当我使用 Google Maps SDK 时，我试图在 iOS 上获取两个位置之间的行车方向。我知道我们可以使用两种方法来做到这一点：-
1.) 使用 URL Scheme，为此必须在您的设备上安装 Google Maps App。
2.) 使用 Directions API，通过请求-响应，然后解析 JSON。显示标记以显示方向。
现在，我的问题是我可以通过其他方式在 iOS 上执行此操作吗？我需要显示从我当前位置到我有纬度/经度的特定位置的方向。
我的意思是真的不能简单地传递 2 个位置作为参数和 Google Maps SDK，会给我指示吗？
谢谢，
【问题讨论】：
标签： ios xcode google-maps cocoa-touch google-maps-sdk-ios
NSString *urlString = [NSString stringWithFormat:
@"%@?origin=%f,%f&destination=%f,%f&sensor=true&key=%@",
@"https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json",
mapView.myLocation.coordinate.latitude,
mapView.myLocation.coordinate.longitude,
destLatitude,
destLongitude,
@"Your Google Api Key String"];
NSURL *directionsURL = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];
ASIHTTPRequest *request = [ASIHTTPRequest requestWithURL:directionsURL];
[request startSynchronous];
NSError *error = [request error];
if (!error) {
NSString *response = [request responseString];
NSLog(@"%@",response);
NSDictionary *json =[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:[request responseData] options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:&error];
GMSPath *path =[GMSPath pathFromEncodedPath:json[@"routes"][0][@"overview_polyline"][@"points"]];
GMSPolyline *singleLine = [GMSPolyline polylineWithPath:path];
singleLine.strokeWidth = 7;
singleLine.strokeColor = [UIColor greenColor];
singleLine.map = self.mapView;
}
else NSLog(@"%@",[request error]);
注意：确保在您的 google 开发者控制台中启用您的 Google Direction API Sdk。
【讨论】：
听起来您正在寻找像谷歌地图应用程序一样用于显示路线的 UI Chrome。适用于 iOS 的 Google Maps SDK 将为您绘制地图，但您需要负责额外的导航镶边。
您可以使用Google Directions API 请求路线，然后使用从服务返回的编码路径使用GMSPath's pathFromEncodedPath: 方法绘制GMSPolyline。
【讨论】：
这些线显示给定纬度/经度与用户位置之间的位置；
NSString *googleMapUrlString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://maps.google.com/?saddr=%f,%f&daddr=%@,%@", mapView.userLocation.coordinate.latitude, mapView.userLocation.coordinate.longitude, destinationLatitude, destinationLongtitude];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:googleMapUrlString]];
【讨论】：
Swift 3.0 和 XCode 8.0 使用 AFNetworking 和 SwiftJson
let destLatitude="26.9124"
let destLongitude="75.7873"
mapView.isMyLocationEnabled = true
var urlString = "\("https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json")?origin=\("28.7041"),\("77.1025")&destination=\(destLatitude),\(destLongitude)&sensor=true&key=\("Your-Api-key")"
urlString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding( withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!
let manager=AFHTTPRequestOperationManager()
manager.responseSerializer = AFJSONResponseSerializer(readingOptions: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments) as AFJSONResponseSerializer
manager.requestSerializer = AFJSONRequestSerializer() as AFJSONRequestSerializer
manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = NSSet(objects:"application/json", "text/html", "text/plain", "text/json", "text/javascript", "audio/wav") as Set<NSObject>
manager.post(urlString, parameters: nil, constructingBodyWith: { (formdata:AFMultipartFormData!) -> Void in
}, success: { operation, response -> Void in
//{"responseString" : "Success","result" : {"userId" : "4"},"errorCode" : 1}
//if(response != nil){
let parsedData = JSON(response)
print_debug("parsedData : \(parsedData)")
var path = GMSPath.init(fromEncodedPath: parsedData["routes"][0]["overview_polyline"]["points"].string!)
