如何隐藏和显示折线图上的点

Question

单击图例文本时，我试图在折线图上隐藏和显示点。这是我当前小提琴的link。从我的小提琴来看，我的蓝线工作正常，因为它在每次点击“价值”时都会显示和隐藏。但是，当我单击“点”时，点并没有这样做。

我也尝试按照link 中的建议进行操作，但无济于事。非常感谢任何帮助！

    var data = [ {x: 0, y: 0}, {x: 5, y: 30}, {x: 10, y: 40},
                {x: 15, y: 60}, {x: 20, y: 70}, {x: 25, y: 100} ];

    const margin = {
      left: 20,
      right: 20,
      top: 20,
      bottom: 80
    };

    const svg = d3.select('svg');
    svg.selectAll("*").remove();

    const width = 200 - margin.left - margin.right;
    const height = 200 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

    const g = svg.append('g').attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`);


    var x = d3.scaleLinear()
            .domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d){ return d.x; })])
            .range([0,width])
            .nice();

    var y = d3.scaleLinear()
            .domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d){ return d.y; })])
            .range([0,height])
            .nice();

    const xAxis = d3.axisTop()
                .scale(x)
                .ticks(5)
                .tickPadding(5)
                .tickSize(-height)

    const yAxis = d3.axisLeft()
                .scale(y)
                .ticks(5)
                .tickPadding(5)
                .tickSize(-width);

    svg.append("g")
      .attr("class", "x axis")
      .attr("transform", `translate(20,${height-margin.top-60})`)
      .call(xAxis);

    svg.append("g")
      .attr("class", "y axis")
      .attr("transform", "translate(20,20)")
      .call(yAxis);

    var lineFunction = d3.line()
    .x(function(d) {return x(d.x); })
    .y(function(d) {return y(d.y); })
    .curve(d3.curveLinear);

    //defining and plotting the lines
    var path = g.append("path")
                .attr("class", "path1")
                .attr("id", "blueLine")
                .attr("d", lineFunction(data))
                .attr("stroke", "blue")
                .attr("stroke-width", 2)
                .attr("fill", "none")
                .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

          // plot a circle at each data point
          g.selectAll(".dot")
              .data(data)
              .enter().append("circle")
              .attr("cx", function(d) { return x(d.x); } )
              .attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.y); } )
              .attr("r", 3)
              .attr("class", "blackDot")
              .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

      //************* Legend ***************
      var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
              .data(data)
              .enter().append("g")

            legend.append("rect")
              .attr("x", width + 65)
              .attr("y", 50)
              .attr("width", 18)
              .attr("height", 4)
              .style("fill", "blue")

            legend.append("text")
              .attr("x", width + 60)
              .attr("y", 50)
              .attr("dy", ".35em")
              .style("text-anchor", "end")
              .on("click", function(){
              // Determine if current line is visible
              var active   = blueLine.active ? false : true,
                newOpacity = active ? 0 : 1;
              // Hide or show the elements
              d3.select("#blueLine").style("opacity", newOpacity);
              // Update whether or not the elements are active
              blueLine.active = active;
              })
                .text(function(d) {
                  return "Value";
                });

      var pointLegend = svg.selectAll(".pointLegend")
              .data(data)
              .enter().append("g")

            pointLegend.append("circle")
              .attr("r", 3)
              .attr("cx", width + 70)
              .attr("cy", 70)

            pointLegend.append("text")
              .attr("x", width + 60)
              .attr("y", 70)
              .attr("dy", ".35em")
              .style("text-anchor", "end")
            .on("click", function(){
            // Determine if dots are visible
            var active   = blackDot.active ? false : true,
              newOpacity = active ? 0 : 1;
            // Hide or show the elements
            d3.selectAll(".blackDot").style("opacity", newOpacity);
            // Update whether or not the elements are active
            blackDot.active = active;
            })
              .text(function(d) {
                return "Point";
              });

Answer 1

问题在于您跟踪点击状态的方式。具体来说，这个变量为行...

