如何在 C# 中解析数学表达式？ [复制]

Question

可能重复：
Is there a string math evaluator in .NET?

C#能否将y=3*x + 3等数学表达式解析成字符串？如果是这样，嗬？ 我感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

这是我不久前编写的一些代码，用于解析中缀（运算符操作数运算符）方程。 缺少一些小类和辅助函数，但实现它们应该相当容易。如果您需要它们或任何帮助，请告诉我，我可以将它们上传到某个地方。

这是 Dijkstra 的 Shunting-yard algorithm 的基本实现

public Operand ExpressionTree
{
    get;
    private set;
}

private Stack<Operands.Operand> stack = new Stack<InfixParser.Operands.Operand>();
private Queue<Operands.Operand> outputQueue = new Queue<InfixParser.Operands.Operand>();

private void ParseFormulaString()
{
    //Dijkstra's Shunting Yard Algorithm
    Regex re = new Regex(@"([\+\-\*\(\)\^\/\ ])");
    List<String> tokenList = re.Split(formulaString).Select(t => t.Trim()).Where(t => t != "").ToList();

    for (int tokenNumber = 0; tokenNumber < tokenList.Count(); ++tokenNumber)
    {
        String token = tokenList[tokenNumber];
        TokenClass tokenClass = GetTokenClass(token);

        switch (tokenClass)
        {
            case TokenClass.Value:
                outputQueue.Enqueue(new Value(token));
                break;
            case TokenClass.Function:
                stack.Push(new Function(token, 1));
                break;
            case TokenClass.Operator:
                if (token == "-" && (stack.Count == 0 || tokenList[tokenNumber - 1] == "("))
                {
                    //Push unary operator 'Negative' to stack
                    stack.Push(new Negative());
                    break;
                }
                if (stack.Count > 0)
                {
                    String stackTopToken = stack.Peek().Token;
                    if (GetTokenClass(stackTopToken) == TokenClass.Operator)
                    {
                        Associativity tokenAssociativity = GetOperatorAssociativity(token);
                        int tokenPrecedence = GetOperatorPrecedence(token);
                        int stackTopPrecedence = GetOperatorPrecedence(stackTopToken);

                        if (tokenAssociativity == Associativity.Left && tokenPrecedence <= stackTopPrecedence ||
                            tokenAssociativity == Associativity.Right && tokenPrecedence < stackTopPrecedence)
                        {
                            outputQueue.Enqueue(stack.Pop());
                        }
                    }
                }
                stack.Push(new BinaryOperator(token, Operator.OperatorNotation.Infix));
                break;
            case TokenClass.LeftParen:
                stack.Push(new LeftParenthesis());
                break;
            case TokenClass.RightParen:
                while (!(stack.Peek() is LeftParenthesis))
                {
                    outputQueue.Enqueue(stack.Pop());
                }
                stack.Pop();

                if (stack.Count > 0 && stack.Peek() is Function)
                {
                    outputQueue.Enqueue(stack.Pop());
                }
                break;
        }

        if (tokenClass == TokenClass.Value || tokenClass == TokenClass.RightParen)
        {
            if (tokenNumber < tokenList.Count() - 1)
            {
                String nextToken = tokenList[tokenNumber + 1];
                TokenClass nextTokenClass = GetTokenClass(nextToken);
                if (nextTokenClass != TokenClass.Operator && nextTokenClass != TokenClass.RightParen)
                {
                    tokenList.Insert(tokenNumber + 1, "*");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    while (stack.Count > 0)
    {
        Operand operand = stack.Pop();
        if (operand is LeftParenthesis || operand is RightParenthesis)
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("Mismatched parentheses");
        }

        outputQueue.Enqueue(operand);
    }

    String foo = String.Join(",", outputQueue.Select(t => t.Token).ToArray());
    String bar = String.Join("", tokenList.ToArray());

    Stack<Operand> expressionStack = new Stack<Operand>();
    while (outputQueue.Count > 0)
    {
        Operand operand = outputQueue.Dequeue();

        if (operand is Value)
        {
            expressionStack.Push(operand);
        }
        else
        {
            if (operand is BinaryOperator)
            {
                BinaryOperator op = (BinaryOperator)operand;
                Operand rightOperand = expressionStack.Pop();
                Operand leftOperand = expressionStack.Pop();
                op.LeftOperand = leftOperand;
                op.RightOperand = rightOperand;
            }
            else if (operand is UnaryOperator)
            {
                ((UnaryOperator)operand).Operand = expressionStack.Pop();
            }
            else if (operand is Function)
            {
                Function function = (Function)operand;
                for (int argNum = 0; argNum < function.NumArguments; ++argNum)
                {
                    function.Arguments.Add(expressionStack.Pop());
                }
            }

            expressionStack.Push(operand);
        }
    }

    if (expressionStack.Count != 1)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("Invalid formula");
    }

    ExpressionTree = expressionStack.Pop();
}

private TokenClass GetTokenClass(String token)
{
    double tempValue;
    if (double.TryParse(token, out tempValue) ||
        token.Equals("R", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase) ||
        token.Equals("S", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
    {
        return TokenClass.Value;
    }
    else if (token.Equals("sqrt", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
    {
        return TokenClass.Function;
    }
    else if (token == "(")
    {
        return TokenClass.LeftParen;
    }
    else if (token == ")")
    {
        return TokenClass.RightParen;
    }
    else if (binaryInfixOperators.Contains(token))
    {
        return TokenClass.Operator;
    }
    else
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("Invalid token");
    }
}

private Associativity GetOperatorAssociativity(String token)
{
    if (token == "^")
        return Associativity.Right;
    else
        return Associativity.Left;
}

private int GetOperatorPrecedence(String token)
{
    if (token == "+" || token == "-")
    {
        return 1;
    }
    else if (token == "*" || token == "/")
    {
        return 2;
    }
    else if (token == "^")
    {
        return 3;
    }
    else
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("Invalid token");
    }
}

Answer 2

可能是以下内容的副本：

Is there a string math evaluator in .NET?

简短答案是否定的，详细答案请参见链接。 （我推荐 'coppercoders' 解决方案。）

Answer 3

你为什么不使用简单数学解析器或者其他东西是一样的？ link text

Answer 4

我在最近的 Silverlight 应用程序中采用了一种廉价的方法，即使用正则表达式（为了安全）擦洗字符串并将其传递给 JavaScript 求值器。它实际上工作得很好，但我承认这是一个 hack。

http://josheinstein.com/blog/index.php/2010/03/mathevalconverter