重新启动服务器后出现 ORA-12514 错误

Question

我在服务器上安装了 oracle 11g，.Net oracle 客户端将访问数据库。
直到昨天我还在使用这个连接字符串从客户端连接：

User ID=dbcplas;Password=pwd123;Data Source=(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.26.7)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = orcl.cplas3.com)))  

直到昨天，我还能够在同一个客户端中使用 Oracle SQL Developer。
今天早上我们重新启动了服务器进行维护。重启服务器后，我无法从客户端.Net应用程序或sqldeveloper登录。
我可以通过服务器系统的sql plus登录。
除此之外，我无法通过任何其他方式登录。
服务器端 sql-developer 也无法正常工作。
我从服务器提供了以下详细信息：

lsnrctl 服务：

    C:\Users\Administrator>lsnrctl services

LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2014 15:
:45

Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.17.26.7)(PORT=1521
)
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
    Handler(s):
      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0
         LOCAL SERVER
The command completed successfully

lsnrctl 状态：

C:\Users\Administrator>lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2014 15:20
:42

Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.17.26.7)(PORT=1521))
)
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Produ
ction
Start Date                07-JAN-2014 13:17:40
Uptime                    0 days 2 hr. 3 min. 7 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\a
dmin\listener.ora
Listener Log File         e:\app\administrator\diag\tnslsnr\cplas3\listener\aler
t\log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.17.26.7)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully  

LISTENER.ORA

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.26.7)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\administrator  

SQLNET.ORA

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to 
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native 
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)


TNSFILES.ORA

    # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
    # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

    ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS_LIST =
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
        )
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SID = CLRExtProc)
          (PRESENTATION = RO)
        )
      )

    ORCL =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.26.7)(PORT = 1521))
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVER = DEDICATED)
          (SERVICE_NAME = orcl.cplas3.com)
        )
      ) 

tnsping 结果 - orcl.cplas3.com

C:\Users\Administrator>tnsping orcl.cplas3.com

TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2
014 15:30:44

Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

TNS-03505: Failed to resolve name

tnsping 结果 - orcl

C:\Users\Administrator>tnsping orcl

TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2
014 15:31:22

Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
E:\app\administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.2
6.7)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl.cpl
as3.com)))
OK (1560 msec)

错误：
来自 .Net 应用程序：
ORA-12514 TNS:Listener 当前不知道连接描述符中的服务请求。

为什么lsnrctl status没有显示orcl的状态？？
我尝试启动 orcl 服务。但它的说法已经开始..
可能是什么问题？？

Answer 1

从 cmets 看来，default local_listener parameter 可能正在尝试使用来自新网络适配器的动态 IP，因此它没有使用侦听器正在使用的相同地址。解决此问题的最简单方法可能是手动设置该参数：

alter system set local_listener = '(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.17.26.7)(PORT=1521))' scope=memory;
alter system register;

或者我认为您可以使用更短的版本，但我现在无法验证：

alter system set local_listener = '172.17.26.7:1521' scope=memory;
alter system register;

如果可行 - 也就是说，lsnrctl services 现在显示 orcl - 并且您对此感到满意，请将 memory 更改为 both 并重新执行，以便它在下次数据库重新启动时仍然存在。

另一个版本是在tnsnames.ora 中定义监听器，然后使用该别名作为local_listener 值；如果静态 IP 发生更改，这可能会使更改变得更容易，因为您只需要更改 listener.ora 和 tnsnames.ora（当然还有您的所有客户端），您不必修改DB参数直接。这可能仅在您有不同的人管理数据库和这些文件时才有用，这不太可能；但可能会更整洁一些。