//Determine if current line is visible
var active = blueLine.active ? false : true;

...和这个圈子的变量：

// Determine if dots are visible
var active = blackDot.active ? false : true;

该行（实际上是<path> 元素）有一个名为blueLine 的ID。因此，元素本身是window 对象的属性，即全局变量。例如，看看这个：

console.log(window.foo)

<div id="foo"></div>

因此，blueLine.active 有效，即使您从未在代码中的任何位置声明 blueLine。

但是，虽然线路有 id，但您的圈子却没有（无论是否blackDot）。此外，有问题的行是只有一个，因此可以有一个 id，但你有 几个圈子，因此，不能使用 id（更多关于下面）。

因此，解决方案是以另一种方式跟踪点击状态。例如，使用数据的属性：

.on("click", function(d){
    // Determine if dots are visible
    var active   = d.active ? false : true;

这是更改后的代码：

var data = [{
    x: 0,
    y: 0
  }, {
    x: 5,
    y: 30
  }, {
    x: 10,
    y: 40
  },
  {
    x: 15,
    y: 60
  }, {
    x: 20,
    y: 70
  }, {
    x: 25,
    y: 100
  }
];

const margin = {
  left: 20,
  right: 20,
  top: 20,
  bottom: 80
};

const svg = d3.select('svg');
svg.selectAll("*").remove();

const width = 200 - margin.left - margin.right;
const height = 200 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

const g = svg.append('g').attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`);


var x = d3.scaleLinear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) {
    return d.x;
  })])
  .range([0, width])
  .nice();

var y = d3.scaleLinear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) {
    return d.y;
  })])
  .range([0, height])
  .nice();

const xAxis = d3.axisTop()
  .scale(x)
  .ticks(5)
  .tickPadding(5)
  .tickSize(-height)

const yAxis = d3.axisLeft()
  .scale(y)
  .ticks(5)
  .tickPadding(5)
  .tickSize(-width);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "x axis")
  .attr("transform", `translate(20,${height-margin.top-60})`)
  .call(xAxis);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "y axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(20,20)")
  .call(yAxis);

var lineFunction = d3.line()
  .x(function(d) {
    return x(d.x);
  })
  .y(function(d) {
    return y(d.y);
  })
  .curve(d3.curveLinear);

//defining and plotting the lines
var path = g.append("path")
  .attr("class", "path1")
  .attr("id", "blueLine")
  .attr("d", lineFunction(data))
  .attr("stroke", "blue")
  .attr("stroke-width", 2)
  .attr("fill", "none")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

// plot a circle at each data point
g.selectAll(".dot")
  .data(data)
  .enter().append("circle")
  .attr("cx", function(d) {
    return x(d.x);
  })
  .attr("cy", function(d) {
    return y(d.y);
  })
  .attr("r", 3)
  .attr("class", "blackDot")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

//************* Legend ***************
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
  .data(data)
  .enter().append("g")

legend.append("rect")
  .attr("x", width + 65)
  .attr("y", 50)
  .attr("width", 18)
  .attr("height", 4)
  .style("fill", "blue")

legend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 60)
  .attr("y", 50)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "end")
  .on("click", function() {
    // Determine if current line is visible
    var active = blueLine.active ? false : true,
      newOpacity = active ? 0 : 1;
    // Hide or show the elements
    d3.select("#blueLine").style("opacity", newOpacity);
    // Update whether or not the elements are active
    blueLine.active = active;
  })
  .text(function(d) {
    return "Value";
  });

var pointLegend = svg.selectAll(".pointLegend")
  .data(data)
  .enter().append("g")

pointLegend.append("circle")
  .attr("r", 3)
  .attr("cx", width + 70)
  .attr("cy", 70);

pointLegend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 60)
  .attr("y", 70)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "end")
  .on("click", function(d) {
    // Determine if dots are visible
    var active = d.active ? false : true,
      newOpacity = active ? 0 : 1;
    // Hide or show the elements
    d3.selectAll(".blackDot").style("opacity", newOpacity);
    // Update whether or not the elements are active
    d.active = active;
  })
  .text(function(d) {
    return "Point";
  });

