Excel VBA UDF 在立即窗口中执行，在工作表上失败

Question

UDF "NAV()" 旨在根据第一个参数（始终为日期）在网络驱动器上找到正确的报告，然后遍历所有工作表以查找与第二个参数具有相同行的数据，并且与第三个参数相同的列（第二个和第三个可以是文本或数字）。

在即时窗口中可靠地工作。总是返回#VALUE！在工作表上使用时，例如=NAV(D7,D8,D9) 或 =NAV(2/19/2016,"资产净值","221-I")。

一般来说，如果尝试更改 UDF 中的其他单元格，看起来可能会出现这种行为，但我的函数不会这样做。另外，我相信所有范围引用都指定了哪个工作簿和工作表，所以我认为这也不是问题。我不确定下一步该去哪里。

当找不到用户正在寻找的内容时，该函数还会尝试通过 Outlook 向我发送一份报告。我不知道这是否相关。

同样令人困惑的是，这段代码在即时窗口中似乎可以正常工作，但只给出#VALUE！在工作表上使用时。

我还可以在下面的代码中查看哪些地方会导致 NAV() 在即时窗口中正常运行，但始终会产生 #VALUE！在工作表上使用时？

Option Explicit

Function NAV(ByVal NAVDate As Date, ByVal matchRow As Variant, ByVal matchColumn As Variant) As Variant
'Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Application.Volatile True

    NAV = FindItemOnWorksheet(NAVDate, matchRow, matchColumn)

'Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Function


Function FindItemOnWorksheet(ByVal NAVDate As Date, ByVal ItemSpecies As Variant, ByVal ItemGenus As Variant) As Variant
' Finds Item by opening NAV workbook with correct date, activating correct worksheet, and searching for correct row and column
Dim startingRange As Range
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim wb As Workbook
Dim theDate As Date
Dim theItemSpecies As String
Dim theItemGenus As String

theDate = NAVDate
theItemSpecies = ItemSpecies
theItemGenus = ItemGenus

Set wb = GetWB(NAVDate)

'Loop through ws
Dim WS_Count As Integer
Dim i As Integer

WS_Count = wb.Worksheets.Count

For i = 1 To WS_Count


    Set ws = wb.Worksheets(i)
    Set startingRange = ws.Range("A1:Z100")

    Dim theRow As Range
    Dim theColumn As Range

    Set theRow = startingRange.Cells.Find(theItemSpecies, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, lookat:=xlWhole)
    If Not (theRow Is Nothing) Then
        Set theColumn = startingRange.Cells.Find(theItemGenus, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, lookat:=xlWhole)
        If Not (theColumn Is Nothing) Then
            FindItemOnWorksheet = ws.Cells(theRow.Row, theColumn.Column).Value

            wb.Close
            Exit Function
        End If
   End If

Next i
'Loop if no hit on either row or column Find()

'following executes only if no match found
MsgBox "No Match Found. Make sure you are entering arguments--" & vbNewLine & _
        "       The Date of NAV, " & vbNewLine & _
        "       the entry found in the right row of NAV workbooks (e.g. 'Net Asset Value'), " & vbNewLine & _
        "       the right column (e.g. 'Fund')." & vbNewLine & _
        " This function will only find exact matches." & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & _
        "Now emailing developer to ask for a fix."

Dim OutApp As Object
Dim OutMail As Object
Dim strbody As String

Set OutApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application")
Set OutMail = OutApp.CreateItem(0)

strbody = "User attempted" & _
                "=FindItemOnWorksheet( " & theDate & ", " & theItemSpecies & ", " & theItemGenus & " )" & vbNewLine & _
                "theDate type " & TypeName(theDate) & vbNewLine & _
                "theItemSpecies type " & TypeName(theItemSpecies) & vbNewLine & _
                "theItemGenus type " & TypeName(theItemGenus)

On Error Resume Next
With OutMail
    .To = <Address Removed>
    .CC = ""
    .BCC = ""
    .Subject = "FindItemOnWorksheet Error"
    .Body = strbody
    '.Attachments.Add ("C:\file.xlsx")
    .Send
End With
On Error GoTo 0

Set OutMail = Nothing
Set OutApp = Nothing

FindItemOnWorksheet = "Error"
'wb.Close
Exit Function
End Function


Function GetWB(ByVal NAVDate As Date) As Workbook
'Open requested workbook, return to parent procedure

Dim wbPath As String
Dim wbYear As String
Dim wbMonth As String

Dim wbWeek As String

Dim wbFile As String
Dim wbString As String
Dim wb As Workbook
Dim BackADay As Boolean

Dim OriginalNAVDateRequested As Date
OriginalNAVDateRequested = NAVDate

BackADay = True

'Loop through possible file tree structures and dates to find the closest NAV in the past to the date requested.
Do While BackADay = True

    'Don't go back to a previous week if cannot find current NAV
    If OriginalNAVDateRequested - NAVDate > 4 Then
        BackADay = False
    End If

    wbPath = <Network Path Removed>
    wbYear = CStr(Year(NAVDate)) & "\"
    wbMonth = MonthName(Month(NAVDate)) & " " & wbYear

    wbWeek = DateFormat(NAVDate) & "\"

    wbFile = Dir(wbPath & wbYear & wbMonth & wbWeek & "*Valuation Package*.xlsx")

    'Pricings with distributions have differing tree structure
    If wbFile = "" Then
        wbWeek = wbWeek & "POST Distribution " & wbWeek
        wbFile = Dir(wbPath & wbYear & wbMonth & wbWeek & "*Valuation Package*.xlsx")
        If wbFile = "" Then
            NAVDate = NAVDate - 1
        Else: BackADay = False
        End If
    Else: BackADay = False
    End If

Loop

wbString = wbPath & wbYear & wbMonth & wbWeek & wbFile

Set wb = Workbooks.Open(wbString, UpdateLinks:=False, ReadOnly:=True)
Set GetWB = wb

End Function

Function DateFormat(ByVal X As Date) As String
'Appends leading zeroes if needed to achieve form "00" for any two digit integer, and converts to string
Dim MM As String
Dim DD As String
Dim YYYY As String

If Month(X) < 10 Then
    MM = "0" & CStr(Month(X))
Else
    MM = CStr(Month(X))
End If

If Day(X) < 10 Then
    DD = "0" & CStr(Day(X))
Else
    DD = CStr(Day(X))
End If

YYYY = CStr(Year(X))

DateFormat = MM & "." & DD & "." & YYYY

End Function

Answer 1

您可以在 Worksheet_Change 事件中打开工作簿。

为了演示，如果 Sheet1!A2 发生变化，Excel 将尝试打开具有该单元格值的工作簿名称，然后将状态输出到 Sheet1!A4。

把下面放在一个模块中：

Option Explicit

Function TryOpenWB(ByVal oItem As Variant) As Variant
    Dim sOut As String
    Dim oWB As Workbook
    On Error Resume Next
    Set oWB = Workbooks.Open(CStr(oItem))
    If oWB Is Nothing Then
        sOut = "Cannot open """ & CStr(oItem) & """"
    Else
        sOut = "Opened """ & CStr(oItem) & """ successfully."
        'oWB.Close
    End If
    TryOpenWB = sOut
End Function

然后在 Worksheet Module 下面（我用 Sheet1 进行演示）：

Option Explicit

Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)
    If Target.Address = Range("A2").Address Then
        Application.EnableEvents = False
        Range("A4").Value = TryOpenWB(Target)
        Application.EnableEvents = True
    End If
End Sub

所以这个想法是只有在某些单元格地址匹配时才打开工作簿。