如何在 Docker 下运行 Gnome-Shell？

Question

如何从Docker 内部运行Gnome-Shell？

我正在尝试为 Gnome Shell 扩展创建一个简单的持续构建过程，只是为了模拟和测试安装。为了更轻松地测试各种 Linux 版本的构建，我想使用 Docker 来管理环境。

我首先以 Ubuntu 18.04 为目标，所以我的 Dockerfile 看起来像：

FROM ubuntu:18.04
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

USER root
ENV HOME /home/root

# Setup localization.
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive
RUN apt update
RUN apt install -y locales
RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && localedef -i en_US -c -f UTF-8 -A /usr/share/locale/locale.alias en_US.UTF-8
RUN apt update
ENV LANG en_US.utf8

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get -yq update && apt-get install -y gnupg2
RUN apt-key update
RUN apt-get -yq update
RUN apt-get -yq install xvfb gnome-shell git make bc dbus procps
RUN apt-get -yq purge whoopsie libwhoopsie*

# Install code.
RUN mkdir -p /home/root/git/my_extension
COPY . /home/root/git/my_extension
WORKDIR /home/root/git/my_extension

# Run test wrapper.
CMD ./docker_cmd_ubuntu1804.sh

我的docker_cmd_ubuntu1804.sh 脚本模拟启动核心后台系统守护程序、安装扩展程序然后运行一些简单的构建测试，如下所示：

#!/bin/bash
set -e

echo "[$(date)] Launching Dbus."
mkdir -p /var/run/dbus
dbus-daemon --config-file=/usr/share/dbus-1/system.conf --print-address
sleep 3 # give Dbus some time to start

echo "[$(date)] Launching Xvfb."
export DISPLAY=:99.0
/sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -ac -screen 0 1280x1024x16
sleep 3 # give xvfb some time to start

echo "[$(date)] Launching Gnome-Shell."
sudo gnome-shell &
sleep 3 # give gnome-shell some time to start
echo "[$(date)] Confirming Gnome-Shell is running."
pgrep gnome-shell

echo "[$(date)] Showing Gnome-Shell log entries."
sudo journalctl /usr/bin/gnome-shell || true
echo "[$(date)] Rotating Gnome-Shell log entries."
sudo journalctl --rotate || true
echo "[$(date)] Clearing Gnome-Shell log entries."
sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=1s || true

echo "[$(date)] Show pre-extension Gnome-Shell performance."
ps -C gnome-shell -o %cpu,%mem,cmd || true

echo "[$(date)] Installing extension."
sudo make install
gnome-shell-extension-tool --enable-extension=my_extension
sleep 10 # Give extension time to run.

echo "[$(date)] Showing post-extension Gnome-Shell performance."
export MAX_CPU_PERCENT=20
export MAX_MEM_PERCENT=5
ps -C gnome-shell -o %cpu,%mem,cmd
# Check CPU. On localhost with 2.80GHz x 4 takes ~3%, on Travis ~15%.
bash -c '[[ $(bc <<< "$(ps -C gnome-shell -o %cpu|tail -1) < $MAX_CPU_PERCENT") -eq 1 ]]'
# Check memory. On localhost with 32GB of memory, ~0.6%, on Travis ~3%.
bash -c '[[ $(bc <<< "$(ps -C gnome-shell -o %mem|tail -1) < $MAX_MEM_PERCENT") -eq 1 ]]'

echo "[$(date)] Confirming extension hasn't thrown any errors."
# Note, finding no entries returns an error code of 1, which in our case means no error.
sudo journalctl --since=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d') /usr/bin/gnome-shell|grep -i "Extension \"my_extension\" had error"

由于 Ubuntu Docker 映像不运行完整的桌面版操作系统，我正在使用 Xvfb 模拟 X 服务器。然后我启动主要的 Gnome-Shell 进程，这就是它失败的地方。它似乎立即崩溃了，我不知道为什么。

Gnome-Shell 进程输出：“窗口管理器警告：不支持的会话类型”，但 journalctl /usr/bin/gnome-shell 没有显示任何有用的信息。

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

检查gnome-shell-pod: A Podman container which runs GNOME Shell in xvfb。