.xy_chart {
  position: relative;
  left: 50px
}

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/5.7.0/d3.min.js"></script>
<svg class="xy_chart"></svg>

请记住，虽然不建议将单个 id 设置为多个元素，但它会起作用，正如您在下面的演示中所见，我只是将您的代码按原样和将blackDot id 设置为圆圈：

var data = [{
    x: 0,
    y: 0
  }, {
    x: 5,
    y: 30
  }, {
    x: 10,
    y: 40
  },
  {
    x: 15,
    y: 60
  }, {
    x: 20,
    y: 70
  }, {
    x: 25,
    y: 100
  }
];

const margin = {
  left: 20,
  right: 20,
  top: 20,
  bottom: 80
};

const svg = d3.select('svg');
svg.selectAll("*").remove();

const width = 200 - margin.left - margin.right;
const height = 200 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

const g = svg.append('g').attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top})`);


var x = d3.scaleLinear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) {
    return d.x;
  })])
  .range([0, width])
  .nice();

var y = d3.scaleLinear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) {
    return d.y;
  })])
  .range([0, height])
  .nice();

const xAxis = d3.axisTop()
  .scale(x)
  .ticks(5)
  .tickPadding(5)
  .tickSize(-height)

const yAxis = d3.axisLeft()
  .scale(y)
  .ticks(5)
  .tickPadding(5)
  .tickSize(-width);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "x axis")
  .attr("transform", `translate(20,${height-margin.top-60})`)
  .call(xAxis);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "y axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(20,20)")
  .call(yAxis);

var lineFunction = d3.line()
  .x(function(d) {
    return x(d.x);
  })
  .y(function(d) {
    return y(d.y);
  })
  .curve(d3.curveLinear);

//defining and plotting the lines
var path = g.append("path")
  .attr("class", "path1")
  .attr("id", "blueLine")
  .attr("d", lineFunction(data))
  .attr("stroke", "blue")
  .attr("stroke-width", 2)
  .attr("fill", "none")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

// plot a circle at each data point
g.selectAll(".dot")
  .data(data)
  .enter().append("circle")
  .attr("cx", function(d) {
    return x(d.x);
  })
  .attr("cy", function(d) {
    return y(d.y);
  })
  .attr("r", 3)
  .attr("id", "blackDot")
  .attr("class", "blackDot")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

//************* Legend ***************
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
  .data(data)
  .enter().append("g")

legend.append("rect")
  .attr("x", width + 65)
  .attr("y", 50)
  .attr("width", 18)
  .attr("height", 4)
  .style("fill", "blue")

legend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 60)
  .attr("y", 50)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "end")
  .on("click", function() {
    // Determine if current line is visible
    var active = blueLine.active ? false : true,
      newOpacity = active ? 0 : 1;
    // Hide or show the elements
    d3.select("#blueLine").style("opacity", newOpacity);
    // Update whether or not the elements are active
    blueLine.active = active;
  })
  .text(function(d) {
    return "Value";
  });

var pointLegend = svg.selectAll(".pointLegend")
  .data(data)
  .enter().append("g")

pointLegend.append("circle")
  .attr("r", 3)
  .attr("cx", width + 70)
  .attr("cy", 70)

pointLegend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 60)
  .attr("y", 70)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "end")
  .on("click", function() {
    // Determine if dots are visible
    var active = blackDot.active ? false : true,
      newOpacity = active ? 0 : 1;
    // Hide or show the elements
    d3.selectAll(".blackDot").style("opacity", newOpacity);
    // Update whether or not the elements are active
    blackDot.active = active;
  })
  .text(function(d) {
    return "Point";
  });

.xy_chart {
  position: relative;
  left: 50px
}

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/5.7.0/d3.min.js"></script>
<svg class="xy_chart"></svg>

但是，同样，不建议为多个元素设置相同的 id：id 必须是唯一的。

Answer 2

您可以查看this example。

注意工具提示选项中的 : .style("visibility", "hidden")。