当 Player 与具有特定标签的对象碰撞时 Unity3D 播放声音

Question

我使用 Unity 2019.2.14f1 创建了一个简单的 3D 游戏。

在那个游戏中，我想在我的播放器与带有特定标签的游戏​​对象发生碰撞时播放声音。

MainCamera 有一个音频监听器，我正在使用 Cinemachine Free Look，它在 ThridPersonController 内跟随我的头像（我使用的是 Standard Assets 上的那个 - 但我隐藏了 Ethan 并添加了我自己的角色/头像）。

带有我要销毁的标签的游戏​​对象有一个音频源：

---

为了让声音在碰撞时播放，我首先创建了一个空的游戏对象作为 AudioManager，并在其中添加了一个新组件（C# 脚本）：

using UnityEngine.Audio;
using System;
using UnityEngine;

public class AudioManager : MonoBehaviour
{

    public Sound[] sounds;

    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Awake()
    {
        foreach (Sound s in sounds)
        {
            s.source = gameObject.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
            s.source.clip = s.clip;

            s.source.volume = s.volume;
            s.source.pitch = s.pitch;
        }
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    public void Play (string name)
    {
        Sound s = Array.Find(sounds, sound => sound.name == name);
        s.source.Play();
    }
}

并创建了脚本 Sound.cs：

using UnityEngine.Audio;
using UnityEngine;

[System.Serializable]
public class Sound
{
    public string name;

    public AudioClip clip;

    [Range(0f, 1f)]
    public float volume;
    [Range(.1f, 3f)]
    public float pitch;

    [HideInInspector]
    public AudioSource source;
}

之后，在 Unity UI 中，我转到 gameObject AudioManager 中的 Inspector，并在脚本中添加了一个新元素，我将其命名为：CatchingPresent。

在第三人称角色脚本中，为了在与游戏对象（带有特定标签）发生碰撞时破坏它，我添加了以下内容：

void OnCollisionEnter(Collision other)
        {
            if (other.gameObject.CompareTag("Present"))
            {
                Destroy(other.gameObject);
                count = count - 1;
                SetCountText();

            }
        }

它工作正常，因为该特定对象在碰撞时消失。现在，为了在播放器与带有标签的对象（在本例中为Present）碰撞时播放声音“CatchingPresent”，我尝试将以下内容添加到OnCollisionEnter 中的if：

• FindObjectOfType<AudioManager>().Play("CatchingPresent");

但我得到了错误：

找不到类型或命名空间名称“AudioManager”（您是 缺少 using 指令或程序集引用？）

• AudioManager.instance.Play("CatchingPresent");

但我得到了错误：

当前上下文中不存在名称“AudioManager”

由于所有编译器错误都需要在进入播放模式之前修复，任何有关如何在玩家和带有标签Present 的游戏对象发生碰撞后播放声音的指导都非常感谢。

---

编辑 1：假设它有帮助，这里是完整的 ThirdPersonUserControl.cs：

using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using UnityStandardAssets.CrossPlatformInput;

namespace UnityStandardAssets.Characters.ThirdPerson
{
    [RequireComponent(typeof (ThirdPersonCharacter))]
    public class ThirdPersonUserControl : MonoBehaviour
    {

        public Text countText;
        public Text winText;

        private int count;
        private ThirdPersonCharacter m_Character; // A reference to the ThirdPersonCharacter on the object
        private Transform m_Cam;                  // A reference to the main camera in the scenes transform
        private Vector3 m_CamForward;             // The current forward direction of the camera
        private Vector3 m_Move;
        private bool m_Jump;                      // the world-relative desired move direction, calculated from the camForward and user input.


        private void Start()
        {

            count = 20;
            SetCountText();
            winText.text = "";

            // get the transform of the main camera
            if (Camera.main != null)
            {
                m_Cam = Camera.main.transform;
            }
            else
            {
                Debug.LogWarning(
                    "Warning: no main camera found. Third person character needs a Camera tagged \"MainCamera\", for camera-relative controls.", gameObject);
                // we use self-relative controls in this case, which probably isn't what the user wants, but hey, we warned them!
            }

            // get the third person character ( this should never be null due to require component )
            m_Character = GetComponent<ThirdPersonCharacter>();
        }


        private void Update()
        {
            if (!m_Jump)
            {
                m_Jump = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetButtonDown("Jump");
            }
        }


        // Fixed update is called in sync with physics
        private void FixedUpdate()
        {
            // read inputs
            float h = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Horizontal");
            float v = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Vertical");
            bool crouch = Input.GetKey(KeyCode.C);

            // calculate move direction to pass to character
            if (m_Cam != null)
            {
                // calculate camera relative direction to move:
                m_CamForward = Vector3.Scale(m_Cam.forward, new Vector3(1, 0, 1)).normalized;
                m_Move = v*m_CamForward + h*m_Cam.right;
            }
            else
            {
                // we use world-relative directions in the case of no main camera
                m_Move = v*Vector3.forward + h*Vector3.right;
            }
#if !MOBILE_INPUT
            // walk speed multiplier
            if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftShift)) m_Move *= 0.5f;
#endif

            // pass all parameters to the character control script
            m_Character.Move(m_Move, crouch, m_Jump);
            m_Jump = false;
        }

        void OnCollisionEnter(Collision other)
        {
            if (other.gameObject.CompareTag("Present"))
            {
                Destroy(other.gameObject);
                count = count - 1;
                SetCountText();

                //FindObjectOfType<AudioManager>().Play("CatchingPresent");
                AudioManager.instance.Play("CatchingPresent");
            }
        }

        void SetCountText()
        {
            countText.text = "Missing: " + count.ToString();
            if (count == 0)
            {
                winText.text = "You saved Christmas!";
            }
        }
    }
}

---

编辑 2：Unity 中的层次结构：

Answer 1

重新制定我遵循的方法并通过简单地将音频源添加到 ThirdPersonController（使用我想要调用的 AudioClip）并将GetComponent<AudioSource>().Play(); 添加到 if 语句中来解决问题，如下所示：

void OnCollisionEnter(Collision other)
        {
            if (other.gameObject.CompareTag("Present"))
            {
                Destroy(other.gameObject);
                count = count - 1;
                SetCountText();
                GetComponent<AudioSource>().Play();
            }
        }

Answer 2

在使用FindObjectOfType<AudioManager>().Play("CatchingPresent"); 时，自己导入脚本没有任何问题。尝试从编辑器重新导入脚本（右键单击项目文件夹 > 重新导入全部。这可能需要一段时间，具体取决于项目的大小）

要使用AudioManager.instance.Play("CatchingPresent");，您首先需要像这样创建一个包含instance 的静态变量（这仅作为单例工作，如果场景中有多个AudioManager，则会中断）：

public class AudioManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    //Create a static AudioManager that will hold the reference to this instance of AudioManager
    public static AudioManager Instance;
    public Sound[] sounds;

    //Assign Instance to the instance of this AudioManager in the constructor
    AudioManager()
    {
        Instance = this;
    }

    // Rest of the AudioManager code
}

这样做，并使用您的其余代码也适用于我。