嵌套资源中缺少路由参数答案

【问题标题】：Missing route parameter in nested resource嵌套资源中缺少路由参数
【发布时间】：2015-06-28 16:17:09
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在我的路由文件中包含一个资源，该资源通过 URL customers/1/addresses 显示客户的地址。

这是用以下路线代码构造的：

resources :customers do
   resources :addresses
end

但是，当我访问 URL customers/1/addresses 时，我抛出了一个异常

找不到具有 'id'= 的客户

此错误是由以下原因引起的：

def set_customer
   @customer = Customer.find(params[:id])
end

现在，这是因为在客户控制器上运行 :show 操作之前，它调用了 set_customer 操作。

如何只在/customer/:customer_id: 路由上运行set_customer？

并在/customer/:customer_id:/addresses/ 路由上排除set_customer？

编辑应要求完整堆栈跟踪

activerecord (4.2.1) lib/active_record/core.rb:155:in `find'
app/controllers/customers_controller.rb:67:in `set_customer'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:432:in `block in make_lambda'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:145:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:145:in `block in halting_and_conditional'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `each'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `_run_callbacks'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:776:in `_run_process_action_callbacks'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:32:in `block in process_action'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action'
activerecord (4.2.1) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:137:in `process'
actionview (4.2.1) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:196:in `dispatch'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:237:in `block in action'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:74:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:74:in `dispatch'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:43:in `serve'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:43:in `block in serve'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `each'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `serve'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:819:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/etag.rb:24:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:25:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/head.rb:13:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:260:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:560:in `call'
activerecord (4.2.1) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:36:in `call'
activerecord (4.2.1) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:649:in `call'
activerecord (4.2.1) lib/active_record/migration.rb:378:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `_run_callbacks'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:776:in `_run_call_callbacks'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:73:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call'
web-console (2.1.3) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:37:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
railties (4.2.1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
railties (4.2.1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
railties (4.2.1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.1) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:113:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:113:in `call'
railties (4.2.1) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call'
railties (4.2.1) lib/rails/application.rb:164:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/content_length.rb:15:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:88:in `service'
/Users/xavier/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/2.2.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
/Users/xavier/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/2.2.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
/Users/xavier/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/2.2.0/webrick/server.rb:294:in `block in start_thread'

编辑customers_controller.rb

class CustomersController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_customer, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /customers
  # GET /customers.json
  def index
    @customers = Customer.all
  end

  # GET /customers/1
  # GET /customers/1.json
  def show
  end

  # GET /customers/new
  def new
    @customer = Customer.new
  end

  # GET /customers/1/edit
  def edit
  end

  # POST /customers
  # POST /customers.json
  def create
    @customer = Customer.new(customer_params)

    respond_to do |format|
      if @customer.save
        format.html { redirect_to @customer, notice: 'Customer was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @customer }
      else
        format.html { render :new }
        format.json { render json: @customer.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # PATCH/PUT /customers/1
  # PATCH/PUT /customers/1.json
  def update
    respond_to do |format|
      if @customer.update(customer_params)
        format.html { redirect_to @customer, notice: 'Customer was successfully updated.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @customer }
      else
        format.html { render :edit }
        format.json { render json: @customer.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # DELETE /customers/1
  # DELETE /customers/1.json
  def destroy
    @customer.destroy
    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { redirect_to customers_url, notice: 'Customer was successfully destroyed.' }
      format.json { head :no_content }
    end
  end

  private
    # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
    def set_customer
      @customer = Customer.find(params[:id])
    end

    # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
    def customer_params
      params.require(:customer).permit(:first_name, :middle_name, :last_name, :cyrillic_first_name, :cyrillic_middle_name, :cyrillic_last_name, :email_address, :hashed_password, allergen_ids: [])
    end
end

编辑地址控制器

class AddressesController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_address, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /addresses
  # GET /addresses.json
  def index
    @addresses = Address.all
  end

  # GET /addresses/1
  # GET /addresses/1.json
  def show
  end

  # GET /addresses/new
  def new
    @address = Address.new
  end

  # GET /addresses/1/edit
  def edit
  end

  # POST /addresses
  # POST /addresses.json
  def create
    @address = Address.new(address_params)

    respond_to do |format|
      if @address.save
        format.html { redirect_to @address, notice: 'Address was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @address }
      else
        format.html { render :new }
        format.json { render json: @address.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # PATCH/PUT /addresses/1
  # PATCH/PUT /addresses/1.json
  def update
    respond_to do |format|
      if @address.update(address_params)
        format.html { redirect_to @address, notice: 'Address was successfully updated.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @address }
      else
        format.html { render :edit }
        format.json { render json: @address.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # DELETE /addresses/1
  # DELETE /addresses/1.json
  def destroy
    @address.destroy
    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { redirect_to addresses_url, notice: 'Address was successfully destroyed.' }
      format.json { head :no_content }
    end
  end

  private
    # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
    def set_address
      @address = Address.find(params[:id])
    end

    # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
    def address_params
      params[:address]
    end
end

【问题讨论】：

如果你的路由指向/customers/1/addressesAddressesController，那么你的CustomersController 中的任何内容都不会被调用。那个 sn-p 在哪个控制器中？你能发布更多的控制器和你的路由文件吗？
@Kristján 很抱歉，为了清楚起见，我重新写了这个问题，你能重新阅读并告诉我你的想法吗？
你能发布完整的错误堆栈跟踪吗？
@Pavan 它已发布在问题中。
请发帖AddressesController - 它是否在做一些令人惊讶的事情，比如从CustomersController继承？

标签： ruby-on-rails routes

【解决方案1】：

当您访问/customers/:id 路径时，set_customer 可以使用params[:id] 完成其工作，但在/customers/:customer_id/addresses，任何:id 都是Address ID。鉴于您到目前为止发布的代码，我不确定为什么 set_customer 正在运行，但将其更新为

Customer.find(params[:customer_id] || params[:id])

将让它适用于两种情况。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

如何只在 /customer/:customer_id: 路由上运行 set_customer？

/customers/:customer_id: 怎么可能？你只会得到customer_id，如果它后面跟着addresses/:id，就像：

/customers/:customer_id/addresses/
/customers/:customer_id/addresses/new
/customers/:customer_id/addresses/:id/edit

这实际上对应于AddressesController 中的show 操作。

并排除 /customer/:customer_id:/addresses/ 路由上的 set_customer？

【讨论】：