大多数库都提供了转义功能,包括数百个符号和数千个非 ASCII 字符,这在 UTF-8 世界中不是您想要的。
此外,正如 Jeff Williams 所说,没有单一的“转义 HTML”选项,有多种上下文。
假设您从不使用不带引号的属性,并记住存在不同的上下文,它编写了我自己的版本:
private static final long TEXT_ESCAPE =
1L << '&' | 1L << '<';
private static final long DOUBLE_QUOTED_ATTR_ESCAPE =
TEXT_ESCAPE | 1L << '"';
private static final long SINGLE_QUOTED_ATTR_ESCAPE =
TEXT_ESCAPE | 1L << '\'';
private static final long ESCAPES =
DOUBLE_QUOTED_ATTR_ESCAPE | SINGLE_QUOTED_ATTR_ESCAPE;
// 'quot' and 'apos' are 1 char longer than '#34' and '#39'
// which I've decided to use
private static final String REPLACEMENTS = ""&'<";
private static final int REPL_SLICES = /* [0, 5, 10, 15, 19) */
5<<5 | 10<<10 | 15<<15 | 19<<20;
// These 5-bit numbers packed into a single int
// are indices within REPLACEMENTS which is a 'flat' String[]
private static void appendEscaped(
Appendable builder, CharSequence content, long escapes) {
try {
int startIdx = 0, len = content.length();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
char c = content.charAt(i);
long one;
if (((c & 63) == c) && ((one = 1L << c) & escapes) != 0) {
// -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
// | | take only dangerous characters
// | java shifts longs by 6 least significant bits,
// | e. g. << 0b110111111 is same as >> 0b111111.
// | Filter out bigger characters
int index = Long.bitCount(ESCAPES & (one - 1));
builder.append(content, startIdx, i /* exclusive */).append(
REPLACEMENTS,
REPL_SLICES >>> (5 * index) & 31,
REPL_SLICES >>> (5 * (index + 1)) & 31
);
startIdx = i + 1;
}
}
builder.append(content, startIdx, len);
} catch (IOException e) {
// typically, our Appendable is StringBuilder which does not throw;
// also, there's no way to declare 'if A#append() throws E,
// then appendEscaped() throws E, too'
throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
}
}
考虑从Gist without line length limit复制粘贴。
UPD:正如another answer 建议的那样,> 转义是不必要的;此外," 中的 attr='…' 也是允许的。我已经相应地更新了代码。
您可以check it out自己:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><title>Test</title></head>
<body>
<p title="<"I'm double-quoted!">"><"Hello!"></p>
<p title='<"I'm single-quoted!">'><"Goodbye!"></p>
</body>
</html>