使用维基百科转储等链接从文本中提取提及的最佳方法

Question

我从维基百科转储中获得如下数据：

' The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a <a href="chemical%20element">chemical element</a> is the number of <a href="proton">proton</a>s found in the <a href="atomic%20nucleus">nucleus</a> of an <a href="atom">atom</a>.'  
' It is identical to the <a href="charge%20number">charge number</a> of the nucleus.',  
' The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element.'  
' In an <a href="electric%20charge">uncharged</a> atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of <a href="electron">electron</a>s.'

我想从这些句子中提取提及（带有超链接的文本跨度）。预期的输出是：

["chemical element", "proton", "nucleus", "atom"]  
["charge number"],  
[] 
["uncharged", "electron"]

我想知道从文本中提取此类信息的最佳方法是什么。谢谢。

Answer 1

由于您正在处理 HTML，您可以尝试使用 Beautiful Soup 库进行转储。
确切的代码如下所示：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

#Enter the line from dump here

soup = BeautifulSoup(your_string, "html.parser")

# Retrieve all of the anchor tags from the parsed information
tags = soup('a')
for tag in tags:
    print('Contents:{}\n'.format(tag.contents[0]))

Answer 2

您应该能够使用re.findall 捕获这些值：

import re

vals = [
    ' The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a <a href="chemical%20element">chemical element</a> is the number of <a href="proton">proton</a>s found in the <a href="atomic%20nucleus">nucleus</a> of an <a href="atom">atom</a>.',
' It is identical to the <a href="charge%20number">charge number</a> of the nucleus.',  
' The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element.',
' In an <a href="electric%20charge">uncharged</a> atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of <a href="electron">electron</a>s.',
]


for val in vals:
    matches = re.findall('<a[^>]*>([\w\s]+)<\/a>', val)
    print(matches)

查看模式here