用户创建的实例

Question

我正在尝试完成一项有关 Python 类的家庭作业，该类有一些要求： 您的程序将提示用户为每种类型（汽车和皮卡）创建至少一个对象。使用菜单系统并捕获用户输入，您的程序将允许用户选择添加汽车或皮卡车并定义车辆的属性。该程序将使用用户输入来定义车辆的属性。

父类中的 options 属性必须是一个 python 列表，其中至少包含所有车辆共有的八 (8) 个选项。

用户将从选项列表中进行选择以添加到车辆的选项列表中，并且必须为每辆车选择至少一个车辆选项。当用户完成将车辆添加到他们的虚拟车库时，程序将输出他们车库中的车辆及其属性。

我还没有开始创建子类，因为我想在添加更多之前确保父类按需要工作。

我的程序可以运行，但我必须手动创建实例。

我的问题是，如何制作用户输入的实例以便重复输入？

class Vehicle:

    def __init__(self, make, model, color, fuelType,options):
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.color = color
        self.fuelType = fuelType
        self.options = options
            
    def getMake(self):
        self.make = input('Please enter the vehicle make: ')
        

    def getModel(self):
        self.model = input('Please enter the vehicle model: ')
        

    def getColor(self):
        self.color = input('Please enter the vehicle color: ')
        

    def getFuelType(self):
        self.fuelType = input('Please enter the vehicle fuel type: ')
        

    def getOptions(self):
        optionslist = []
        print('\nEnter Y or N for the following options')
        radio = input('Does your vehicle have a radio: ').lower()
        bluetooth = input('Does your vehicle have bluetooth: ').lower()
        cruise = input('Does your vehicle have cruise control: ').lower()
        window = input('Does your vehicle have power windows: ').lower()
        lock = input('Does your vehicle have power locks: ').lower()
        mirror = input('Does your vehicle have power mirrors: ').lower()
        rstart = input('Does your vehicle have remote start: ').lower()
        bcamera = input('Does your vehicle have a back up camera: ').lower()

        if radio == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Radio')
        if bluetooth == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Bluetooth')
        if cruise == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Cruise Control')
        if window == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Power Windows')
        if lock == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Power Locks')
        if mirror == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Power Mirrors')
        if rstart == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Remote Start')
        if bcamera == 'y':
            optionslist.append('Backup Camera')

        self.options = optionslist    


#creates instance
selection1 = Vehicle('n','n','n','n','n')


Vehicle.getMake(selection1)
Vehicle.getModel(selection1)
Vehicle.getColor(selection1)
Vehicle.getFuelType(selection1)
Vehicle.getOptions(selection1)

#makes sure options list has at least one option
if not selection1.options:
    print('\nYou need to select at least one option.')
    Vehicle.getOptions(selection1)


print(f'Your vehicle is a {selection1.color} {selection1.make} {selection1.model} that runs on {selection1.fuelType}. The options are ' + ", ".join(selection1.options) +'.')


Outputs:
Please enter the vehicle make: ford
Please enter the vehicle model: f150
Please enter the vehicle color: grey
Please enter the vehicle fuel type: gas

Enter Y or N for the following options
Does your vehicle have a radio: y
Does your vehicle have bluetooth: y
Does your vehicle have cruise control: y
Does your vehicle have power windows: y
Does your vehicle have power locks: y
Does your vehicle have power mirrors: n
Does your vehicle have remote start: n
Does your vehicle have a back up camera: n
Your vehicle is a grey ford f150 that runs on gas. The options are Radio, Bluetooth, Cruise Control, Power Windows, Power Locks.

Answer 1

您的各种get* 方法将成为一个很好的类方法。

class Vehicle:

    def __init__(self, make, model, color, fuelType,options):
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.color = color
        self.fuelType = fuelType
        self.options = options

    # As already defined
    def getMake(self): ...
    def getModel(self): ...
    def getColor(self): ...
    def getFuelType(self): ...
    def getOptions(self): ...


    @classmethod
    def get_from_user(cls):
        # Initialize the "template" vehicle
        v = Vehicle("", "", "", "", [])

        # Configure the template
        v.getMake()
        v.getModel()
        v.getColor()
        v.getFuelType()
        v.getOptions()

        # Return the configured vehicle
        return v

然后您可以使用一种方法创建一个实例来处理所有用户提示

v1 = Vehicle.get_from_user()

或者通过自己获取值并将它们作为参数直接传递给Vehicle。

v2 = Vehicle("ford", "f150", "grey", "gas", ["Radio", "Bluetooth"])