如何判断数组中的任何元素是否是给定字符串的子字符串？

Question

我想知道在 Python 中是否有更有效的方法来执行此操作。 I found a good solution in Ruby 但它似乎相当具体。

基本上，我从 API 获取天气状况数据，并希望将它们的许多细微差别标准化到七个我可以轻松处理的状况。

def standardize_weather_conditions(s):
    clear_chars = ['clear', 'sunny']
    clouds_chars = ['cloudy', 'overcast', 'fog']
    storm_chars = ['thunder']
    freezing_chars = ['ice', 'sleet', 'freezing rain', 'freezing drizzle']
    snow_chars = ['snow', 'blizzard']
    rain_chars = ['rain', 'drizzle', 'mist']

    if any_in_string(s, clear_chars):
        conditions = 'clear'
    elif any_in_string(s, clouds_chars):
        conditions = 'clouds'
    elif any_in_string(s, storm_chars):
        conditions = 'storm'
    elif any_in_string(s, freezing_chars):
        conditions = 'freezing'
    elif any_in_string(s, snow_chars):
        conditions = 'snow'
    elif any_in_string(s, wet_chars):
        conditions = 'wet'
    else:
        conditions = 'other'
    return conditions

def any_in_string(s, array):
    for e in array:
        if e in s:
            return True
    return False

Answer 1

你可以这样定义：

def any_in_string(s, lst):
    return any(word in s for word in lst)

Answer 2

any_in_string 可以通过 return any([x in s for x in array]) 变成单行符

然后您可以制作一个字典，将您的描述映射到您的搜索词列表：

all_chars = {'clear':clear_chars, \
             'clouds':clouds_chars, \
             'storm':storm_chars, \
             'freezing':freezing_chars, \
             'snow':snow_chars, \
             'wet':rain_chars }

for key in all_chars.keys():
     if any_in_string(s, all_chars[keys]):
         return key

return 'other'

这将有助于避免您拥有的“意大利面条代码”if-else 块。

如果你想更花哨一点，可以将上面的 for 循环更改为：

conditions = [x for x in all_chars.keys() if any_in_string(s, all_chars[x])]
conditions = ' and '.join(conditions)
return conditions

这样你可以得到类似cloudy and wet的东西。