python 3错误RuntimeError：super（）：没有参数

Question

为什么会出现此错误？有人可以为我解决这个问题吗？我试图从Progress.display() 的类项目中调用显示函数，或者任何人有其他关于如何显示用户输入的解决方案？

如何同时输入 Stages 类和 Progress 类？感谢您的帮助p

super().display()
RuntimeError: super(): no arguments

这是代码

class Project:
    def __init__(self, name="", job="", **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.name = name
        self.job = job

    def display():
        print("name: ", (self.name))
        print("job: ", (self.job))

    @staticmethod
    def prompt_init():
        return dict(name=input("name: "), job=input("job: "))


class Stages(Project):
    def __init__(self, stages="", **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.stages = stages

    def display(self):
        super().display()
        print("stages: ", (self.stages))

    @staticmethod
    def prompt_init():
        parent_init = Project.prompt_init()

        choice = None
        while choice not in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6):

            print("Insert your stage now: ")
            print("1. Planning")
            print("2. Analysis")
            print("3. Design")
            print("4. Implementation")
            print("5. Testing")
            print("6. Release")

            choice = input("enter your choice: ")
            choice = int(choice)

            if choice == 1:
                stages = "Planning"
            elif choice == 2:
                stages = "Analysis"
            elif choice == 3:
                stages = "Design"
            elif choice == 4:
                stages = "Implementation"
            elif choice == 5:
                stages = "Testing"
            elif choice == 6:
                stages = "Release"
            else:
                print("no such input, please try again")

            print(name)
            print(stages)


class Progress(Project):
    def __init__(self, progress="", **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.progress = progress

    def display(self):
        super().display()
        print("progress: ", (self.progress))

    @staticmethod
    def prompt_init():
        parent_init = Project.prompt_init()

        choice = None
        while choice not in (1, 2, 3, 4):

            print("1. 25%")
            print("2. 50%")
            print("3. 75%")
            print("4. 100%")

            choice = input("enter your choice[1-4]: ")
            choice = int(choice)

            if choice == 1:
                progress = "25%"
            elif choice == 2:
                progress = "50%"
            elif choice == 3:
                progress = "75%"
            elif choice == 4:
                progress = "100%"
            else:
                print("no such input, please try again")

            print(progress)
        parent_init.update({"progress": progress})
        return parent_init


class A(Stages, Progress):
    def prompt_init():
        init = Stages.prompt_init()
        init.update(Progress.prompt_init())
        return init

    prompt_init = staticmethod(prompt_init)


class New:
    type_map = {("stages", "progress"): A}

    def add_project_test(self, name, job, stages):
        init_args = Project.prompt_init()
        self.project_list.append(Project(**init_args))

    def __init__(self):
        self.project_list = []

    def display_project():
        for project in self.project_list:
            project.display()
            print()

    def add_progress(self):
        init_args = Progress.prompt_init()
        self.project_list.append(Progress(**init_args))

    def add_project(self):
        ProjectClass = self.type_map[A]
        init_args = ProjectClass.prompt_init()
        self.property_list.append(ProjectClass(**init_args))


my_list = New()
my_list.add_progress()
my_list.display_project()

Answer 1

不是 100% 的答案，而是同样的错误。怀着对与我有同样问题的 Google 员工的热爱发布。

使用 Python 3，我收到此错误，因为我忘记在方法中包含 self。简单的事情，但有时最简单的事情会在您疲倦时绊倒您。

class foo(object):
    def bar(*args):
        super().bar(*args)

=> RuntimeError: super(): no arguments

记得添加你的self

class foo(object):
    def bar(self, *args):
        super().bar(*args)

Answer 2

不是这个问题的真正答案，但我在 pdb shell 中尝试调用 super 时遇到了同样的错误，最终陷入了一个兔子洞试图找出答案。您需要将要调用 super on 和 self 的父类添加到调用中，以便它在 pdb 中运行 - super(<ParentClass>, self)。或者至少只知道super 在 pdb 中不会按预期工作。我真的需要在那里调用它，但它阻止了我弄清楚为什么其他东西不起作用。

Answer 3

每次在方法中使用super()，都需要在实例方法或类方法中。你的staticmethods 不知道他们的超类是什么。观察：

class Funky:
    def groove(self):
        print("Smooth")

    @staticmethod
    def fail():
        print("Ouch!")

    @classmethod
    def wail(cls):
        print("Whee!")


class Donkey(Funky):
    def groove(self):
        print(super())

    @staticmethod
    def fail():
        try:
            print(super())
        except RuntimeError as e:
            print("Oh no! There was a problem with super!")
            print(e)

    @classmethod
    def wail(cls):
        print(super())


a_donkey = Donkey()
a_donkey.groove()
a_donkey.fail()
a_donkey.wail()

输出：

<super: <class 'Donkey'>, <Donkey object>>
Oh no! There was a problem with super!
super(): no arguments
<super: <class 'Donkey'>, <Donkey object>>

这是您的代码，经过调试并带有一些额外的功能和测试：

class Project:
    def __init__(self, name="", job="", **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.name = name
        self.job = job

    def display(self):
        print("name: ", self.name)
        print("job: ", self.job)

    @staticmethod
    def prompt_init():
        return dict(name=input("name: "), job=input("job: "))


class Progress(Project):
    def __init__(self, progress="", **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.progress = progress

    def display(self):
        super().display()
        print("progress: ", self.progress)

    @staticmethod
    def prompt_init():
        parent_init = Project.prompt_init()
        progress = input("your progress: ")
        parent_init.update({
            "progress": progress
        })
        return parent_init


class New:
    def __init__(self):
        self.project_list = []

    def display_project(self):
        for project in self.project_list:
            project.display()
            print()

    def add_project(self):
        init_args = Project.prompt_init()
        self.project_list.append(Project(**init_args))

    def add_progress(self):
        init_args = Progress.prompt_init()
        self.project_list.append(Progress(**init_args))


my_list = New()
my_list.add_project()
my_list.add_progress()
my_list.display_project()

Answer 4

您可能根本不必使用super()，只需直接引用超类即可。例如，我正在编写一个像this one 这样的Django 测试，但在我的例子中，AnimalTestCase 继承了ParentTestCase。我希望 AnimalTestCase 中的 fixture 属性使用 ParentTestCase 中的所有相同装置，并添加更多。但是打电话给super() 从来没有奏效。最后，我意识到我可以照原样引用ParentTestCase。

fixtures = ParentTestCase.fixtures + ['more']

class ParentTestCase(TestCase):
    fixtures = ['bacteria', 'fungus', 'stalagtites', 'stalagmites']

    def setUp(self):
        # Test definitions as before.
        call_setup_methods()


class AnimalTestCase(ParentTestCase):
    fixtures = ParentTestCase.fixtures + ['vertebrata', 'invertebrate']

    def test_fluffy_animals(self):
        # A test that uses the fixtures.
        call_some_test_code()