我也来自 Pascal 世界...........而且我也喜欢 Python 对with 的使用(基本上是自动尝试/最终):
with open(filename, "r") as file:
for line in file:
if line.startswith("something"):
do_more()
这就像一个智能 ptr 对象。打开失败不进块;离开区块时,文件是否关闭。
这是一个非常接近 Pascal 的示例,同时也支持 Python 的使用(假设您有一个带有析构函数清理的智能对象);您需要更新的 C++ 标准编译器才能工作。
// Old way
cxGrid_s cxGrid{};
cxGrid.DBTableView.ViewData.Records.FieldByName.value["foo"] = 1;
cxGrid.DBTableView.ViewData.Records.FieldByName.value["bar"] = 2;
cxGrid.DBTableView.ViewData.Records.FieldByName.value["baz"] = 3;
// New Way - FieldByName will now be directly accessible.
// the `;true` is only needed if the call does not return bool or pointer type
if (auto FieldByName = cxGrid.DBTableView.ViewData.Records.FieldByName; true)
{
FieldByName.fn1 = 0;
FieldByName.fn2 = 3;
FieldByName.value["foo"] = 1;
FieldByName.value["bar"] = 2;
FieldByName.value["baz"] = 3;
}
如果你想要更接近:
#define with if
with (auto FieldByName = cxGrid.DBTableView.ViewData.Records.FieldByName; true)
// Similar to the Python example
with (smartFile sf("c:\\file.txt"); sf)
{
fwrite("...", 1, 3, *sf);
}
// Usage with a smart pointer
with (std::unique_ptr<class_name> p = std::make_unique<class_name>())
{
p->DoSomethingAmazing();
// p will be released and cleaned up upon exiting the scope
}
此示例的(快速而肮脏的)支持代码:
#include <map>
#include <string>
struct cxGrid_s {
int g1, g2;
struct DBTableView_s {
int tv1, tv2;
struct ViewData_s {
int vd1, vd2;
struct Records_s {
int r1, r2;
struct FieldByName_s{
int fn1, fn2;
std::map<std::string, int> value;
} FieldByName;
} Records;
} ViewData;
} DBTableView;
};
class smartFile
{
public:
FILE* f{nullptr};
smartFile() = delete;
smartFile(std::string fn) { f = fopen(fn.c_str(), "w"); }
~smartFile() { if (f) fclose(f); f = nullptr; }
FILE* operator*() { return f; }
FILE& operator->() { return *f; }
operator bool() const { return f != nullptr; }
};