我的页面上只显示了一个 D3 可视化？

【问题标题】：Only one D3 Visualization is showing up on my page?我的页面上只显示了一个 D3 可视化？
【发布时间】：2021-01-03 21:50:33
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在我的页面上显示条形图和饼图，但我只显示了饼图。我希望饼图和条形图都显示出来。可能是我有多个相互覆盖的 src 吗？如何修复此代码，以便我的两个图表都出现在我的 HTML 文件中。 只要我能同时显示这两个图表，任何建议都会有很大帮助。

<head>

  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
  <meta name="description" content="">
  <meta name="author" content="">

  <title>Charts</title>

  <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
  <link href="vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
  <link href="css/modern-business.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- JavaScript file for the Data -->
  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mbostock.github.com/d3/d3.js?2.1.3"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mbostock.github.com/d3/d3.geom.js?2.1.3">
  </script><!--Fetching from CDN of D3.js -->
  <script src=  
      "https://d3js.org/d3.v6.min.js">  
  </script> 
  <script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v3.min.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

    <style type="text/css"> 
    svg {
      font: 10px sans-serif;
      shape-rendering: crispEdges;
    }
  
    .axis path,
    .axis line {
      fill: none;
      stroke: #000;
    }
   
    path.domain {
      stroke: none;
    }
   
    .y .tick line {
      stroke: #ddd;
    }
    </style>

</head>

<body>

<svg width="300" height="300"> 
    </svg>

    <script>

        var data = [600,1800,300,500]; 
        
        // Selecting SVG using d3.select() 
        var svg = d3.select("svg"); 
            
        // Creating Pie generator 
        var pie = d3.pie(); 

        // Creating arc 
        var arc = d3.arc() 
                    .innerRadius(0) 
                    .outerRadius(100); 

        let g = svg.append("g") 
                    .attr("transform", "translate(150,120)"); 

        // Grouping different arcs 
        var arcs = g.selectAll("arc") 
                    .data(pie(data)) 
                    .enter() 
                    .append("g"); 

        // Appending path  
        arcs.append("path") 
            .attr("fill", (data, i)=>{ 
                let value=data.data; 
                return d3.schemeSet3[i+1]; 
            }) 
            .attr("d", arc); 
            
        // Adding data to each arc 
        arcs.append("text") 
            .attr("transform",(d)=>{  
                    return "translate("+  
                    arc.centroid(d) + ")";  
            }) 
            .text(function(d){ 
                return d.data;  
                }); 

                

    </script>
    <!-- Create a div where the graph will take place -->
<div id="my_dataviz"></div>

<script>
// Setup svg using Bostock's margin convention

var margin = {top: 20, right: 160, bottom: 35, left: 30};

var width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var svg = d3.select("body")
  .append("svg")
  .attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
  .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
  .append("g")
  .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");


/* Data in strings like it would be if imported from a csv */

var data = [
  { year: "2006", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "9", pears: "6" },
  { year: "2007", redDelicious: "12", mcintosh: "18", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2008", redDelicious: "05", mcintosh: "20", oranges: "8", pears: "2" },
  { year: "2009", redDelicious: "01", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "5", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2010", redDelicious: "02", mcintosh: "10", oranges: "4", pears: "2" },
  { year: "2011", redDelicious: "03", mcintosh: "12", oranges: "6", pears: "3" },
  { year: "2012", redDelicious: "04", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "8", pears: "1" },
  { year: "2013", redDelicious: "06", mcintosh: "11", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2014", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "13", oranges: "9", pears: "5" },
  { year: "2015", redDelicious: "16", mcintosh: "19", oranges: "6", pears: "9" },
  { year: "2016", redDelicious: "19", mcintosh: "17", oranges: "5", pears: "7" },
];

var parse = d3.time.format("%Y").parse;


// Transpose the data into layers
var dataset = d3.layout.stack()(["redDelicious", "mcintosh", "oranges", "pears"].map(function(fruit) {
  return data.map(function(d) {
    return {x: parse(d.year), y: +d[fruit]};
  });
}));


// Set x, y and colors
var x = d3.scale.ordinal()
  .domain(dataset[0].map(function(d) { return d.x; }))
  .rangeRoundBands([10, width-10], 0.02);

var y = d3.scale.linear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(dataset, function(d) {  return d3.max(d, function(d) { return d.y0 + d.y; });  })])
  .range([height, 0]);

var colors = ["b33040", "#d25c4d", "#f2b447", "#d9d574"];


// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
  .scale(y)
  .orient("left")
  .ticks(5)
  .tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
  .tickFormat( function(d) { return d } );

var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
  .scale(x)
  .orient("bottom")
  .tickFormat(d3.time.format("%Y"));

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "y axis")
  .call(yAxis);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "x axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
  .call(xAxis);


// Create groups for each series, rects for each segment 
var groups = svg.selectAll("g.cost")
  .data(dataset)
  .enter().append("g")
  .attr("class", "cost")
  .style("fill", function(d, i) { return colors[i]; });

var rect = groups.selectAll("rect")
  .data(function(d) { return d; })
  .enter()
  .append("rect")
  .attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.x); })
  .attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.y0 + d.y); })
  .attr("height", function(d) { return y(d.y0) - y(d.y0 + d.y); })
  .attr("width", x.rangeBand())
  .on("mouseover", function() { tooltip.style("display", null); })
  .on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("display", "none"); })
  .on("mousemove", function(d) {
    var xPosition = d3.mouse(this)[0] - 15;
    var yPosition = d3.mouse(this)[1] - 25;
    tooltip.attr("transform", "translate(" + xPosition + "," + yPosition + ")");
    tooltip.select("text").text(d.y);
  });


// Draw legend
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
  .data(colors)
  .enter().append("g")
  .attr("class", "legend")
  .attr("transform", function(d, i) { return "translate(30," + i * 19 + ")"; });
 
legend.append("rect")
  .attr("x", width - 18)
  .attr("width", 18)
  .attr("height", 18)
  .style("fill", function(d, i) {return colors.slice().reverse()[i];});
 
legend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 5)
  .attr("y", 9)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "start")
  .text(function(d, i) { 
    switch (i) {
      case 0: return "Anjou pears";
      case 1: return "Naval oranges";
      case 2: return "McIntosh apples";
      case 3: return "Red Delicious apples";
    }
  });


// Prep the tooltip bits, initial display is hidden
var tooltip = svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "tooltip")
  .style("display", "none");
    
tooltip.append("rect")
  .attr("width", 30)
  .attr("height", 20)
  .attr("fill", "white")
  .style("opacity", 0.5);

tooltip.append("text")
  .attr("x", 15)
  .attr("dy", "1.2em")
  .style("text-anchor", "middle")
  .attr("font-size", "12px")
  .attr("font-weight", "bold");

</script>

</body>

【问题讨论】：

  • 您似乎正在加载 3 个版本的 d3，除了 v6 之外，还有什么原因要加载：v2、v3 和 d3.geom？

标签： javascript html d3.js


【解决方案1】：

我不打算解决你悲伤的直接原因（d3 的不匹配版本都占用同一个对象：d3）。相反，让我们删除过时的代码，让我们的可视化使用一致的 d3 版本，从而淘汰导致悲伤的直接原因，例如 d3v3 和 d3v2。

因此，我将把这个问题视为“如何将我的 v3 堆叠条形图更新到 v6”

这是您的 v3 堆积条形图：

var margin = {top: 20, right: 160, bottom: 35, left: 30};

var width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var svg = d3.select("body")
  .append("svg")
  .attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
  .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
  .append("g")
  .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");


/* Data in strings like it would be if imported from a csv */

var data = [
  { year: "2006", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "9", pears: "6" },
  { year: "2007", redDelicious: "12", mcintosh: "18", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2008", redDelicious: "05", mcintosh: "20", oranges: "8", pears: "2" },
  { year: "2009", redDelicious: "01", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "5", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2010", redDelicious: "02", mcintosh: "10", oranges: "4", pears: "2" },
  { year: "2011", redDelicious: "03", mcintosh: "12", oranges: "6", pears: "3" },
  { year: "2012", redDelicious: "04", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "8", pears: "1" },
  { year: "2013", redDelicious: "06", mcintosh: "11", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2014", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "13", oranges: "9", pears: "5" },
  { year: "2015", redDelicious: "16", mcintosh: "19", oranges: "6", pears: "9" },
  { year: "2016", redDelicious: "19", mcintosh: "17", oranges: "5", pears: "7" },
];

var parse = d3.time.format("%Y").parse;


// Transpose the data into layers
var dataset = d3.layout.stack()(["redDelicious", "mcintosh", "oranges", "pears"].map(function(fruit) {
  return data.map(function(d) {
    return {x: parse(d.year), y: +d[fruit]};
  });
}));


// Set x, y and colors
var x = d3.scale.ordinal()
  .domain(dataset[0].map(function(d) { return d.x; }))
  .rangeRoundBands([10, width-10], 0.02);

var y = d3.scale.linear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(dataset, function(d) {  return d3.max(d, function(d) { return d.y0 + d.y; });  })])
  .range([height, 0]);

var colors = ["b33040", "#d25c4d", "#f2b447", "#d9d574"];


// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
  .scale(y)
  .orient("left")
  .ticks(5)
  .tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
  .tickFormat( function(d) { return d } );

var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
  .scale(x)
  .orient("bottom")
  .tickFormat(d3.time.format("%Y"));

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "y axis")
  .call(yAxis);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "x axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
  .call(xAxis);


// Create groups for each series, rects for each segment 
var groups = svg.selectAll("g.cost")
  .data(dataset)
  .enter().append("g")
  .attr("class", "cost")
  .style("fill", function(d, i) { return colors[i]; });

var rect = groups.selectAll("rect")
  .data(function(d) { return d; })
  .enter()
  .append("rect")
  .attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.x); })
  .attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.y0 + d.y); })
  .attr("height", function(d) { return y(d.y0) - y(d.y0 + d.y); })
  .attr("width", x.rangeBand())
  .on("mouseover", function() { tooltip.style("display", null); })
  .on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("display", "none"); })
  .on("mousemove", function(d) {
    var xPosition = d3.mouse(this)[0] - 15;
    var yPosition = d3.mouse(this)[1] - 25;
    tooltip.attr("transform", "translate(" + xPosition + "," + yPosition + ")");
    tooltip.select("text").text(d.y);
  });


// Draw legend
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
  .data(colors)
  .enter().append("g")
  .attr("class", "legend")
  .attr("transform", function(d, i) { return "translate(30," + i * 19 + ")"; });
 
legend.append("rect")
  .attr("x", width - 18)
  .attr("width", 18)
  .attr("height", 18)
  .style("fill", function(d, i) {return colors.slice().reverse()[i];});
 
legend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 5)
  .attr("y", 9)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "start")
  .text(function(d, i) { 
    switch (i) {
      case 0: return "Anjou pears";
      case 1: return "Naval oranges";
      case 2: return "McIntosh apples";
      case 3: return "Red Delicious apples";
    }
  });


// Prep the tooltip bits, initial display is hidden
var tooltip = svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "tooltip")
  .style("display", "none");
    
tooltip.append("rect")
  .attr("width", 30)
  .attr("height", 20)
  .attr("fill", "white")
  .style("opacity", 0.5);

tooltip.append("text")
  .attr("x", 15)
  .attr("dy", "1.2em")
  .style("text-anchor", "middle")
  .attr("font-size", "12px")
  .attr("font-weight", "bold");
&lt;script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.5.17/d3.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

看起来不错。

让我们将它升级到 d3v6。首先，d3v4 中 d3 的大名称空间扁平化破坏了很多代码，它也会破坏你的代码。您需要更新以下内容（如果我遗漏了此列表中的某些内容，我深表歉意）：

  • d3.scale.ordinal ⟶ d3.scaleOrdinal
  • d3.scale.linear ⟶ d3.scaleLinear
  • d3.layout.stack ⟶ d3.stack
  • d3.svg.axis ⟶ d3.axisLeft, d3.axisRight, d3.axisBottom, d3.axisTop
  • d3.time.format ⟶ d3.timeFormat
  • d3.time.format().parse ⟶ d3.timeParse()

轴生成器也不再有 orient 方法，因为您在选择生成器时选择了方向。您将在哪里使用：d3.time.format("...").parse 您现在将使用 d3.timeParse("...")

但大多数更改都是为 d3.stack() 保留的。这使得创建堆栈数据集时的一些事情变得更简单。表示每个条形的数组不再具有 d.y 和 d.y0 属性，而是仅包含两个数字。这通过您的代码级联。条形的 x 值现在是 d.data.year（或任何属性）。这个描述的笔画很宽泛，文档要详尽得多。

我们还将更改您使用的比例，序数非常适合将离散域映射到离散范围，但是您有一个连续范围，因此我们可以使用 d3.scaleBand 代替。

最后，d3.mouse 不再是 d3v6。我们使用 d3.pointer(this) 代替 d3.mouse(this)。

这是一个 d3v6 堆积条形图：

var margin = {top: 20, right: 160, bottom: 35, left: 30};

var width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var svg = d3.select("body")
  .append("svg")
  .attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
  .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
  .append("g")
  .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");


