使用 MVVM 绝对没问题,因为它将简化您的需求的实现。 WPF 是为与 MVVM 模式一起使用而构建的,这意味着大量使用数据绑定和数据模板。
任务很简单。为每个视图创建一个UserControl(或DataTemplate),例如WelcomePage和LoginPage及其对应的视图模型WelcomePageViewModel和LoginPageViewModel。
ContentControl 将显示页面。
主要技巧是,当使用隐式 DataTemplate(未定义 x:Key 的模板资源)时,XAML 解析器将自动查找并应用正确的模板,其中 DataType 匹配 @ 的当前内容类型987654332@。这使导航变得非常简单,因为您只需从页面模型集合中选择当前页面并通过数据绑定将此页面设置为ContentControl 或ContentPresenter 的Content 属性:
用法
MainWindow.xaml
<Window>
<Window.DataContext>
<MainViewModel />
</Window.DataContext>
<Window.Resources>
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type WelcomePageviewModel}">
<WelcomPage />
</DataTemplate>
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type LoginPageviewModel}">
<LoginPage />
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<StackPanel>
<!-- Page navigation -->
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Button Content="Show Login Screen"
Command="{Binding SelectPageCommand}"
CommandParameter="{x:Static PageName.LoginPage}" />
<Button Content="Show Welcome Screen"
Command="{Binding SelectPageCommand}"
CommandParameter="{x:Static PageName.WelcomePage}" />
</StackPanel>
<!--
Host of SelectedPage.
Automatically displays the DataTemplate that matches the current data type
-->
<ContentControl Content="{Binding SelectedPage}" />
<StackPanel>
</Window>
实施
- 创建页面控件。这可以是
Control、UserControl、Page 或只是 DataTemplate
WelcomePage.xaml
<UserControl>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding PageTitle}" />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Message}" />
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>
LoginPage.xaml
<UserControl>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding PageTitle}" />
<TextBox Text="{Binding UserName}" />
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>
- 创建页面模型
IPage.cs
interface IPage : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
string PageTitel { get; set; }
}
WelcomePageViewModel.cs
class WelcomePageViewModel : IPage
{
private string pageTitle;
public string PageTitle
{
get => this.pageTitle;
set
{
this.pageTitle = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
private string message;
public string Message
{
get => this.message;
set
{
this.message = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
public WelcomePageViewModel()
{
this.PageTitle = "Welcome";
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
this.PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
LoginPageViewModel.cs
class LoginPageViewModel : IPage
{
private string pageTitle;
public string PageTitle
{
get => this.pageTitle;
set
{
this.pageTitle = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
private string userName;
public string UserName
{
get => this.userName;
set
{
this.userName = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
public LoginPageViewModel()
{
this.PageTitle = "Login";
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
this.PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
- 创建页面标识符的枚举(以消除 XAML 和 C# 中的魔术字符串)
PageName.cs
public enum PageName
{
Undefined = 0, WelcomePage, LoginPage
}
- 创建将管理页面及其导航的
MainViewModel
MainViewModel.cs
RelayCommand 的实现可以在
Microsoft Docs:模式 - 具有模型-视图-视图模型设计模式的 WPF 应用程序 - Relaying Command Logic
中找到
class MainViewModel
{
public ICommand SelectPageCommand => new RelayCommand(SelectPage);
private Dictionary<PageName, IPage> Pages { get; }
private IPage selectedPage;
public IPage SelectedPage
{
get => this.selectedPage;
set
{
this.selectedPage = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
public MainViewModel()
{
this.Pages = new Dictionary<PageName, IPage>
{
{ PageName.WelcomePage, new WelcomePageViewModel() },
{ PageName.LoginPage, new LoginPageViewModel() }
};
this.SelectedPage = this.Pages.First().Value;
}
public void SelectPage(object param)
{
if (param is PageName pageName
&& this.Pages.TryGetValue(pageName, out IPage selectedPage))
{
this.SelectedPage = selectedPage;
}
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
=> this.PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}