Python，复制，重命名和运行命令

Question

我的公司有一个小任务

我有多个以 swale-randomnumber 开头的文件

然后我想复制到某个目录（shutil.copy 是否允许通配符？）

无论如何，我想选择最大的文件并将其重命名为sync.dat，然后运行一个程序。

我明白了逻辑，我将使用一个循环来完成每个单独的工作，然后继续进行下一个工作，但我不确定如何选择一个最大的文件或一个文件，因为当我输入 swale* 肯定会选择它们吗？

抱歉，我还没有编写任何源代码，我仍在努力弄清楚它是如何工作的。

感谢您提供的任何帮助

Answer 1

this question 的公认答案提出了一个很好的可移植的文件复制实现，支持通配符：

from glob import iglob
from shutil import copy
from os.path import join

def copy_files(src_glob, dst_folder):
    for fname in iglob(src_glob):
        copy(fname, join(dst_folder, fname))

如果要比较文件大小，可以使用以下任一函数：

import os
os.path.getsize(path)
os.stat(path).st_size 

Answer 2

这可能有效：

import os.path
import glob
import shutil

source = "My Source Path" # Replace these variables with the appropriate data
dest = "My Dest Path"
command = "My command"

# Find the files that need to be copied
files = glob.glob(os.path.join(source, "swale-*"))

# Copy the files to the destination
for file in files:
     shutil.copy(os.path.join(source, "swale-*"), dest)

# Create a sorted list of files - using the file sizes
# biggest first, and then use the 1st item 
biggest = sorted([file for file in files], 
        cmp=lambda x,y : cmp(x,y), 
        key=lambda x: os.path.size( os.path.join( dest, x)),  reverse = True)[0]

# Rename that biggest file to swale.dat
shutil.move( os.path.join(dest,biggest), os.path.join(dest,"swale.date") )

# Run the command 
os.system( command ) 
# Only use os.system if you know your command is completely secure and you don't need the output. Use the popen module if you need more security and need the output.

注意：这些都没有经过测试 - 但它应该可以工作

Answer 3

from os import *
from os.path import *

directory = '/your/directory/'

# You now have list of files in directory that starts with "swale-"
fileList = [join(directory,f) for f in listdir(directory) if f.startswith("swale-") and isfile(join(directory,f))]

# Order it by file size - from big to small
fileList.sort(key=getsize, reverse=True)

# First file in array is biggest
biggestFile = fileList[0]

# Do whatever you want with this files - using shutil.*, os.*, or anything else..
# ...
# ...