在树莓派上安装 Canvas答案

【问题标题】：Install Canvas on a Raspberry pi在树莓派上安装 Canvas
【发布时间】：2021-01-18 18:52:54
【问题描述】：

您好，我想为 discord.js 机器人安装画布。当我尝试使用以下命令安装画布时

npm install canvas

我收到以下错误：

pi@server:~/Bots/Discord/Java $ npm install canvas

> canvas@2.6.1 install /home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas
> node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-build

node-pre-gyp WARN Using request for node-pre-gyp https download 
node-pre-gyp WARN Tried to download(404): https://github.com/node-gfx/node-canvas-prebuilt/releases/download/v2.6.1/canvas-v2.6.1-node-v72-linux-glibc-arm.tar.gz 
node-pre-gyp WARN Pre-built binaries not found for canvas@2.6.1 and node@12.18.4 (node-v72 ABI, glibc) (falling back to source compile with node-gyp) 
Package pixman-1 was not found in the pkg-config search path.      
 Perhaps you should add the directory containing `pixman-1.pc'
    to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
    No package 'pixman-1' found
    gyp: Call to 'pkg-config pixman-1 --libs' returned exit status 1 while in binding.gyp. while trying to load binding.gyp
    gyp ERR! configure error 
    gyp ERR! stack Error: `gyp` failed with exit code: 1
    gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onCpExit (/usr/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:351:16)
    gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:315:20)
    gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:275:12)
    gyp ERR! System Linux 5.4.51-v7+
    gyp ERR! command "/usr/bin/node" "/usr/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "configure" "--fallback-to-build" "--module=/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/build/Release/canvas.node" "--module_name=canvas" "--module_path=/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/build/Release" "--napi_version=6" "--node_abi_napi=napi" "--napi_build_version=0" "--node_napi_label=node-v72"
    gyp ERR! cwd /home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas
    gyp ERR! node -v v12.18.4
    gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v5.1.0
    gyp ERR! not ok 
    node-pre-gyp ERR! build error 
    node-pre-gyp ERR! stack Error: Failed to execute '/usr/bin/node /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js configure --fallback-to-build --module=/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/build/Release/canvas.node --module_name=canvas --module_path=/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/build/Release --napi_version=6 --node_abi_napi=napi --napi_build_version=0 --node_napi_label=node-v72' (1)
    node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/node_modules/node-pre-gyp/lib/util/compile.js:83:29)
    node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:315:20)
    node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:1021:16)
    node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:286:5)
    node-pre-gyp ERR! System Linux 5.4.51-v7+
    node-pre-gyp ERR! command "/usr/bin/node" "/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/node_modules/.bin/node-pre-gyp" "install" "--fallback-to-build"
    node-pre-gyp ERR! cwd /home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas
    node-pre-gyp ERR! node -v v12.18.4
    node-pre-gyp ERR! node-pre-gyp -v v0.11.0
    node-pre-gyp ERR! not ok 
    Failed to execute '/usr/bin/node /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js configure --fallback-to-build --module=/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/build/Release/canvas.node --module_name=canvas --module_path=/home/pi/Bots/Discord/Java/node_modules/canvas/build/Release --napi_version=6 --node_abi_napi=napi --napi_build_version=0 --node_napi_label=node-v72' (1)
    npm WARN java@1.0.0 No description
    npm WARN java@1.0.0 No repository field.
    
    npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
    npm ERR! errno 1
    npm ERR! canvas@2.6.1 install: `node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-build`
    npm ERR! Exit status 1
    npm ERR! 
    npm ERR! Failed at the canvas@2.6.1 install script.
    npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.
    
    npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
    npm ERR!     /home/pi/.npm/_logs/2020-10-03T09_17_54_892Z-debug.log

有人知道我为什么会收到此错误吗？我在 Raspberry pi 3B 上使用 Node 12.18.4

感谢您的回答 Tjum28 :)

【问题讨论】：

这种情况只发生在canvas 包上吗？
我也通过 npm 安装了 discord.js
那么，如果你成功安装了discord.js，我想可能是因为canvas 包。正如您在错误中看到的，它正在尝试下载 this，这会返回 404（未找到）错误。
你知道它为什么会失败或者你有其他方法来安装画布吗？

标签： canvas discord.js npm-install

【解决方案1】：

根据node-canvas wiki，您需要从apt安装一些依赖项。

简单运行：

sudo apt-get 更新
sudo apt-get install build-essential libcairo2-dev libpango1.0-dev libjpeg-dev libgif-dev librsvg2-dev

安装这些画布后安装就好了。

【讨论】：