如何在具有多个帐户的 Solana 程序中引用特定帐户？

Question

此程序允许用户创建一个帐户来收款。所以“Alice”可以创建帐户 Fundraiser。在 Fundraiser 中，有一个特定的变量 amount_raised 用于跟踪向她的账户发送了多少 SOL。该程序允许多人创建新的筹款活动..SO，我如何在“捐赠”功能中引用正确的帐户？我怀疑我需要使用 PDA 或至少遍历所有程序帐户并将其与创建者的 pubkey 匹配。先感谢您。 （Sol 是在客户端发送的，我只想通过添加金额来跟踪 amount_raised）。

use super::*;

pub fn donate(ctx: Context<Donate>, amount: u32) -> ProgramResult {
    let fundraiser: &mut Account<Fundraiser> = &mut ctx.accounts.fundraiser;
    let user: &Signer = &ctx.accounts.user;
    fundraiser.amount_raised += amount;
    Ok(())
}


pub fn start_fund(ctx: Context<StartFund>, amount: u32, reason: String) -> ProgramResult {
    let fundraiser: &mut Account<Fundraiser> = &mut ctx.accounts.fundraiser;
    let author: &Signer = &ctx.accounts.author;
    let clock: Clock = Clock::get().unwrap();

    if reason.chars().count() > 350 {
        return Err(ErrorCode::ContentTooLong.into())
    }

    fundraiser.author = *author.key;
    fundraiser.amount_to_raise = amount;     
    fundraiser.timestamp = clock.unix_timestamp;
    fundraiser.reason = reason;
    Ok(())
}    

pub struct StartFund<'info> {
#[account(init, payer = author, space = 64 + 64)]
pub fundraiser: Account<'info, Fundraiser>,
#[account(mut)]
pub author: Signer<'info>,
#[account(address = system_program::ID)]
pub system_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
}    

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct Donate<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub fundraiser: Account<'info, Fundraiser>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub user: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(address = system_program::ID)]
    pub system_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
    }        

#[account]
pub struct Fundraiser { 
 pub author: Pubkey,
 pub amount_to_raise: u32,
 pub amount_raised: u32,
 pub timestamp: i64,
 pub reason: String, //reason
}

} `

Answer 1

您几乎做对了——在您的 Donate 指令中，您还需要传入 Alice 的 author 帐户，以便您可以在期间将转账资金从 user 转移到 author Donate。所以相反，它看起来像：

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct Donate<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub fundraiser: Account<'info, Fundraiser>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub user: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub author: AccountInfo<'info>,
    #[account(address = system_program::ID)]
    pub system_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

您必须检查提供的author 是否与fundraiser.author 匹配。