这更像是一种解决方法，它涉及一些限制，但根据您的目标，它可能适合您的需求。或者不。
AFAIK 您将无法使用 XmlHttpRequest 实现此目的，但您可以使用 FileReader 加载文件。您可以在此 SO 中找到一个工作示例
How to open a local disk file with Javascript?
缺点是必须通过手动交互触发 FileReader。因此，如果没有用户 ( YOU ) 单击并浏览要加载的文件，您将无法加载文件。
你能解决吗？
如果是这样，那就更糟糕了，因为一旦加载完毕，只需将文件内容放入localeStorage，这样下次加载页面，或者刷新页面时，文件中的数据就可以来了来自 localeStorage，您不必手动选择要再次加载的文件。当然，除非文件已更改，但由于您不在服务器/网络服务器上，因此文件自动更改的可能性很低。所以我猜如果你必须手动更改文件，你也可以接受一次手动干预。
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/localStorage
如果您还没有选择，请考虑在文件和 localeStorage 中使用 JSON 格式的文本，它可以简化您的数据转换。
[编辑]当然，如果您的文件永远不会更改，只需将您的数据嵌入到 javascript 变量中。
[编辑 2] 示例
<body>
<!-- The input widget to select a file from browse -->
<input type="file" id="file-input" />
<!-- testing purpose only, a markup to display the loaded file content -->
<h3>Loading a file:</h3>
<pre id="file-content"></pre>
<script>
// Place a listener to know when the page is loaded
window.addEventListener('load',function(e){
// If there is some persistent data on the browser called 'stored_data'
if( localStorage.getItem('stored_data')){
// We can do something with this data
// without asking a user interaction at first
// User interaction could be done in order to refresh the data ( file changed since storing in browser cache )
doSomethingWithFileContents();
}
});
/**
* This is the callback of the addEventListener, it will be executed each time user select a file
* It's linked below, on the addEventListener call
*/
function readSingleFile(e) {
//retrieve the first selected file the user has select
var file = e.target.files[0];
// If no file selected, abort this function execution
if (!file) {
return;
}
// If a file is selected, create a new file reader
var reader = new FileReader();
// Define a callback to be run when the file will be loaded
reader.onload = function(e) {
// You can still use some console.log for debugging purpose
//console.log(e);
// Retrive the content of the loaded file
var contents = e.target.result;
// To enable some persistency, store the contents into a localeStorage
// It means next time you load the page, the data could come from the browser cache
localStorage.setItem('stored_data', contents );
// Will can now call the logic what we need to do with the file content
doSomethingWithFileContents();
};
// Trigger the file reader to load the selected file
reader.readAsText(file);
}
/**
* This function will be executed when data is ready.
* You should implements the logic that should be run with the file data
*
* - Data is ready could mean:
* - Data was available through localStorage
* - Data has just been loaded through FileReader
*/
function doSomethingWithFileContents() {
// Retrieve the cached data
var loadedData = localStorage.getItem('stored_data');
// Get the element that will display the raw data
var element = document.getElementById('file-content');
// Set its content to the storedData
element.textContent = loadedData;
// Once again, I strongly recommend you to use JSON formatted value in the file
// It will enable some easy transformation/parsing from js side
}
// Place a addEventListener on the file-input id element
// When its value changed, run the readSingleFile function
document.getElementById('file-input').addEventListener('change', readSingleFile, false);
</script>
</body>