//GMSPath.fromEncodedPath(parsedData["routes"][0]["overview_polyline"]["points"].string!)
var singleLine = GMSPolyline.init(path: path)
singleLine.strokeWidth = 7
singleLine.strokeColor = UIColor.green
singleLine.map = self.mapView
//let loginResponeObj=LoginRespone.init(fromJson: parsedData)
// }
}, failure: { operation, error -> Void in
print_debug(error)
let errorDict = NSMutableDictionary()
errorDict.setObject(ErrorCodes.errorCodeFailed.rawValue, forKey: ServiceKeys.keyErrorCode.rawValue as NSCopying)
errorDict.setObject(ErrorMessages.errorTryAgain.rawValue, forKey: ServiceKeys.keyErrorMessage.rawValue as NSCopying)
})
【讨论】：
Swift 4.1，Xcode 9.4.1
//Here you need to set your origin and destination points and mode
let url = NSURL(string: "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?origin=Machilipatnam&destination=Vijayawada&mode=driving")
//OR if you want to use latitude and longitude for source and destination
//let url = NSURL(string: "\("https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json")?origin=\("17.521100"),\("78.452854")&destination=\("15.1393932"),\("76.9214428")")
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url! as URL) { (data, response, error) -> Void in
do {
if data != nil {
let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.mutableLeaves) as! [String:AnyObject]
// print(dic)
let status = dic["status"] as! String
var routesArray:String!
if status == "OK" {
routesArray = (((dic["routes"]!as! [Any])[0] as! [String:Any])["overview_polyline"] as! [String:Any])["points"] as! String
// print("routesArray: \(String(describing: routesArray))")
}
DispatchQueue.main.async {
let path = GMSPath.init(fromEncodedPath: routesArray!)
let singleLine = GMSPolyline.init(path: path)
singleLine.strokeWidth = 6.0
singleLine.strokeColor = .blue
singleLine.map = mapView
}
}
} catch {
print("Error")
}
}
task.resume()
在这里，你需要将你的key（google api key）添加到上面的API中。
【讨论】：
GMSPath 部分非常有帮助——不过请注意：我不建议强制展开，而是定义一个包含尽可能多字段的可编码结构（也许你也想解析路线的步骤？）然后让JSONDecoder 尝试为您从响应中解码对象。使用 Moya / Alamofire 时特别容易。
我已经这样做了，因为它还在地图上用 DIRECTION ROUTE 显示 PINS DISTANCE AND DURATION。但不要忘记在您的 GOOGLE 开发者控制台
中将您的 GOOGLE DIRECTION API 设置为启用AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
[manager.requestSerializer setCachePolicy:NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData];
NSString *urlString =@"https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json";
NSDictionary *dictParameters = @{@"origin" : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",_sourceAdd], @"destination" : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",_destinationAdd], @"mode" : @"driving", @"key":@"AIzaSyD9cWTQkAxemELVXTNUCALOmzlDv5b9Dhg"};
[manager GET:urlString parameters:dictParameters success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
GMSPath *path =[GMSPath pathFromEncodedPath:responseObject[@"routes"][0][@"overview_polyline"][@"points"]];
NSDictionary *arr=responseObject[@"routes"][0][@"legs"];
NSMutableArray *loc=[[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
loc=[[arr valueForKey:@"start_location"]valueForKey:@"lat"];
_sourceloc.latitude=[loc[0] doubleValue];
loc=[[arr valueForKey:@"start_location"]valueForKey:@"lng"];
_sourceloc.longitude=[loc[0] doubleValue];
loc=[[arr valueForKey:@"end_location"]valueForKey:@"lat"];
_destinationloc.latitude=[loc[0] doubleValue];
loc=[[arr valueForKey:@"end_location"]valueForKey:@"lng"];
_destinationloc.longitude=[loc[0] doubleValue];
NSString *dis,*dur;
loc=[[arr valueForKey:@"distance"]valueForKey:@"text"];
dis=loc[0];
loc=[[arr valueForKey:@"duration"]valueForKey:@"text"];
dur=loc[0];
NSString *sa,*da;
loc=[arr valueForKey:@"start_address"];
sa=loc[0];
loc=[arr valueForKey:@"end_address"];
da=loc[0];
UIAlertView *av=[[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"Route Info" message:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Distance:%@ \nDuration:%@",dis,dur] delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"Okay" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];
[av show];
GMSCameraPosition *camera = [GMSCameraPosition cameraWithLatitude:_sourceloc.latitude longitude:_sourceloc.longitude zoom:10];