/* Data in strings like it would be if imported from a csv */

var data = [
  { year: "2006", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "9", pears: "6" },
  { year: "2007", redDelicious: "12", mcintosh: "18", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2008", redDelicious: "05", mcintosh: "20", oranges: "8", pears: "2" },
  { year: "2009", redDelicious: "01", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "5", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2010", redDelicious: "02", mcintosh: "10", oranges: "4", pears: "2" },
  { year: "2011", redDelicious: "03", mcintosh: "12", oranges: "6", pears: "3" },
  { year: "2012", redDelicious: "04", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "8", pears: "1" },
  { year: "2013", redDelicious: "06", mcintosh: "11", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
  { year: "2014", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "13", oranges: "9", pears: "5" },
  { year: "2015", redDelicious: "16", mcintosh: "19", oranges: "6", pears: "9" },
  { year: "2016", redDelicious: "19", mcintosh: "17", oranges: "5", pears: "7" },
];

var parse = d3.timeParse("%Y")


// Transpose the data into layers
var keys= ["redDelicious", "mcintosh", "oranges", "pears"];
var dataset = d3.stack().keys(keys)(data);

// Set x, y and colors
var x = d3.scaleBand()
  .domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.year; }))
  .range([10, width-10], 0.02);

var y = d3.scaleLinear()
  .domain([0, d3.max(dataset, function(d) {  return d3.max(d, function(d) { return d[0] + d[1]; });  })])
  .range([height, 0]);

var colors = ["b33040", "#d25c4d", "#f2b447", "#d9d574"];


// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.axisLeft()
  .scale(y)
  .ticks(5)
  .tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
  .tickFormat( function(d) { return d } );

var xAxis = d3.axisBottom()
  .scale(x)
  .tickFormat(d3.timeFormat("%Y"));

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "y axis")
  .call(yAxis);

svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "x axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
  .call(xAxis);


// Create groups for each series, rects for each segment 
var groups = svg.selectAll("g.cost")
  .data(dataset)
  .enter().append("g")
  .attr("class", "cost")
  .style("fill", function(d, i) { return colors[i]; })


var rect = groups.selectAll("rect")
  .data(function(d) { return d; })
  .enter()
  .append("rect")
  .attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.data.year); })
  .attr("y", function(d) { return y(d[0] + d[1]); })
  .attr("height", function(d) { return y(d[0]) - y(d[0] + d[1]); })
  .attr("width", x.bandwidth())
  .on("mouseover", function() { tooltip.style("display", null); })
  .on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("display", "none"); })
  .on("mousemove", function(d) {
    var xPosition = d3.pointer(this)[0] - 15;
    var yPosition = d3.pointer(this)[1] - 25;
    tooltip.attr("transform", "translate(" + xPosition + "," + yPosition + ")");
    tooltip.select("text").text(d.y);
  });


// Draw legend
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
  .data(colors)
  .enter().append("g")
  .attr("class", "legend")
  .attr("transform", function(d, i) { return "translate(30," + i * 19 + ")"; });
 
legend.append("rect")
  .attr("x", width - 18)
  .attr("width", 18)
  .attr("height", 18)
  .style("fill", function(d, i) {return colors.slice().reverse()[i];});
 
legend.append("text")
  .attr("x", width + 5)
  .attr("y", 9)
  .attr("dy", ".35em")
  .style("text-anchor", "start")
  .text(function(d, i) { 
    switch (i) {
      case 0: return "Anjou pears";
      case 1: return "Naval oranges";
      case 2: return "McIntosh apples";
      case 3: return "Red Delicious apples";
    }
  });


// Prep the tooltip bits, initial display is hidden
var tooltip = svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "tooltip")
  .style("display", "none");
    
tooltip.append("rect")
  .attr("width", 30)
  .attr("height", 20)
  .attr("fill", "white")
  .style("opacity", 0.5);

tooltip.append("text")
  .attr("x", 15)
  .attr("dy", "1.2em")
  .style("text-anchor", "middle")
  .attr("font-size", "12px")
  .attr("font-weight", "bold");
&lt;script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/6.2.0/d3.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

现在我可以在您的代码中替换您原来的 d3v3 堆叠条形图，删除不需要的依赖项，并获得所需的结果。

【讨论】：

  • 我可以在我的页面上获得这两个图表，谢谢！
  • 我还有一个问题。我试图在两者之间创建空白空间，我希望底部图形在其正上方有自己的

    标题，而是显示在饼图的

    标题旁边。有没有办法做到这一点？
  • 我可能会为两个可视化使用单独的 div，并将标题和 svg 元素附加到每个。如果您遇到困难，您可以发布一个新问题，显示复制您想要解决的问题的最少代码量（即；没有将任何内容放入 svg 本身的代码，因为这不会影响您的间距）。
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