如何使用 ngFor 遍历 JSON 嵌套对象

Question

我有一个 GET 方法，它在路由 localhost:3000/documents 上返回以下 JSON

[{
"id": "5b48bffc644fca001419769c",
"names": [{
        "name": "bob"
    },
    {
        "name": "stan"
    }
],
"cities": [{
        "city": "London"
    },
    {
        "city": "Madrid"
    }
]
}]

我想连接所有的名字和城市，并用 Angular 将它们显示在 HTML 标记中。

<p> id </p>
<p> concatenated names here </>
<p> concatenated cities here </>

是否可以使用 ngFor 访问文档并连接数组值？

我有以下组件：

import {Component, OnInit} from '@angular/core';
import {DocumentService} from '../services/document.service';
import {Document} from './document.model';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-document',
  templateUrl: './document.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./document.component.css']
})
export class DocumentComponent implements OnInit {
  documents: Document[];

  constructor(private documentService: DocumentService) {
  }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.getDocuments();
  }

  getDocuments(): void {
    this.documentService.getDocuments()
      .subscribe(documents => this.documents = documents);
  }
}

还有以下服务：

import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
import {HttpClient, HttpHeaders} from '@angular/common/http';

import {Document} from '../document/document.model';

@Injectable({providedIn: 'root'})
export class DocumentService {

  private urlDocuments = 'localhost:3000/documents';

  constructor(private http: HttpClient) {
    }

  getDocuments() {
      return this.http.get<Document[]>(this.urlDocuments);
  }
}

我的文档模型是：

export class Document {
  public _id: string;
  public names: [{ name: string }];
  public cities: [{ city: string }];

  constructor(_id: string, names: [{ name: string }], 
      cities: [{ city: string }]]) {
  this._id = _id;
  this.cities=cities;
  this.names= name;    
  }
}

Answer 1

我有解决方案，但您需要修改您的对象。

您必须为模型中的城市和名称覆盖 toString 方法：

test= [{
    "id": "5b48bffc644fca001419769c",
    "names": [{
      "name": "bob",
      toString: function(){return this.name;}
    },
      {
        "name": "stan",
        toString: function(){return this.name;}
      }
    ],
    "cities": [{
      "city": "London",
      toString: function(){return this.city;}

    },
      {
        "city": "Madrid",
        toString: function(){return this.city;}

      }
    ]
  }];

HTML 部分将如下所示：

<div *ngFor="let t of test">
  <p> {{t.id}}</p>
  <p> {{t.names.join(",")}}</p>
  <p> {{t.cities.join(",")}} </p>
</div>

输出：

5b48bffc644fca001419769c

bob,stan

London,Madrid

Answer 2

假设您的documents 数据从服务器没有问题，然后试试下面的HTML 代码：

 <div *ngFor="let d of documents">
  <p>Id: {{d.id}}</p>
  <p>Names: <span *ngFor="let dd of d.names">{{dd.name}},</span></p>
  <p>Cities: <span *ngFor="let dd of d.cities">{{dd.city}},</span></p>
</div>

Answer 3

您只需要使用*ngFor 来迭代文档，然后使用两个*ngFors 来迭代names 和cities，就像这样 (@987654323 @):

ts：

  documents = [{
    "id": "5b48bffc644fca001419769c",
    "names": [{"name": "bob"},{"name": "stan"}],
    "cities": [{"city": "London"},{"city": "Madrid"}]
  },{
    "id": "5b48bffc644fca001419769cde",
    "names": [{"name": "Jon"},{"name": "Doe"}],
    "cities": [{"city": "Barcelona"},{"city": "Saragoza"}]
  }
  ];

html：

<div *ngFor="let doc of documents; let last = last"> <!-- iterate over all documents, let last = last is optional -->
    <p>Id: {{doc.id}}</p>
     <!-- iterate over all names (n) for every document (doc) -->
    <p>Names: <span *ngFor="let n of doc.names; last as lastName">{{n.name}}{{lastName ? '': ','}} </span></p>
     <!-- iterate over all cities (c) for every document (doc) -->
    <p>Cities: <span *ngFor="let c of doc.cities; last as lastCity">{{c.city}}{{lastCity ? '': ','}} </span></p>
     <!-- optional , this will add a separator between documents-->
    <hr *ngIf="!last"/>
</div>

输出：