如何将 Vulkan 添加到跨平台 CMake 项目？例子？

Question

我想在我的 CMake 项目中使用 Vulkan 我应该如何进行？

查看 Vulkan 样本并不能真正揭示如何做事。许多教程坚持要求您修改自己的环境以使事情正常进行。

理想情况下，我只是希望它能够轻松工作，而不必担心包含目录/链接。

Answer 1

这就是 CMake 和开源的美妙之处。

我在示例中使用的是 Windows / Visual Studio 2019，但这并不重要。

首先下载Vulkan SDK：https://www.lunarg.com/vulkan-sdk/

为了安全起见重新启动计算机（环境变量）。 VulkanSDK 将环境变量放到您的系统中。 （我知道从技术上讲，您不必重新启动计算机，但我不想上环境变量速成课程）

现在我们可以进入 CMake。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.19)

project(EXAMPLE
    LANGUAGES CXX
)

find_package(Vulkan REQUIRED)

add_executable(foobar)

target_sources(foobar PRIVATE main.cpp)

target_link_libraries(foobar PRIVATE Vulkan::Vulkan)

这就是我的 main.cpp 的样子

#include "vulkan/vulkan.h"
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::cout << "Hello World\n";
}

这就是我的 CMake 构建命令的样子：

PS C:\git\vulkan_example> cmake -S . -B build
-- Building for: Visual Studio 16 2019
-- Selecting Windows SDK version 10.0.19041.0 to target Windows 10.0.21327.
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.29.29917.0
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Preview/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.29.29917/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Found Vulkan: C:/VulkanSDK/1.2.170.0/Lib/vulkan-1.lib  
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: C:/git/vulkan_example/build
PS C:\git\vulkan_example> cmake --build build --verbose
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 16.10.0-preview-21118-01+f0eebf287 for .NET Framework
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Build started 3/11/2021 10:20:28 AM.
Project "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\ALL_BUILD.vcxproj" on node 1 (default targets).
Project "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\ALL_BUILD.vcxproj" (1) is building "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\ZERO_CHECK.vcxproj" (2) on node 1 (default targets).
PrepareForBuild:
  Creating directory "x64\Debug\ZERO_CHECK\".
  Creating directory "x64\Debug\ZERO_CHECK\ZERO_CHECK.tlog\".
InitializeBuildStatus:
  Creating "x64\Debug\ZERO_CHECK\ZERO_CHECK.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild" because "AlwaysCreate" was specified.
CustomBuild:
  Checking Build System
FinalizeBuildStatus:
  Deleting file "x64\Debug\ZERO_CHECK\ZERO_CHECK.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild".
  Touching "x64\Debug\ZERO_CHECK\ZERO_CHECK.tlog\ZERO_CHECK.lastbuildstate".
Done Building Project "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\ZERO_CHECK.vcxproj" (default targets).

Project "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\ALL_BUILD.vcxproj" (1) is building "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\foobar.vcxproj" (3) on node 1 (default targets).
PrepareForBuild:
  Creating directory "foobar.dir\Debug\".
  Creating directory "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\Debug\".
  Creating directory "foobar.dir\Debug\foobar.tlog\".
InitializeBuildStatus:
  Creating "foobar.dir\Debug\foobar.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild" because "AlwaysCreate" was specified.
CustomBuild:
  Building Custom Rule C:/git/vulkan_example/CMakeLists.txt
ClCompile:
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Preview\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.29917\bin\HostX64\x64\CL.exe /c /IC:\VulkanSDK\1.2.170.0\Include /Zi /nologo /W1 /WX- /diagnostics:column /Od /Ob0 /D WIN32 /D _WIND
  OWS /D "CMAKE_INTDIR=\"Debug\"" /D _MBCS /Gm- /EHsc /RTC1 /MDd /GS /fp:precise /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /Zc:inline /GR /Fo"foobar.dir\Debug\\" /Fd"foobar.dir\Debug\vc142.pdb" /Gd /TP /errorReport:queue C:\git\vul 
  kan_example\main.cpp
  main.cpp
Link:
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Preview\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.29917\bin\HostX64\x64\link.exe /ERRORREPORT:QUEUE /OUT:"C:\git\vulkan_example\build\Debug\foobar.exe" /INCREMENTAL /NOLOGO "C:\Vulka
  nSDK\1.2.170.0\Lib\vulkan-1.lib" kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib /MANIFEST /MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false'" /m 
  anifest:embed /DEBUG /PDB:"C:/git/vulkan_example/build/Debug/foobar.pdb" /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE /TLBID:1 /DYNAMICBASE /NXCOMPAT /IMPLIB:"C:/git/vulkan_example/build/Debug/foobar.lib" /MACHINE:X64  /machine:x64 foobar 
  .dir\Debug\main.obj
  foobar.vcxproj -> C:\git\vulkan_example\build\Debug\foobar.exe
FinalizeBuildStatus:
  Deleting file "foobar.dir\Debug\foobar.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild".
  Touching "foobar.dir\Debug\foobar.tlog\foobar.lastbuildstate".
Done Building Project "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\foobar.vcxproj" (default targets).

PrepareForBuild:
  Creating directory "x64\Debug\ALL_BUILD\".
  Creating directory "x64\Debug\ALL_BUILD\ALL_BUILD.tlog\".
InitializeBuildStatus:
  Creating "x64\Debug\ALL_BUILD\ALL_BUILD.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild" because "AlwaysCreate" was specified.
CustomBuild:
  Building Custom Rule C:/git/vulkan_example/CMakeLists.txt
FinalizeBuildStatus:
  Deleting file "x64\Debug\ALL_BUILD\ALL_BUILD.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild".
  Touching "x64\Debug\ALL_BUILD\ALL_BUILD.tlog\ALL_BUILD.lastbuildstate".
Done Building Project "C:\git\vulkan_example\build\ALL_BUILD.vcxproj" (default targets).


Build succeeded.
    0 Warning(s)
    0 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:01.19
PS C:\git\vulkan_example>