AndroidX 和 FirebaseFirestore 给出 java.lang.RuntimeException

Question

我刚刚开始迁移一个项目以使用 Firebase 和 AndroidX，据我所知，我不得不做一些我不应该做的事情：我不得不降级 google-services 的类路径。

我犯了什么错误导致我不能使用最新版本（4.1.0）？我有一个可以运行的应用程序，所以我并不太难过，我只是想知道我做错了什么！

最新的 4.1.0 版本出现的错误：

09-25 20:54:38.152 5311-5311/com.iainism.joebot E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: com.iainism.joebot, PID: 5311
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate activity ComponentInfo{com.iainism.joebot/com.iainism.joebot.MainActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Default FirebaseApp is not initialized in this process com.iainism.joebot. Make sure to call FirebaseApp.initializeApp(Context) first.
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2121)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2245)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135)
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5017)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:779)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:595)
        at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
     Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Default FirebaseApp is not initialized in this process com.iainism.joebot. Make sure to call FirebaseApp.initializeApp(Context) first.
        at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.getInstance(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.1:219)
        at com.google.firebase.firestore.FirebaseFirestore.getInstance(com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore@@17.0.5:49)
        at com.iainism.joebot.MainActivity.<init>(MainActivity.java:32)
        at java.lang.Class.newInstanceImpl(Native Method)
        at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:1208)
        at android.app.Instrumentation.newActivity(Instrumentation.java:1061)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2112)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2245) 
        at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135) 
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196) 
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136) 
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5017) 
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515) 
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:779) 
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:595) 
        at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 

-- 项目 buidle.gradle:

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.

buildscript {

    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
}
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.3.0-alpha11'
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.0.0'  //4.1.0 Crashes app on start

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

-- app build.gradle:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.iainism.joebot"
        minSdkVersion 19
        targetSdkVersion 28
        multiDexEnabled true
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-core-utils:1.0.0"
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.0.0'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.3'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:17.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.0-alpha4'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0-alpha4'
}

apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

-- MainActivity.java:

package com.iainism.joebot;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnCompleteListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;
import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import com.google.firebase.firestore.DocumentReference;
import com.google.firebase.firestore.FirebaseFirestore;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import androidx.multidex.MultiDex;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String LOG_TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();

    // TODO: Add authentication
    // TODO: Change security rules

    // TODO: Rework content provider to do all CRUD via Firestore

    private DocumentReference mDocRef = FirebaseFirestore.getInstance().document("FirstGo/Test");

    @Override
    protected void attachBaseContext(Context newBase) {
        super.attachBaseContext(newBase);
        MultiDex.install(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // Set-up Toolbar
        Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        // Set-up FAB
        FloatingActionButton floatingActionButton = findViewById(R.id.floating_action_button);

        floatingActionButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Log.d(LOG_TAG, "FAB clicked!");
                // TODO: add proper action
            }
        });

        // Set up Firebase Firestore
        Map<String , Object> cloudData = new HashMap<>();
        cloudData.put("data", "This is a test!");

        mDocRef.set(cloudData).addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) {
               if(task.isSuccessful()) {
                   Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Created Firestore document");
               } else {
                   Log.w(LOG_TAG, "Failed to create Firestore document", task.getException());
               }
            }
        });

        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Reached end of onCreate");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case R.id.action_settings: {
                // TODO: Rebuild settings menu...
                Toast toast = Toast.makeText(this, "You selected Settings", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
                toast.show();
                Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Settings menu selected");
                break;
            }
            // case blocks for other MenuItems (if any)
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

-- 在 gradle.properties 中：

android.useAndroidX = true
android.enableJetifier = true

Answer 1

上面写着：

默认FirebaseApp在这个过程中没有初始化com.iainism.joebot。

请务必先致电FirebaseApp.initializeApp(Context)。

设置private DocumentReference mDocRef = null; ...以便按照上面的说明进行操作：

FirebaseApp.initializeApp(this.getContext());
this.mDocRef = FirebaseFirestore.getInstance().document("FirstGo/Test");

否则，您将在初始化 FirebaseApp 之前访问 FirebaseFirestore。

Answer 2

默认 FirebaseApp 未在此过程中初始化 com.iainism.joebot。一定要打电话 FirebaseApp.initializeApp(Context)先。

classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.0.0'  //4.1.0 Crashes app on start

Multidex 也已启用。我没看到。但是，您可以尝试禁用它，然后使用谷歌服务进行检查（到目前为止的最新版本）：

classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.1.0'

然后调用：

FirebaseApp.initializeApp(MainActivity.this)

并在onCreate() 方法中声明DocumentReference。

Answer 3

即使我在安装最新更新的 Android Studio 3.2 时遇到了这个问题，但 Google 似乎已经在准备新版本的 Android SDK Build-Tools。在今天早上找到并应用此更新后，使用com.google.gms:google-services:4.1.0 时不再存在运行时错误（没有其他更改）。

故事的寓意：尽早放弃并在第二天回来查看解决问题的工具是否在一夜之间修补了某些东西！