在 Angular2 中构建 multipart/form-data POST 请求并验证输入类型文件答案

【问题标题】：Build multipart/form-data POST request in Angular2 and validate Input type File在 Angular2 中构建 multipart/form-data POST 请求并验证输入类型文件
【发布时间】：2016-04-27 21:12:44
【问题描述】：

我有一个图像 (base64)，需要通过 POST 请求发送（并等待响应）。 POST 请求必须是Content-Type:multipart/form-data。图片必须是Content-Type: image/jpg

POST 请求应如下所示：

POST https://www.url... HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=-------------------------acebdf13572468
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: www.host.com
Content-Length: 199640

---------------------------acebdf13572468
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="fieldNameHere"; filename="Nikon Digital SLR Camera D3100 14.2MP 2.jpg"
Content-Type: image/jpeg

以二值图像数据为内容体。

我正在尝试使用 Angular 2 的 Http Post 方法，但我不太确定如何生成请求。这就是我所拥有的：

let body = atob(imageData);
let headers = new Headers({'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'});
let options = new RequestOptions({headers: headers});

this._http.post(url, body, options)
.map(res=>{
  //do stuff
});

我可以说我遗漏了其中的一部分，但我不确定我需要做什么才能将二进制图像数据提供为 Content-Disposition & Type 等。

【问题讨论】：

标签： javascript angular typescript post angular2-forms

【解决方案1】：

Form template

<form id="form" name="file" [formGroup]="FileFormGroup"(submit)="addFrom($event, FileFormGroup)" method="post">  

   <input spellcheck="true" formControlName="Demo" name="Demo" type="text"/>
   <input type="file" accept="image/*" id="file" name="File"/>
   <input formControlName="File" type="hidden"/>

</form>

Ts

   import {FormGroup, FormBuilder, FormControl, Validators} from '@angular/forms';

   import {ValidatorFn} from '@angular/forms/src/directives/validators';

   public FileFormGroup: FormGroup; /* variable */

   constructor(public fb: FormBuilder) {}

   ngOnInit() {
      this.FileFormGroup = this.fb.group({
      Demo: ["", Validators.required],
      File: ["", this.fileExtension({msg: 'Please upload valid Image'})]
     });
   }

   public addFrom(event: Event, form: FormGroup): void {

   if(form.valid && form.dirty) {

   let formTemp: HTMLFormElement <HTMLFormElement>document.querySelector('#form');

   let formData: FormData = new FormData(formTemp);

   let xhr: XMLHttpRequest = this.foo(formData);

    xhr.onreadystatechange = () => {
      if(xhr.readyState === 4) {
        if(xhr.status === 201) {
           console.log("Success");
        } else {
           console.log("Error");
        }
      }
    }
  }}

    // Foo function
     public Foo(formData){
         let url: Foo;
         let xhr: XMLHttpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();
         xhr.open('POST', url, true);

         // enctype For Multipart Request
          xhr.setRequestHeader("enctype", "multipart/form-data");

          // IE bug fixes to clear cache
          xhr.setRequestHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
          xhr.setRequestHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
          xhr.setRequestHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); 

          xhr.send(formData);
          return xhr;
     }

     /* validation function to check proper file extension */

  public fileExtension(config: any): ValidatorFn {
    return (control: FormControl) => {

      let urlRegEx: RegExp = /\.(jpe?g|png|gif)$/i;

      if(control.value && !control.value.match(urlRegEx)) {
        this.deleteImg = false;
        return {
          invalidUrl: config.msg
        };
      } else {
        return null;
      }
    };
  }

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

此处与此问题类似：Angular 2 - Post File to Web API

Angular2 尚不支持 multipart/form-data POST 请求，所以我决定改用 jQuery 来实现它，然后将其转换为 RxJs Observable（主题）以与 http.post 函数具有相同的类型在 Angular2 中应该有：

//Convert Base64 Representation of jpeg to 
let imageData = imageString.split(',')[1];
let dataType = imageString.split('.')[0].split(';')[0].split(':')[1];
let binaryImageData = atob(imageData);
let data = new FormData();
let blob = new Blob([binaryImageData], { type: dataType })
data.append('file', blob);
let deferred = $.ajax({
  url: this._imageAPIBaseUrl,
  data: data,
  cache: false,
  contentType: false,
  processData: false,
  type: 'POST'
});
let observable = new AsyncSubject();

//When the Deferred is complete, push an item through the Observable
deferred.done(function () {

  //Get the arguments as an array
  let args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);

  //Call the observable next with the same parameters
  observable.next.apply(observable, args);

  //Complete the Observable to indicate that there are no more items.
  observable.complete();
});

//If the Deferred errors, push an error through the Observable
deferred.fail(function () {

  //Get the arguments as an array
  let args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);

  //Call the observable error with the args array
  observable.error.apply(observable, args);
  observable.complete();
});

return observable;

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

请检查这个工作示例（不是我的）：https://plnkr.co/edit/ViTp47ecIN9kiBw23VfL?p=preview

1 - 不要更改或设置 Content-Type

2 - 使用FormData发送参数

3 - 将此添加到 app.module.ts：

import { HttpModule, RequestOptions, XHRBackend, ConnectionBackend, Http, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, Headers } from '@angular/http';
@Injectable()
export class HttpInterceptor extends Http {
    constructor(backend: ConnectionBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) 
    {
        super(backend, defaultOptions);
        defaultOptions.headers = new Headers();
        defaultOptions.headers.append('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    }
}

【讨论】：