Viewpager 和 FragmentPagerAdapter：页面视图移除

Question

我使用Viewpager 和FragmentPagerAdapter 来允许添加和删除页面。每个页面显示从互联网获得的数据。

添加新页面时，新的 Fragment 会与该页面相关联。数据通过 AsyncTask 获取并显示在 Fragment 中。当用户选择移除一个页面时，想法是销毁该页面和相关的 Fragment。

总的来说，这一切都很好。我看到的问题如下：

1. 您有三个包含数据的页面：

   [第 1 页] [第 2 页] [第 3 页]

2. 您删除除最后一页以外的任何页面，例如第 2 页；第 2 页根据需要消失：

   [第 1 页] [第 3 页]

3. 您添加了一个新页面；但新页面不是空白的新页面，而是显示第 3 页的数据（视图）。

   [第 1 页] [第 3 页] [第 4 页，但显示第 3 页的视图/数据，应为空白]

---

我的activity中的页面移除代码如下：

   // Destroy fragment for this page
   DataListFragment curFrag = getFragmentByName(currentPage);
   FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
   fm.beginTransaction().remove(curFrag).commit();
   fm.executePendingTransactions();
   curFrag = null;

   // Remove page and update adapter
   mPageTitles.remove(position);        
   mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

使用调试器，它显示片段在executePendingTransactions() 调用之后从FragmentManager 中删除。但是在FrampePagerAdapters 调用中，mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged() 会重新添加片段，然后在创建新页面时显示。

我尝试使用 FrameStatePagerAdapter，因为它应该允许破坏片段，但它不起作用。在我的 FragmentPagerAdapter 的 getItemPosition() 方法中，我使用了 return FragmentAdapter.POSITION_NONE;，正如我遇到的另一篇 SO 文章中所指出的那样。

似乎该页面的视图没有被破坏，而是重新添加到新页面中。我尝试在新页面的视图上使用removeViewAt() 方法，但这不起作用。

---

作为新手，我确定我遗漏了一些明显的东西......

Answer 1

您应该扩展FragmentStatePagerAdapter 并从该适配器的项目列表中删除相应的项目，而不是尝试从活动中删除片段。删除适配器中的项目后，不要忘记致电adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()。完成后，ViewPager 和 FragmentStatePagerAdapter 将负责其余的工作。

Answer 2

查看您的 getCount() 方法正在返回 viewPager 中的确切项目数。是的，FragmentStatePagerAdapter 也很重要。

Answer 3

我最终得到了一个基于经验混合以下知识的解决方案：

• 您可以在尾部添加一个新的Fragment 而不会出现问题。
• 您无法读取之前删除的Fragment，因为它有时会导致java.lang.IllegalStateException: Can't change tag of fragment，因此您必须克隆它。
• 要删除Fragment，您必须在方法getItemPosition(Object object) 中返回PagerAdapter.POSITION_NONE，并从FragmentManager 中删除Fragment。
• 如果您要在不同于尾部的其他位置添加/删除/替换，则必须从要更改的位置删除所有内容，直到结束，执行这些操作，然后读取（克隆的）Fragments你删除了。

这是一个完整的FragmentActivity 代码，带有FragmentPagerAdapter，它有3 种添加、删除和替换选项卡的方法：

public class TabTestActivity extends FragmentActivity implements
        ActionBar.TabListener {
    private SectionsPagerAdapter mSectionsPagerAdapter;
    private ViewPager mViewPager;
    private static int tabCount = 0;
    private static String labelString = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        labelString = getString(R.string.title_section);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_tab_test);
        final ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
        actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_TABS);
        mSectionsPagerAdapter = new SectionsPagerAdapter(
                getSupportFragmentManager());
        mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);
        mViewPager.setAdapter(mSectionsPagerAdapter);
        mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(new ViewPager.SimpleOnPageChangeListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onPageSelected(final int position) {
                        (new Handler()).postDelayed(new Runnable() {

                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                actionBar.setSelectedNavigationItem(position);
                            }

                        }, 1);
                    }
                });

        for (int i = 0; i < mSectionsPagerAdapter.getCount(); i++) {
            actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab()
                    .setText(mSectionsPagerAdapter.getPageTitle(i))
                    .setTabListener(this));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.tab_test, menu);
        return true;
    }

    public void addNewTab() {
        int position = (mSectionsPagerAdapter.getCount() > 0 ? mViewPager.getCurrentItem() : 0);
        mSectionsPagerAdapter.insertFragment(position);
        mViewPager.setCurrentItem(position, true);
    }

    public void removeTab() {
        if (mSectionsPagerAdapter.getCount() > 0) {
            int position = mViewPager.getCurrentItem();
            mSectionsPagerAdapter.removeFragment(position);
        }
    }

    public void replaceTab() {
        if (mSectionsPagerAdapter.getCount() > 0) {
            int position = mViewPager.getCurrentItem();
            mSectionsPagerAdapter.replaceFragment(position);            
            mViewPager.setCurrentItem(position, false);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.action_add_tab:
            addNewTab();
            return true;
        case R.id.action_remove_tab:
            removeTab();
            return true;
        case R.id.action_replace_tab:
            replaceTab();
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    @Override
    public void onTabSelected(ActionBar.Tab tab,
            FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction) {
        mViewPager.setCurrentItem(tab.getPosition());
    }

