序列化 django-rest-framework 中的通用关系

Question

我正在尝试学习如何在 Django-Rest-Framework 中使用 GenericRelations。我找到了serializer relations 的文档页面并遵循了代码。 我创建了模型：

class TaggedItem(models.Model):
    """
    Tags arbitary model instance using a generic relation.

    """
    tag_name = models.SlugField()
    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType)
    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    tagged_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.tag_name

class Bookmark(models.Model):
    """
    A bookmark consists of a URL, and 0 or more descriptive tags.
    """
    link_url = models.URLField()
    tags = GenericRelation(TaggedItem)

class Note(models.Model):
    """
    A note consists of some texts, and 0 or more descriptive tags
    """
    text = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    tags = GenericRelation(TaggedItem)

我创建了序列化程序：

class BookmarkSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Bookmark
        fields = ('url', 'link_url', )


class NoteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Note
        fields = ('url', 'text', )


class TaggedObjectRelatedField(serializers.RelatedField):
    """
    A custom field to use for the 'tagged_object' generic relationship
    """

    def to_representation(self, value):
        """
        Serialize tagged objects to their respective serializer formats
        :param value:
        :return:
            serializer.data
        """
        if isinstance(value, Bookmark):
            return 'Bookmark: ' + value.url
        elif isinstance(value, Note):
            return 'Note: ' + value.text
        raise Exception('Unexpected type of tagged object')


class TaggedItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tagged_object = TaggedObjectRelatedField()
    class Meta:
        model = TaggedItem
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'tag_name', 'tagged_object')

现在 TaggedItemSerializer 内的 TaggedObjectRelatedField() 的输入应该是什么？ 目前我收到错误

  File "/home/aswin/Documents/WebProjects/drf_practice/uni_auth//loginpage/login/serializers.py", line 76, in TaggedItemSerializer
    tagged_object = TaggedObjectRelatedField()
  File "/home/aswin/Documents/WebProjects/drf_practice/uni_auth/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/relations.py", line 80, in __init__
    'Relational field must provide a `queryset` argument, '
AssertionError: Relational field must provide a `queryset` argument, override `get_queryset`, or set read_only=`True`.

我也尝试将参数设置为 read_only=True，但它抛出了同样的错误。只是为了说明我所做的：

class TaggedItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tagged_object = TaggedObjectRelatedField(read_only=True)

请帮我解决这个问题

Answer 1

我在你提到的关于序列化 TaggedItem 的文章中没有看到任何内容，你为什么要序列化 ​​TaggedItem？

这是我的序列化程序类：

from models import Bookmark, Note, TaggedItem
from rest_framework import serializers


class TaggedObjectRelatedField(serializers.RelatedField):
    def to_representation(self, value):
        if isinstance(value, Bookmark):
            serializer = BookMarkSerializer(value)
        elif isinstance(value, Note):
            serializer = NoteSerializer(value)
        else:
            raise Exception('Unexpected type of tagged object')

        return serializer.data


class BookMarkSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    tags = TaggedObjectRelatedField(many=True, queryset=TaggedItem.objects.all())

    class Meta:
        model = Bookmark
        fields = ('pk', 'url', 'tags')


class NoteSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    tags = TaggedObjectRelatedField(many=True, queryset=TaggedItem.objects.all())

    class Meta:
        model = Note
        fields = ('pk', 'text', 'tags')

Answer 2

聚会有点晚了，但我想如果你想为TaggedItem 创建一个序列化程序，你可以签出rest-framework-generic-relations。因此，根据他们的文档，您可以创建如下内容：

from generic_relations.relations import GenericRelatedField

class TagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    A `TaggedItem` serializer with a `GenericRelatedField` mapping all possible
    models to their respective serializers.
    """
    tagged_object = GenericRelatedField({
        Bookmark: BookmarkSerializer(),
        Note: NoteSerializer()
    })

    class Meta:
        model = TaggedItem
        fields = ('tag_name', 'tagged_object')

或类似：

class TagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    A `Tag` serializer with a `GenericRelatedField` mapping all possible
    models to properly set up `HyperlinkedRelatedField`s.
    """
    tagged_object = GenericRelatedField({
        Bookmark: serializers.HyperlinkedRelatedField(
            queryset = Bookmark.objects.all(),
            view_name='bookmark-detail',
        ),
        Note: serializers.HyperlinkedRelatedField(
            queryset = Note.objects.all(),
            view_name='note-detail',
        ),
    })

    class Meta:
        model = TaggedItem
        fields = ('tag_name', 'tagged_object')