mapView = [GMSMapView mapWithFrame:CGRectZero camera:camera];
GMSMarker *marker = [GMSMarker markerWithPosition:_sourceloc];
marker.title=@"Source";
marker.snippet =sa;
marker.appearAnimation = kGMSMarkerAnimationPop;
marker.map = mapView;
GMSMarker *marker2 = [GMSMarker markerWithPosition:_destinationloc];
marker2.title=@"Destination";
marker2.snippet =da;
marker2.appearAnimation = kGMSMarkerAnimationPop;
marker2.map = mapView;
GMSPolyline *singleLine = [GMSPolyline polylineWithPath:path];
singleLine.strokeWidth = 4;
singleLine.strokeColor = [UIColor blueColor];
singleLine.map = mapView;
self.view = mapView;
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];
【讨论】：
使用 Swift 我肯定以这种方式解决了。
我的目的是找到两个坐标之间的距离：
import AFNetworking
/**
Calculate distance between two valid coordinates
- parameter origin: origin coordinates
- parameter destination: destination coordinates
- parameter completion: completion callback
*/
func calculateDistance(origin origin: CLLocation, destination: CLLocation, completion: (distance: Double?) -> Void) {
let service = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json"
let originLat = origin.coordinate.latitude
let originLong = origin.coordinate.longitude
let destLat = destination.coordinate.latitude
let destLong = destination.coordinate.longitude
let urlString = "\(service)?origin=\(originLat),\(originLong)&destination=\(destLat),\(destLong)&mode=driving&units=metric&sensor=true&key=<YOUR_KEY>"
let directionsURL = NSURL(string: urlString)
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: directionsURL!)
request.HTTPMethod = "GET"
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
let operation = AFHTTPRequestOperation(request: request)
operation.responseSerializer = AFJSONResponseSerializer()
operation.setCompletionBlockWithSuccess({ (operation: AFHTTPRequestOperation!, responseObject: AnyObject!) -> Void in
if let result = responseObject as? NSDictionary {
if let routes = result["routes"] as? [NSDictionary] {
if let lines = routes[0]["overview_polyline"] as? NSDictionary {
if let points = lines["points"] as? String {
let path = GMSPath(fromEncodedPath: points)
let distance = GMSGeometryLength(path)
print("wow \(distance / 1000) KM")
}
}
}
}
}) { (operation: AFHTTPRequestOperation!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
print("\(error)")
}
operation.start()
}
【讨论】：
(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
GMSCameraPosition *camera = [GMSCameraPosition cameraWithLatitude:30.692408
longitude:76.767556
zoom:14];
GMSMapView *mapView = [GMSMapView mapWithFrame:CGRectZero camera:camera];
mapView.myLocationEnabled = YES;
// Creates markers in the center of the map.
GMSMarker *marker = [[GMSMarker alloc] init];
marker.position = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(30.6936659, 76.77201819999999);
marker.title = @"Chandigarh 47c";
marker.snippet = @"Hello World";
marker.map = mapView;
GMSMarker *marker1 = [[GMSMarker alloc] init];
marker1.position = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(30.742138, 76.818756);
marker1.title = @"Sukhna Lake";
marker1.map = mapView;
//creating a path
GMSMutablePath *path = [GMSMutablePath path];
[path addCoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(@(30.6936659).doubleValue,@(76.77201819999999).doubleValue)];
[path addCoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(@(30.742138).doubleValue,@(76.818756).doubleValue)];
GMSPolyline *rectangle = [GMSPolyline polylineWithPath:path];
rectangle.strokeWidth = 2.f;
rectangle.map = mapView;
self.view=mapView;
}
【讨论】：
如果有人想从路线数组中解析距离，那么以下是快速获取距离的方法 4/5
let distance = responseJSON["routes"][0]["legs"][0]["distance"]["text"]
【讨论】：
正如@iOS 所建议的，我还将发布我的答案，向您展示如何使用 Codable 和 Alamofire/Moya 来完成它。
为此，您必须改造 GoogleMaps 响应实体，如下所示：
/// Struct for modelling a response from the Google Maps Directions API. This is the "root level"
struct GMSDirectionsResponse: Codable {
/// The suggested routes
let routes: [GMSRoute]
/// Status telling if request was okay
let status: String
}
/// Struct for modelling a Route suggested by GoogleMaps Directions API.
struct GMSRoute: Codable {
/// Represents an area in the map
struct Bounds: Codable {
// You can omit these structs for your case.