    @Override
    public void onTabUnselected(ActionBar.Tab tab,
            FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onTabReselected(ActionBar.Tab tab,
            FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction) {
    }

    public class SectionsPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

        private List<Fragment> currentFragments;
        private FragmentManager fragmentManager;

        public SectionsPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
            super(fm);
            fragmentManager = fm;
            currentFragments = new ArrayList<Fragment>();
        }

        public void insertFragment(int position) {
            // Remove fragments from position
            List<Fragment> fragmentsToRemove = new ArrayList<Fragment>(currentFragments.subList(position, currentFragments.size()));
            int i = currentFragments.size() - 1;
            int j = -1;
            int k = i;
            while (i >= position) {
                currentFragments.remove(i);
                i--;
                j++;
            }
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            final ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
            while (k >= position) {
                actionBar.removeTabAt(k);
                k--;
            }
            android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            while (j >= 0) {
                Fragment fragmentToRemove = fragmentsToRemove.get(j);
                transaction.detach(fragmentToRemove);
                transaction.remove(fragmentToRemove);
                j--;
            }
            transaction.commit();
            fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            // Add new fragment
            Fragment fragment = new DummySectionFragment();
            currentFragments.add(position, fragment);
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab()
                    .setText(mSectionsPagerAdapter.getPageTitle(position))
                    .setTabListener(TabTestActivity.this), position);
            // Readd fragments
            if (fragmentsToRemove.size() > 0) {
                i = 1;
                for (Fragment fragmentToRemove : fragmentsToRemove) {
                    currentFragments.add(DummySectionFragment.cloneExistingFragment((DummySectionFragment)fragmentToRemove));
                    notifyDataSetChanged();
                    actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab()
                            .setText(mSectionsPagerAdapter.getPageTitle(position + i))
                            .setTabListener(TabTestActivity.this), position + i);
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }

        public void removeFragment(int position) {
            // Remove fragments from position
            List<Fragment> fragmentsToRemove = new ArrayList<Fragment>(currentFragments.subList(position, currentFragments.size()));
            int i = currentFragments.size() - 1;
            int j = -1;
            int k = i;
            while (i >= position) {
                currentFragments.remove(i);
                i--;
                j++;
            }
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            final ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
            while (k >= position) {
                actionBar.removeTabAt(k);
                k--;
            }
            android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            while (j >= 0) {
                Fragment fragmentToRemove = fragmentsToRemove.get(j);
                transaction.detach(fragmentToRemove);
                transaction.remove(fragmentToRemove);
                j--;
            }
            transaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
            fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            // Readd fragments (except one)
            if (fragmentsToRemove.size() > 1) {
                i = 0;
                for (Fragment fragment : fragmentsToRemove.subList(1, fragmentsToRemove.size())) {
                    currentFragments.add(DummySectionFragment.cloneExistingFragment((DummySectionFragment)fragment));
                    notifyDataSetChanged();
                    actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab()
                            .setText(mSectionsPagerAdapter.getPageTitle(position + i))
                            .setTabListener(TabTestActivity.this), position + i);
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }

        public void replaceFragment(int position) {
            // Remove fragments from position
            List<Fragment> fragmentsToRemove = new ArrayList<Fragment>(currentFragments.subList(position, currentFragments.size()));
            int i = currentFragments.size() - 1;
            int j = -1;
            int k = i;
            while (i >= position) {
                currentFragments.remove(i);
                i--;
                j++;
            }
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            final ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
            while (k >= position) {
                actionBar.removeTabAt(k);
                k--;
            }
            android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            while (j >= 0) {
                Fragment fragmentToRemove = fragmentsToRemove.get(j);
                transaction.detach(fragmentToRemove);
                transaction.remove(fragmentToRemove);
                j--;
            }
            transaction.commit();
            fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            // Add new fragment
            Fragment fragment = new DummySectionFragment();
            currentFragments.add(position, fragment);
            notifyDataSetChanged();
            actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab()
                    .setText(mSectionsPagerAdapter.getPageTitle(position))
                    .setTabListener(TabTestActivity.this), position);
            // Readd fragments (except one)
            if (fragmentsToRemove.size() > 0) {
                i = 1;
                for (Fragment fragmentToRemove : fragmentsToRemove.subList(1, fragmentsToRemove.size())) {
                    currentFragments.add(DummySectionFragment.cloneExistingFragment((DummySectionFragment)fragmentToRemove));
                    notifyDataSetChanged();
                    actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab()
                            .setText(mSectionsPagerAdapter.getPageTitle(position + i))
                            .setTabListener(TabTestActivity.this), position + i);
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Fragment getItem(int position) {
            if (currentFragments == null) {
                currentFragments = new ArrayList<Fragment>();
            }
            while (currentFragments.size() <= position) {
                currentFragments.add(null);
            }
            if (currentFragments.get(position) != null) {
                return currentFragments.get(position);
            }
            Fragment fragment = new DummySectionFragment();
            currentFragments.set(position, fragment);
            return fragment;
        }

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return currentFragments.size();
        }

        @Override
        public int getItemPosition(Object object) {
            int position = currentFragments.indexOf(object);
            if (position == -1) {
                return PagerAdapter.POSITION_NONE;
            }
            return position;
        }

        @Override
        public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
            return ((DummySectionFragment)getItem(position)).getTitle();
        }
    }

    public static class DummySectionFragment extends Fragment {
        private int sectionNumber;

        public DummySectionFragment() {
            super();
            sectionNumber = ++tabCount;
        }

        public static DummySectionFragment cloneExistingFragment(DummySectionFragment fragment) {
            DummySectionFragment cloned = new DummySectionFragment();
            // Hack for avoiding autoincrement
            --tabCount;
            cloned.sectionNumber = fragment.getSectionNumber();
            return cloned;
        }

        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tab_test_dummy,
                    container, false);
            TextView dummyTextView = (TextView) rootView
                    .findViewById(R.id.section_label);
            dummyTextView.setText(String.format(labelString, sectionNumber));
            return rootView;
        }

        public int getSectionNumber() {
            return sectionNumber;
        }

        public String getTitle() {
            return String.format(labelString, sectionNumber);
        }
    }

}