dyn.load(dllfile) 中的错误——构建链接到 Rcpp 的包时出现问题

Question

我的包将不会安装在我的机器上或 travis-ci.org 上。 version on CRAN 的唯一更新是我添加了一个小插图。我一直在关注Rcpp - package和R-packages; compiled code的例子。

该错误与这些先前的问题有关，但不是重复的。

1. Q40922814 -- 这里的问题是同时使用 C 和 C++ 代码。我只使用 C++ 代码
2. Q36952571 -- 我在 Mac OS 上，所以无法访问 ldconfig，尽管我的问题可能与此有关。

错误：

从包目录：

# Restarting R session...
> Rcpp::compileAttributes()
> devtools::document()     # a similar error using devtools::install()
Updating imputeMulti documentation
Loading imputeMulti
Re-compiling imputeMulti
─  installing *source* package ‘imputeMulti’ ...
   ** using staged installation
   ** libs
   g++ -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include" -DNDEBUG  -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/library/Rcpp/include" -isysroot /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk -I/usr/local/include  -fPIC  -std=c++0x -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
   g++ -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include" -DNDEBUG  -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/library/Rcpp/include" -isysroot /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk -I/usr/local/include  -fPIC  -std=c++0x -c count_compare.cpp -o count_compare.o
   g++ -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include" -DNDEBUG  -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/library/Rcpp/include" -isysroot /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk -I/usr/local/include  -fPIC  -std=c++0x -c utilities_rcpp.cpp -o utilities_rcpp.o
   g++ -dynamiclib -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names -undefined dynamic_lookup -single_module -multiply_defined suppress -L/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib -L/usr/local/lib -o imputeMulti.so RcppExports.o count_compare.o utilities_rcpp.o -F/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/.. -framework R -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation
   installing to /private/var/folders/6h/px5b6ds15b72srhkxc42k9drt2vmnc/T/Rtmpa4w8vb/devtools_install_876345d52e22/00LOCK-imputeMulti/00new/imputeMulti/libs
   ** checking absolute paths in shared objects and dynamic libraries
─  DONE (imputeMulti)
Error in dyn.load(dllfile) : 
  unable to load shared object './imputeMulti/src/imputeMulti.so':
  dlopen(./imputeMulti/src/imputeMulti.so, 6): Symbol not found: _imputeMulti_supDistC
  Referenced from: ./imputeMulti/src/imputeMulti.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in ./imputeMulti/src/imputeMulti.so

以及会话信息：

> sessionInfo()
R version 3.6.3 (2020-02-29)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
Running under: macOS Mojave 10.14.6

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libBLAS.dylib
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib

locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] Rcpp_1.0.4.6      compiler_3.6.3    prettyunits_1.1.1 remotes_2.1.1     tools_3.6.3       bit_1.1-15.2     
 [7] testthat_2.3.2    digest_0.6.25     pkgbuild_1.0.7    pkgload_1.0.2     RSQLite_2.2.0     memoise_1.1.0    
[13] rlang_0.4.6       DBI_1.1.0         cli_2.0.2         rstudioapi_0.11   parallel_3.6.3    xfun_0.13        
[19] withr_2.2.0       stringr_1.4.0     roxygen2_7.1.0    knitr_1.28        xml2_1.3.2        vctrs_0.2.4      
[25] desc_1.2.0        fs_1.4.1          gtools_3.8.2      devtools_2.3.0    bit64_0.9-7       rprojroot_1.3-2  
[31] glue_1.4.0        R6_2.4.1          processx_3.4.2    fansi_0.4.1       imputeMulti_0.7.1 sessioninfo_1.1.1
[37] blob_1.2.1        callr_3.4.3       purrr_0.3.4       magrittr_1.5      backports_1.1.6   ps_1.3.2         
[43] ellipsis_0.3.0    usethis_1.6.0     assertthat_0.2.1  stringi_1.4.6     crayon_1.3.4  

> devtools::build() # works 

代码

我的包裹：imputeMulti

我在src/ 中有以下 C++ 文件

# utilities_rcpp.cpp
#include <Rcpp.h>
using namespace Rcpp;

<two minor functions>

# count_compare.cpp
#include <Rcpp.h>
using namespace Rcpp;

<one minor function>

我也有

# imputeMulti-package.R
## usethis namespace: start
#' @importFrom Rcpp sourceCpp, evalCpp
## usethis namespace: end
NULL

#' @useDynLib imputeMulti

.onUnload <- function (libpath) {
  library.dynam.unload('imputeMulti', libpath)
}

我的最佳猜测是该错误与 Q36952571 有关，但我不确定如何解决。任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

我认为，根据快速戳，您的包裹被破坏了。

安装步骤失败

** testing if installed package can be loaded from temporary location
Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘imputeMulti’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
 unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-imputeMulti/00new/imputeMulti/libs/imputeMulti.so':
  /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-imputeMulti/00new/imputeMulti/libs/imputeMulti.so: undefined symbol: imputeMulti_supDistC
Error: loading failed
Execution halted
ERROR: loading failed
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/imputeMulti’
Warning message:
In install.packages(pkgs = f, lib = lib, repos = if (isMatchingFile(f)) NULL else repos) :
  installation of package ‘imputeMulti_0.7.1.tar.gz’ had non-zero exit status
edd@rob:/tmp/imputeMulti(master)$

即我们错过了您调用的符号imputeMulti_supDistC，您做错了。使用 Rcpp 和它的（很棒的）compileAttributes()，你确实不像你在这里所做的那样调用.Call()。您调用提供 R 包装器。

你犯了两次这个错误，现在解决了它：

edd@rob:/tmp/imputeMulti(master)$ git diff R/int-count_levels.R
diff --git a/R/int-count_levels.R b/R/int-count_levels.R
index a4ce4cc..9e749cc 100755
--- a/R/int-count_levels.R
+++ b/R/int-count_levels.R
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 # wrapper to supDistC to move error checking outside of C++
 supDist <- function(x,y) {
   if (length(x) != length(y)) stop("Length of x and y differ.")
-  .Call('imputeMulti_supDistC', PACKAGE = 'imputeMulti', x, y)
+  #.Call('imputeMulti_supDistC', PACKAGE = 'imputeMulti', x, y)
+  supDistC(x, y)
 }

 # convert a factor-vector to an integer vector, where the integers correspond
@@ -91,7 +92,8 @@ mx_my_compare <- function(mat_x, mat_y) {
   mat_y <- do.call("cbind", lapply(mat_y, fact_to_int))

   ## 1. Run code in C
-  .Call('imputeMulti_xy_compare', PACKAGE = 'imputeMulti', mat_x, mat_y)
+  #.Call('imputeMulti_xy_compare', PACKAGE = 'imputeMulti', mat_x, mat_y)
+  xy_compare(mat_x, mat_y)
   # mat_to_mat_compare(mat_x, mat_y, na.rm= TRUE)
 }

edd@rob:/tmp/imputeMulti(master)$ 

进行这些简化，运行compileAttributes() 来更新两个RcppExports 文件，然后就开心了。