// Just to give an idea how it would look like if you model the entire response
// ...
}
struct Leg: Codable {
// ...
}
/// A single step of a route
struct Step: Codable {
// ...
}
/// Structure around the coded representation of the GMSPath
struct OverviewPolyline: Codable {
/// A coded representation of the GMSPath
let points: String
}
/// The bounds to show on the map to include the whole route
let bounds: Bounds?
/// All legs of this route, including the single steps
let legs: [Leg]?
/// The path to walk/drive/etc. this route
let overview_polyline: OverviewPolyline?
/// A textual summary of the most important roads to take
let summary: String?
}
您可以看到响应对象如何由路由数组和状态字符串组成（例如"OK"）。每条路由又有几个属性，包括overview_polyline 字段。为了能够通过 JSONDecoder 解码该对象，您还需要对该类进行建模（它只包含键 points 的字符串值。
现在，如果您只需要 overview_polyline，则可以忽略所有其他不需要的属性和结构，只要您仍然对响应的层次结构进行建模（例如 GMSDirectionsResponse > GMSRoute > OverviewPolyline > points）。
您现在可以做的是让JSONDecoder 用一行代码从正文数据中解码GMSDirectionsResponse！在我的项目中，我使用了Moya，但我相信您也可以使用URLSession 的data 对象。
// let moya do request
let moya = MoyaProvider<YourGMSService>()
moya.request(.getDirections(origin: origin, destination: destination)) { (result) in
switch result {
case .success(let response):
// check if request was successful
if
// makes sure status is code is 2xx
(try? response.filterSuccessfulStatusCodes()) != nil,
// this line tries to decode a GMSDirectionsResponse object from response.data
let directions = try? JSONDecoder().decode(GMSDirectionsResponse.self, from: response.data)
{
// successful request, converted response to JSON Dictionary
NSLog("GET DIRECTIONS: Success")
// here we can check for the directions properites already!
NSLog("GoogleMaps Directions request finished with status %@", directions.status)
// check if we have at least one GMSRoute with an overview_polyline
guard let encodedPath = directions.routes.first?.overview_polyline else { return }
// now let's use the encoded path:
DispatchQueue.main.async {
let path = GMSPath.init(fromEncodedPath: encodedPath.points)
// continue as in other answers (Y)
let singleLine = GMSPolyline.init(path: path)
singleLine.strokeWidth = 6.0
singleLine.strokeColor = .blue
singleLine.map = mapView
}
return
}
// some error handling if we couldn't parse the data to a GMSDirectionsResponse object
NSLog("Could not parse JSON from Directions API Response:\n%@", response.debugDescription)
case .failure(let error):
// we had an error
NSLog(error.localizedDescription)
}
// log and complete with nil
NSLog("GET DIRECTIONS: Failed")
}
这可能看起来像一大堆代码，但它非常方便，它可以让您避免弄乱 JSON 下标成员和大量 [] 大括号。 ?
如果您有任何问题，我很乐意为您提供帮助！
【讨论】：
在谷歌开发者控制台中创建一个密钥，确保你的项目是使用 App bundleID 创建的，然后添加以下代码
NSString *KEY=@"";
NSString *Origin=@"";
NSString *Destination=@"";
NSString *str_maps=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?origin=%@&destination=%@&key=%@",Origin,Destination,KEY];
NSURL *url=[NSURL URLWithString:str_maps];
NSData *dta=[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];
NSDictionary *dict=(NSDictionary *)[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:dta options:kNilOptions error:nil];
NSLog(@"%@",dict);
【讨论】：