-1.3.0 | | |证书2019.6.16 | | |模拟3.0.5 | | |鼻子1.3.7 | | | numpy-1.18.0 | |点子20.0.2 |点子19.3.1 | | | pipenv-2018.11.26 | |安装工具-45.1.0 |安装工具-42.0.2 | | |虚拟环境-16.6.1 | | |虚拟环境克隆-0.5.3 | |轮-0.34.2 |轮0.33.6 |

可以看到来自 Travis 的完整构建日志，例如here.

Answer 1

所以，as pointed out by Ethan 问题是我的导入。无论出于何种原因，我都在导入 Enums 之类的

try:
  from features import Access
except (ImportError, ModuleNotFoundError):
  from umldotcs.features import Access

- 我不记得为什么了，但可能是因为我之前在导入方面遇到了一些问题。 Cargo cult 编程再次来袭！ ? 在本地运行 pytest 使用了第二个导入，而 Travis 出于某种原因选择了第一个，触发 Issue30545 这是用户错误，而不是 python 错误。确保所有Enums 都以相同的方式导入解决了问题。