如何在 WPF 选项卡控件中创建梯形选项卡？
我想创建类似于 Google Chrome 中的选项卡或 VS 2008 代码编辑器中的选项卡的非矩形选项卡。
可以用 WPF 样式完成还是必须在代码中绘制？
网上有代码示例吗？
编辑：
有很多示例显示如何圆角或更改选项卡的颜色，但我找不到任何更改选项卡几何形状的示例，如以下两个示例：
VS 2008 代码编辑器选项卡
Google Chrome 标签页
这两个示例中的选项卡不是矩形，而是梯形。
【问题讨论】：
标签： wpf xaml tabcontrol
我试图在互联网上为这个问题找到一些控制模板或解决方案，但我没有找到任何“可接受”的解决方案。所以我以我的方式写了它，这是我第一次（也是最后一次=）尝试这样做的一个例子：
<Window x:Class="TabControlTemplate.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:src="clr-namespace:TabControlTemplate"
Title="Window1" Width="600" Height="400">
<Window.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
<GradientStop Color="#FF3164a5" Offset="1"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FF8AAED4" Offset="0"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Window.Background>
<Window.Resources>
<src:ContentToPathConverter x:Key="content2PathConverter"/>
<src:ContentToMarginConverter x:Key="content2MarginConverter"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="BorderBrush" Color="#FFFFFFFF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="HoverBrush" Color="#FFFF4500"/>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="TabControlBackgroundBrush" EndPoint="0.5,0" StartPoint="0.5,1">
<GradientStop Color="#FFa9cde7" Offset="0"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFe7f4fc" Offset="0.3"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFf2fafd" Offset="0.85"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFe4f6fa" Offset="1"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="TabItemPathBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientStop Color="#FF3164a5" Offset="0"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFe4f6fa" Offset="1"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<!-- TabControl style -->
<Style x:Key="TabControlStyle" TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="TabControl">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Border Grid.Row="1" BorderThickness="2,0,2,2" Panel.ZIndex="2" CornerRadius="0,0,2,2"
BorderBrush="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Background="{StaticResource TabControlBackgroundBrush}">
<ContentPresenter ContentSource="SelectedContent"/>
</Border>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Row="0" Panel.ZIndex="1" IsItemsHost="true"/>
<Rectangle Grid.Row="0" Height="2" VerticalAlignment="Bottom"
Fill="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"/>
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!-- TabItem style -->
<Style x:Key="{x:Type TabItem}" TargetType="{x:Type TabItem}">
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="True"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="TabItem">
<Grid x:Name="grd">
<Path x:Name="TabPath" StrokeThickness="2"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent, Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}"
Stroke="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Fill="{StaticResource TabItemPathBrush}">
<Path.Data>
<PathGeometry>
<PathFigure IsClosed="False" StartPoint="1,0"
Segments="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent, Converter={StaticResource content2PathConverter}}">
</PathFigure>
</PathGeometry>
</Path.Data>
<Path.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleY="-1"/>
</Path.LayoutTransform>
</Path>
<Rectangle x:Name="TabItemTopBorder" Height="2" Visibility="Visible"
VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Fill="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent, Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}" />
<ContentPresenter x:Name="TabItemContent" ContentSource="Header"
Margin="10,2,10,2" VerticalAlignment="Center"
TextElement.Foreground="#FF000000"/>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True" SourceName="grd">
<Setter Property="Stroke" Value="{StaticResource HoverBrush}" TargetName="TabPath"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="Selector.IsSelected" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="TabPath">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="#FFe4f6fa"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="BitmapEffect">
<Setter.Value>
<DropShadowBitmapEffect Direction="302" Opacity="0.4"
ShadowDepth="2" Softness="0.5"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="2"/>
<Setter Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" TargetName="TabItemTopBorder"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid Margin="20">
<TabControl Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5" TabStripPlacement="Top"
Style="{StaticResource TabControlStyle}" FontSize="16">
<TabItem Header="MainTab">
<Border Margin="10">
<TextBlock Text="The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."/>
</Border>
</TabItem>
<TabItem Header="VeryVeryLongTab" />
<TabItem Header="Tab" />
</TabControl>
</Grid>
using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Media;
namespace TabControlTemplate
{
public partial class Window1
{
public Window1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
}
public class ContentToMarginConverter: IValueConverter
{
#region IValueConverter Members
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
return new Thickness(0, 0, -((ContentPresenter)value).ActualHeight, 0);
