为什么我在 DataGridView 中有问号而不是文本？

Question

所以我正在用 C# 和 Sql 编写一个程序，我在 Visual Studio 和 DataSet 中创建了一个数据库，并将它连接到 DataGridView。但问题是，当我在 DataGridView 行中插入一些内容时，所有字符串都显示为问号，但使用“int”类型一切正常。

    namespace MH
{
    public partial class PatientForm : Form
    {
        SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(@"Data Source=(LocalDB)\MSSQLLocalDB;AttachDbFilename=C:\Users\Admin\source\repos\MH\MH\MH.mdf;Integrated Security=True");
        public PatientForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        void populate()
        {
            conn.Open();
            string query = "select * from Patient";
            SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(query, conn);
            SqlCommandBuilder builder = new SqlCommandBuilder(da);
            var ds = new DataSet();
            da.Fill(ds);
            PatientGV.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
            conn.Close();

        }

        private void label9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Application.Exit();
        }

        private void PatientForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            populate();
            PatientGV.Columns[0].HeaderText = "ID пациента";
            PatientGV.Columns[1].HeaderText = "Имя";
            PatientGV.Columns[2].HeaderText = "Адрес";
            PatientGV.Columns[3].HeaderText = "Телефон";
            PatientGV.Columns[4].HeaderText = "Возраст";
            PatientGV.Columns[5].HeaderText = "Пол";
            PatientGV.Columns[6].HeaderText = "Группа крови";
            PatientGV.Columns[7].HeaderText = "Основная болезнь";
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Home h = new Home();
            h.Show();
            this.Hide();
        }

        
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            conn.Open();
            string query = "update Patient set PatName = '" + PatName.Text + "', PatAddress = '" + PatAd.Text + "', PatPhone = '" + PatPhone.Text + "', PatAge = '" + PatAge.Text + "', PatGender = '" + GenderCb.SelectedItem.ToString() + "', PatBlood = '" + BloodCb.SelectedItem.ToString() + "', PatDisease = '" + MajorTb.Text + "'  where PatId = '" + PatId.Text + "'";
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query, conn);
            cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            MessageBox.Show("Пациент успешно обновлен");
            conn.Close();
            populate();
        }

        private void PatientGV_CellContentClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.RowIndex >= 0)
            {
                DataGridViewRow row = this.PatientGV.Rows[e.RowIndex];
                PatId.Text = row.Cells[0].Value.ToString();
                PatName.Text = row.Cells[1].Value.ToString();
                PatAd.Text = row.Cells[2].Value.ToString();
                PatPhone.Text = row.Cells[3].Value.ToString();
                PatAge.Text = row.Cells[4].Value.ToString();
                MajorTb.Text = row.Cells[7].Value.ToString();
            }
        }



        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (PatId.Text == "" || PatName.Text == "" || PatAd.Text == "" || PatPhone.Text == "" || PatAge.Text == "" || MajorTb.Text == "")
                MessageBox.Show("Пустые поля не принимаются!");
            else
            {
                conn.Open();
                string query = "insert into Patient values(" + PatId.Text + ",'" + PatName.Text + "','" + PatAd.Text + "','" + PatPhone.Text + "'," + PatAge.Text + "," +
                    "'" + GenderCb.SelectedItem.ToString() + "','" + BloodCb.SelectedItem.ToString() + "','" + MajorTb.Text + "')";
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query, conn);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                MessageBox.Show("Запись успешно добавлена!");
                conn.Close();
                populate();
            }
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (PatId.Text == "")
                MessageBox.Show("Введите ID пациента");
            else
            {
                conn.Open();
                string query = "delete from Patient where PatId=" + PatId.Text + "";
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query, conn);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                MessageBox.Show("Пациент успешно удален");
                conn.Close();
                populate();
            }
        }
    }
}

我很乐意为您提供任何帮助！ 编辑：为澄清添加了表单代码

Answer 1

您可以尝试以下步骤来解决datagirdview中问号的问题。

首先，您可以在数据库中创建下表。

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Patient] (
    [Id]      INT           NOT NULL,
    [Name]    NVARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
    [Age]     INT           NOT NULL,
    [Address] NVARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id] ASC)
);

其次，请尝试以下代码使用SqlParameters向数据库插入数据。

  SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(@"CONNSTR");
        void populate()
        {
            conn.Open();
            string query = "select * from Patient";
            SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(query, conn);
            SqlCommandBuilder builder = new SqlCommandBuilder(da);
            var ds = new DataSet();
            da.Fill(ds);
            dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
            conn.Close();

        }
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            populate();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (txtId.Text == "" || txtName.Text == "" || txtAge.Text == "" || txtAddress.Text == "" )
                MessageBox.Show("Пустые поля не принимаются!");
            else
            {
                conn.Open();
                string query = "insert into Patient(Id,Name,Age,Address)values(@Id,@Name,@Age,@Address)";
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query, conn);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Id",Convert.ToInt32(txtId.Text));
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Name", txtName.Text);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Age", Convert.ToInt32(txtAge.Text));
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Address", txtAddress.Text);

                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                MessageBox.Show("Запись успешно добавлена!");
                conn.Close();
                populate();
            }
        }

结果：