Django DetailView 模板未显示详细信息

Question

过去几天我正在学习 Django Web 框架，它非常棒。我正在学习基于类的视图来显示内容。我创建了一个简单的示例模型school(name,principal,location) 和student(name,age,school(foreign key))。模型是

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

# Create a School model with different classes
# School Model with Name,Pricipal & Location
class School(models.Model):

    # Create name,pricipal,location fields for the School
    name = models.CharField(max_length=256)
    principal = models.CharField(max_length=256)
    location = models.CharField(max_length=256)

    # method to pritn the string representation of the class
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

# Create a stduent model of the school
class Student(models.Model):

    # create name,age,school fields for students
    name = models.CharField(max_length=256)
    age = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    school = models.ForeignKey(School, related_name='stduents', 
                                            on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    # method to print the string representation of stduent class
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

我的 urls.py 是

from django.urls import path
from . import views

# Create a app_name for template tagging
app_name = 'CBV_app'

urlpatterns = [
     path('',views.SchoolListView.as_view(),name='list'),
     path('<int:pk>/',views.SchoolDetailView.as_view(),name='detail')
]

主 urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from CBV_app import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('',views.IndexView.as_view()),
    path('CBV_app/',include('CBV_app.urls', namespace='CBV_app'))
]

学生模型中的外键有一个与学校模型连接的related_name ='students'。我已经在views.py 文件中注册了模型并创建了基于类的视图（列表和详细视图）。 views.py 文件是

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import View, TemplateView, ListView, DetailView
from django.http import HttpResponse
from . import models

# Create your views here.



# create a view using the built in template view
class IndexView(TemplateView):

   # template_name is the class object attribute of class TemplateView
   # Just pass in the html file that need to be displayed
   template_name = 'index.html'


# create a list view class for school inheriting from ListView
class SchoolListView(ListView):


    context_object_name = 'schools'


    # connect this to the created models
    # this provides the models each record in the form of list
    model = models.School


# create a detail view for the school by inheriting the DetailView
class SchoolDetailView(DetailView):

    context_object_name = 'school_detail'

    # set the view to the model
    model = models.School
    # point the class attribute template_name to point the detail view

    template_name = 'CBV_app/school_detail.html'

而我的student_detail.html 文件是

{% extends "CBV_app/CBV_app_base.html" %}

{% block body_block %}

<div class="jumbotron">
<p class="display-4">Welcome to school details page</p>
<p class="h3">School details:</p>
<p class="lead">School Id: {{school_detail.id}}</p>
<p class="lead">Name: {{school_detail.name}}</p>
<p class="lead">Principal: {{school_detail.principal}}</p>
<p class="lead">Location: {{school_detail.location}}</p>
<h3 class="h3">Student Details:</h3>
  <!-- students is the related name given in the model with the foreign key -->
  <!-- which connects with the school model -->
  {% for stu in student_detail.students.all %}
    <p>{{stu.name}} who is {{stu.age}} years old</p>
  {% endfor %}
</div>

{% endblock %}

我在我的 school_list.html 中创建了两个链接，用于打开相应的学校详细信息页面并显示内容。 打开详细信息页面后，我无法查看相应学校的学生详细信息。我检查了很多次文件，但无法找出问题所在。我附上了No. of students in the school model和School Details Page的图片供参考。

谁能帮我解决这个问题？ 提前致谢。

Answer 1

首先，您的Student 模型的相关名称中有错字：您输入的相关名称是“stduents”，但在您的模板中您使用的是“students”。

其次，您在模板中的错误（或不存在）模型上使用了相关名称：更改

{% for stu in student_detail.students.all %}

到

{% for stu in school_detail.students.all %}

在您的模板中。