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
#endregion
}
public class ContentToPathConverter: IValueConverter
{
#region IValueConverter Members
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
var ps = new PathSegmentCollection(4);
ContentPresenter cp = (ContentPresenter)value;
double h = cp.ActualHeight > 10 ? 1.4 * cp.ActualHeight : 10;
double w = cp.ActualWidth > 10 ? 1.25 * cp.ActualWidth : 10;
ps.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(1, 0.7 * h), true));
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(1, 0.9 * h), new Point(0.1 * h, h), new Point(0.3 * h, h), true));
ps.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(w, h), true));
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(w + 0.6 * h, h), new Point(w + h, 0), new Point(w + h * 1.3, 0), true));
return ps;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
#endregion
}
}
我编写的这两个转换器是为了根据其内容调整标签大小。实际上，我根据内容大小制作 Path 对象。如果你不需要不同宽度的标签，你可以使用一些修改后的副本：
<Style x:Key="tabPath" TargetType="{x:Type Path}">
<Setter Property="Stroke" Value="Black"/>
<Setter Property="Data">
<Setter.Value>
<PathGeometry Figures="M 0,0 L 0,14 C 0,18 2,20 6,20 L 60,20 C 70,20 80,0 84,0"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
屏幕：
【讨论】：
Path.Data 元素引起的。当我注释掉这个元素时，设计师是稳定的。你知道如何解决这个问题吗？
我知道这是旧的，但我想提议：
XAML：
<Window.Resources>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="trapezoidTab" TargetType="TabItem">
<Grid>
<Polygon Name="Polygon_Part" Points="{Binding TabPolygonPoints}" />
<ContentPresenter Name="TabContent_Part" Margin="{TemplateBinding Margin}" Panel.ZIndex="100" ContentSource="Header" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Stroke" Value="LightGray"/>
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Fill" Value="DimGray" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Fill" Value="Goldenrod" />
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Stroke" Value="LightGray"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="False">
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="90"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="100"/>
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Stroke" Value="LightGray"/>
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Fill" Value="LightSlateGray "/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<!-- Test the tabs-->
<TabControl Name="FruitTab">
<TabItem Header="Apple" Template="{StaticResource trapezoidTab}" />
<TabItem Margin="-8,0,0,0" Header="Grapefruit" Template="{StaticResource trapezoidTab}" />
<TabItem Margin="-16,0,0,0" Header="Pear" Template="{StaticResource trapezoidTab}"/>
</TabControl>
视图模型：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Media;
namespace TrapezoidTab
{
public class TabHeaderViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private string _tabHeaderText;
private List<Point> _polygonPoints;
private PointCollection _pointCollection;
public TabHeaderViewModel(string tabHeaderText)
{
_tabHeaderText = tabHeaderText;
TabPolygonPoints = GenPolygon();
}
public PointCollection TabPolygonPoints
{
get { return _pointCollection; }
set
{
_pointCollection = value;
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("TabPolygonPoints"));
}
}
public string TabHeaderText
{
get { return _tabHeaderText; }
set
{
_tabHeaderText = value;
TabPolygonPoints = GenPolygon();
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("TabHeaderText"));
}
}
private PointCollection GenPolygon()
{
var w = new FormattedText(_tabHeaderText, CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("en-us"), FlowDirection.LeftToRight, new Typeface("Tahoma"), 12, Brushes.Black);
var width = w.Width + 30;
_polygonPoints = new List<Point>(4);
_pointCollection = new PointCollection(4);
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(2, 21));
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(10, 2));
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(width, 2));
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(width + 8, 21));
foreach (var point in _polygonPoints)
_pointCollection.Add(point);
return _pointCollection;
}
}
}
主要：
namespace TrapezoidTab
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
foreach (var obj in FruitTab.Items)
{
var tab = obj as TabItem;
if (tab == null) continue;
tab.DataContext = new TabHeaderViewModel(tab.Header.ToString());
}
}
}
}
【讨论】：
注意：这只是 rooks 出色答案的附录。
虽然 rooks 的解决方案在运行时对我来说运行良好，但在 VS2010 WPF 设计器界面中打开 MainWindow 时遇到了一些问题：设计器抛出异常并且没有显示窗口。此外，TabControl.xaml 中 TabItem 的整个 ControlTemplate 有一条蓝色曲线，并且工具提示告诉我发生了 NullReferenceException。将相关代码移动到我的应用程序中时，我也有同样的行为。问题出在两台不同的机器上，所以我认为这与我的安装问题无关。
如果有人遇到同样的问题，我已经找到了一个修复方法，以便该示例现在可以在运行时和设计器中运行：
首先：在 TabControl-XAML 代码中替换 ...
<Path x:Name="TabPath" StrokeThickness="2"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}"
Stroke="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Fill="{StaticResource TabItemPathBrush}">
<Path.Data>
<PathGeometry>
<PathFigure IsClosed="False" StartPoint="1,0"
Segments="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2PathConverter}}">
</PathFigure>
</PathGeometry>
</Path.Data>
<Path.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleY="-1"/>
</Path.LayoutTransform>
</Path>
...通过...
