使用 Newtonsoft.Json 反序列化时出现 System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException

Question

我正在使用 Newtonsoft JSON 反序列化包含接口的对象。 Newtonsoft 在“弄清楚”如何在反序列化时将接口映射到它们的具体类型时遇到了麻烦，所以我按照this answer 中的指示来解决这个问题。

我正在做以下反序列化：

var converter = new JsonSerializer();
converter.Converters.Add(new DeviceCalibrationConverter());

// Obviously parameter.value and typeObj being the JSON and Type respectively
// I can see stepping through this that these are, in fact, the correct values
object deserialized = converter.Deserialize(new StringReader(parameter.Value), typeObj);

我正在使用 DeviceCalibrationConverter 对象尝试将我的接口映射到它的具体类型：

public class DeviceCalibrationConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        // I am trying to map the IDeviceCalibration interface to its concrete type (DeviceCalibration)
        return objectType.Equals(typeof(IDeviceCalibration));
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        return serializer.Deserialize(reader, typeof(DeviceCalibration));
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        serializer.Serialize(writer, value);
    }
}

我目前收到“ArgumentOutOfRangeException”。完整的异常详情如下：

System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException was unhandled
  HResult=-2146233086
  Message=Version's parameters must be greater than or equal to zero.
Parameter name: build
  Source=mscorlib
  ParamName=build
  StackTrace:
       at System.Version..ctor(Int32 major, Int32 minor, Int32 build, Int32 revision)
       at Void .ctor(Int32, Int32, Int32, Int32)(Object[] )
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateObjectUsingCreatorWithParameters(JsonReader reader, JsonObjectContract contract, JsonProperty containerProperty, ObjectConstructor`1 creator, String id)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateNewObject(JsonReader reader, JsonObjectContract objectContract, JsonProperty containerMember, JsonProperty containerProperty, String id, Boolean& createdFromNonDefaultCreator)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateObject(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerMember, Object existingValue)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateValueInternal(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerMember, Object existingValue)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.SetPropertyValue(JsonProperty property, JsonConverter propertyConverter, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerProperty, JsonReader reader, Object target)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.PopulateObject(Object newObject, JsonReader reader, JsonObjectContract contract, JsonProperty member, String id)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateObject(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerMember, Object existingValue)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateValueInternal(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerMember, Object existingValue)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.SetPropertyValue(JsonProperty property, JsonConverter propertyConverter, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerProperty, JsonReader reader, Object target)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.PopulateObject(Object newObject, JsonReader reader, JsonObjectContract contract, JsonProperty member, String id)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateObject(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerMember, Object existingValue)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.CreateValueInternal(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerMember, Object existingValue)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.JsonSerializerInternalReader.Deserialize(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, Boolean checkAdditionalContent)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer.DeserializeInternal(JsonReader reader, Type objectType)
       at Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer.Deserialize(TextReader reader, Type objectType)
       at FunctionalTesting.ExecuteXMLScript.Execute() in [folder]\ExecuteXMLScript.cs:line 141
       at FunctionalTesting.TestRunner.RunTests() in [folder]\TestRunner.cs:line 102
       at FunctionalTesting.Program.Main(String[] args) in [folder]\Program.cs:line 43
       at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(RuntimeAssembly assembly, String[] args)
       at System.AppDomain.ExecuteAssembly(String assemblyFile, Evidence assemblySecurity, String[] args)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly()
       at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart_Context(Object state)
       at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
       at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
       at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
       at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()
  InnerException: 

顺便说一句，这发生在我尝试调用反序列化的那一行。

编辑：整个JSON相当长，但事实证明有问题的行如下：

{"State":"needs-translation","OriginalString":"LP","StringID":[id],"StringValue":"LP"}}],
"MarketingFeatures":null,
 "CDIDriver" {"Name":"[Product Name]",
 "Version":{"Major":1,"Minor":0,"Build":-1,"Revision":-1,"MajorRevision":-1,"MinorRevision":-1}}

特别是，在“版本”中反序列化为：

{"Major":1,"Minor":0,"Build":-1,"Revision":-1,"MajorRevision":-1,"MinorRevision":-1}

这会反序列化为System.Version 类，这是无效的，因此会产生我上面列出的异常。

顺便说一句，CDIDriver 创建 Version 对象如下：

Version = new Version((int)major, (int)minor);

这是完全有效的，事实上，文档确实说使用所描述的这个构造函数会将构建和修订设置为 -1（如 JSON 中所示）。那么，我的问题是，如果这是一个完全有效的对象文档状态，为什么当我尝试反序列化它时它会产生这个异常？

我知道尝试执行 new Version(1, 0, -1, -1) 之类的操作会产生异常，这是记录在案的行为。 （这似乎是非常奇怪的行为，因为这会导致有效的对象状态，但这只是我的意见）。有什么办法可以解决：

new Version(1, 0, 0, 0)

只是为了使反序列化工作？

Answer 1

Version 没有以正确的方式序列化。

如果操作正确，它应该是这样的：

{
    ...
    "Version": "1.0"
}

这可以通过使用VersionConverter 来实现，如下所示：

var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new Version(1, 0), new VersionConverter());

反序列化也要用到这个转换器：

var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Version>(json, new VersionConverter());

工作示例：https://dotnetfiddle.net/eAqwip

请注意，您还可以使用 JsonConverterAttribute 注释反序列化的类以自动实现相同的目的：

public class DeviceCalibration
{
    ...

    [JsonConverter(typeof(VersionConverter))]
    public Version Version { get; set }
}

如果您无权访问序列化程序代码，恐怕您将不得不“手动”修复 Json 字符串或编写自己的 VersionConverter 来处理 -1 值。