将 JSON 对象的成员解析为 Bash 变量

Question

假设，我已经安装了这个包jq。所以我运行了这个命令

curl -s ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111

得到这个结果

{
  "ip": "33.62.137.111",
  "city": "Columbus",
  "region": "Ohio",
  "country": "US",
  "loc": "39.9690,-83.0114",
  "postal": "43218",
  "timezone": "America/New_York",
  "readme": "https://ipinfo.io/missingauth"
}

我知道我可以通过这样做获得city

curl -s ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111 | jq -r '.city' 

我知道我可以通过这样做获得region

curl -s ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111 | jq -r '. region' 

我正在尝试 curl 7 次以创建 7 个变量。

有没有办法根据第一个 curl 响应创建多个变量？

Answer 1

在 Bash 4+ 中使用关联数组很容易：

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Map the JSON response into an associative array
declare -A "assoc_array=($(
  curl -s ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111 |
    jq -r 'to_entries[] | "[\(.key | @sh)]=\(.value | @sh)"'
))"
IFS=, read -r assoc_array[lat] assoc_array[long] <<<"${assoc_array[loc]}"

echo "Here is how assoc_array was declared/created"
echo
typeset -p assoc_array
echo
echo

# Display the content of the associative array
echo "Here is a breakdown of all entries in the assoc_array:"
echo
for k in "${!assoc_array[@]}"; do
  printf '%q = %q\n' "$k" "${assoc_array[$k]}"
done

样本输出：

Here is how assoc_array was declared/created

declare -A assoc_array=([country]="US" [region]="Ohio" [city]="Columbus" [timezone]="America/New_York" [ip]="33.62.137.111" [lat]="39.9690" [readme]="https://ipinfo.io/missingauth" [long]="-83.0114" [loc]="39.9690,-83.0114" [postal]="43218" )


Here is a breakdown of all entries in the assoc_array:

country = US
region = Ohio
city = Columbus
timezone = America/New_York
ip = 33.62.137.111
lat = 39.9690
readme = https://ipinfo.io/missingauth
long = -83.0114
loc = 39.9690\,-83.0114
postal = 43218

对于较旧的 Bash，它有点棘手，但在这里

它通过 ASCII ETX 分隔值（End of Tex 的值 3 t) 并生成带有jq 的字段流，然后将每个变量读入可预测的顺序。如果 JSON 响应对象中缺少键，则该字段将为空。

与关联数组方法相反，必须事先知道键名并以预测的顺序提供（所有这些都由长 jq 查询处理）。

#!/usr/bin/env bash

IFS=$'\3' read -r ip hostname city region country lat long postal timezone readme < <(
  curl -s ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111 |
    jq -r '"\(.ip+"\u0003")\(.hostname+"\u0003")\(.city+"\u0003")\(.region+"\u0003")\(.country+"\u0003")\(.loc | split(",") |"\(.[0]+"\u0003")\(.[1]+"\u0003")")\(.postal+"\u0003")\(.timezone+"\u0003")\(.readme+"\u0003")"'
)

printf 'ip = %q\n' "$ip"
printf 'hostname = %q\n' "$hostname"
printf 'city = %q\n' "$city"
printf 'region = %q\n' "$region"
printf 'country = %q\n' "$country"
printf 'latitude = %q\n' "$lat"
printf 'longitude = %q\n' "$long"
printf 'postal code = %q\n' "$postal"
printf 'timezone = %q\n' "$timezone"
printf 'readme = %q\n' "$readme"

样本输出：

ip = 33.62.137.111
hostname = ''
city = Columbus
region = Ohio
country = US
latitude = 39.9690
longitude = -83.0114
postal code = 43218
timezone = America/New_York
readme = https://ipinfo.io/missingauth

Answer 2

您可能对xidel 感兴趣。您的用例不需要curl、jq，甚至不需要 Bash 脚本。

检索 JSON：

xidel -s --user-agent=curl "https://ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111" -e '$json'
{
  "ip": "33.62.137.111",
  "city": "Columbus",
  "region": "Ohio",
  "country": "US",
  "loc": "39.9690,-83.0114",
  "postal": "43218",
  "timezone": "America/New_York",
  "readme": "https://ipinfo.io/missingauth"
}

解析 JSON，使用 Xidel 的 eval() 函数为每个键值对自动创建（内部）变量，并使用 Bash 内置的 eval 命令将它们转换为 shell 变量：

xidel -s --user-agent=curl "https://ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111" -e '$json() ! eval(x"{.}:=$json/{.}")[0]' --output-format=bash
ip='33.62.137.111'
city='Columbus'
region='Ohio'
country='US'
loc='39.9690,-83.0114'
postal='43218'
timezone='America/New_York'
readme='https://ipinfo.io/missingauth'
result=

eval "$(xidel -s --user-agent=curl "https://ipinfo.io/33.62.137.111" -e '$json() ! eval(x"{.}:=$json/{.}")[0]' --output-format=bash)"

printf '%s\n' $ip $city $region $country $loc $postal $timezone $readme
33.62.137.111
Columbus
Ohio
US
39.9690,-83.0114
43218
America/New_York
https://ipinfo.io/missingauth