<Path x:Name="TabPath" StrokeThickness="2"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}"
Stroke="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Fill="{StaticResource TabItemPathBrush}"
Data="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2PathConverter}}">
<Path.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleY="-1"/>
</Path.LayoutTransform>
</Path>
第二次：替换在ContentToPathConverter类的Convert方法末尾...
return ps;
...通过...
PathFigure figure = new PathFigure(new Point(1, 0), ps, false);
PathGeometry geometry = new PathGeometry();
geometry.Figures.Add(figure);
return geometry;
我无法解释为什么这在设计器中运行稳定，但不是 rooks 的原始代码。
【讨论】：
<Grid>
<Grid.Resources>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
<Setter Property="ItemContainerStyle">
<Setter.Value>
<Style>
<Setter Property="Control.Height" Value="20"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Control.Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type TabItem}">
<Grid Margin="0 0 -10 0">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="10">
</ColumnDefinition>
<ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
<ColumnDefinition Width="10"></ColumnDefinition>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Path Data="M10 0 L 0 20 L 10 20 " Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Stroke="Black"></Path>
<Rectangle Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Grid.Column="1"></Rectangle>
<Rectangle VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="1" Fill="Black" Grid.Column="1"></Rectangle>
<Rectangle VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Height="1" Fill="Black" Grid.Column="1"></Rectangle>
<ContentPresenter Grid.Column="1" ContentSource="Header" />
<Path Data="M0 20 L 10 20 L0 0" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Grid.Column="2" Stroke="Black"></Path>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Trigger.Setters>
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Beige"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="1"></Setter>
</Trigger.Setters>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="False">
<Trigger.Setters>
<Setter Property="Background" Value="LightGray"></Setter>
</Trigger.Setters>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Grid.Resources>
<TabControl>
<TabItem Header="One" ></TabItem>
<TabItem Header="Two" ></TabItem>
<TabItem Header="Three" ></TabItem>
</TabControl>
</Grid>
【讨论】：
我刚刚为 WPF 完成了一个类似于 Google Chrome 的选项卡控件。您可以在https://github.com/realistschuckle/wpfchrometabs 找到该项目，并在
上发布描述它的博客文章希望能帮助您更好地了解从头开始构建自定义选项卡控件。
【讨论】：
要倾斜左右标签边缘，这里是将Slauma's enhancement修改为rook's accepted answer。这是 ContentToPathConverter 类的 Convert 方法的替换：
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
var ps = new PathSegmentCollection(4);
ContentPresenter cp = (ContentPresenter)value;
double h = cp.ActualHeight > 10 ? 1.4 * cp.ActualHeight : 10;
double w = cp.ActualWidth > 10 ? 1.25 * cp.ActualWidth : 10;
// Smaller unit, so don't need fractional multipliers.
double u = 0.1 * h;
// HACK: Start before "normal" start of tab.
double x0 = -4 * u;
// end of transition
double x9 = w + 8 * u;
// transition width
double tw = 8 * u;
// top "radius" (actually, gradualness of curve. Larger value is more rounded.)
double rt = 5 * u;
// bottom "radius" (actually, gradualness of curve. Larger value is more rounded.)
double rb = 3 * u;
// "(x0, 0)" is start point - defined in PathFigure.
// Cubic: From previous endpoint, 2 control points + new endpoint.
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(x0 + rb, 0), new Point(x0 + tw - rt, h), new Point(x0 + tw, h), true));
ps.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(x9 - tw, h), true));
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(x9 - tw + rt, h), new Point(x9 - rb, 0), new Point(x9, 0), true));
// "(x0, 0)" is start point.
PathFigure figure = new PathFigure(new Point(x0, 0), ps, false);
PathGeometry geometry = new PathGeometry();
geometry.Figures.Add(figure);
return geometry;
}
同样在 TabControl 的 ControlTemplate 中，为选项卡项的容器添加左边距（也可以选择右边距）（唯一的变化是添加了Margin="20,0,20,0"）：
<Style x:Key="TabControlStyle" TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
...
<Setter Property="Template">
...
<StackPanel Grid.Row="0" Panel.ZIndex="1" Orientation="Horizontal" IsItemsHost="true" Margin="20,0,20,0"/>
问题：选项卡左边缘底部有轻微的视觉“故障”，当它不是选定的选项卡时。我认为这与在选项卡区域开始之前开始“倒退”有关。或者与在选项卡底部绘制线条有关（不知道我们在选项卡“正常”矩形的左边缘之前开始）。
【讨论】：
是的，您可以这样做——基本上您所要做的就是制作一个自定义控件模板。查看 http://www.switchonthecode.com/tutorials/the-wpf-tab-control-inside-and-out
(Dead link. WaybackMachine redirects here)
教程。只需在谷歌上搜索“wpf”“tabcontrol”“shape”就会出现结果页面。
我自己没有尝试过，但是您应该可以将模板中的标签替换为标签以获得您想要的形状。
【讨论】：