我无法使用 Entity Framework Core 和 Ajax 将数据存储到数据库中

【问题标题】：I am unable to store data into database using Entity Framework Core and Ajax我无法使用 Entity Framework Core 和 Ajax 将数据存储到数据库中
【发布时间】：2020-07-21 15:01:26
【问题描述】：

我的代码有问题。问题是我没有使用 ajax 通过参数获取发布数据。

谁能解决这个问题？代码如下所示。

这是我通过 post 方法向控制器发送数据的 Javascript Ajax 代码：

$('#pending').click(function () {
    SaveTestResult("/Reception/PatientTests/SavePendingTest");
});

function SaveTestResult(url) {
    var pid = $('.patientId').attr('id');
    var tid = "";
    var tval = "";
    var tpid = "";
    var tests = [];

    $("table > tbody > tr").each(function () {
        testId = $(this).find('.tid').val();

        if(typeof(testId) != "undefined")
        {
            tid = testId;
        }

        var rowText = ""

        $(this).find('td').each(function () {
            tpid = $(this).find('.tpId').val();
            tval = $(this).find('.result').val();

            if (typeof (tpid) != "undefined") {
                tests.push({ PatientId: pid, TestId: tid, TestParameterId: tpid, TestValue: tval });
            }
        });
    });

    // alert(JSON.stringify(tests));   
    $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: url,
            data: JSON.stringify(tests),
            headers: { "RequestVerificationToken": $('input[name="__RequestVerificationToken"]').val() },
            success: function (data) {
                alert(data);
            },
            error: function (e) {
                alert('Error' + JSON.stringify(e));
            }
    });
}

这是控制器：

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> SavePendingTest(List<PendingTestResult> pendingTestResult)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        foreach (PendingTestResult ptr in pendingTestResult)
        {
            _db.Add(ptr);
            await _db.SaveChangesAsync();
        }

        return RedirectToAction(nameof(Index));
    }

    return View();
}

这是模型类：

public class PendingTestResult
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }
    [Display(Name = "Patient Id")]
    public int PatientId { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test Id")]
    public int TestId { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test Parameter")]
    public int TestParameterId { get; set; }
    public string TestValue { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test")]
    [ForeignKey("TestId")]
    //relation of Tests table
    public virtual Tests Tests { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Patient")]
    [ForeignKey("PatientId")]
    //relation of Patient table
    public virtual Patient Patient { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test Parameter")]
    [ForeignKey("TestId")]
    //relation of Patient table
    public virtual TestParameter TestParameter { get; set; }
}

这是风景

@model DeltaSoftLIS.Models.Patient_Tests_TestParameter


@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Test Result";
    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}

<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-3">
            <div class="card">
                <partial name="_SidebarMenuPartialReception" />
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-9 animated bounce">
            <div class="card" style="padding:20px 50px;">
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-md-6">
                        <h2 class="text-info">Test Result</h2>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <br />

                <div class="row blue-gradient mb-4">
                    <div class="col-md-3">
                        <form asp-action="TestResult" method="post" class="form-inline">
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label class="text-white">Visit Number &nbsp;</label>
                                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="visitNo" asp-for="patient.VisitNo" />
                                <input type="submit" value="Submit" class="btn blue-gradient" />
                            </div>
                        </form>
                    </div>
                </div>
                @if (ViewBag.error != null)
                {
                    <div class="alert alert-danger">@ViewBag.error</div>
                }
                else
                {
                    <div class="container">
                        <div class="row">

                            @if (Model != null)
                            {
                                <div class="col-md-2">
                                    Visit No: <span id="patinet.visitNo">@Model.patient.VisitNo</span>
                                </div>
                                <div class="col-md-4">
                                    Patient Name: <span style="text-transform:capitalize" class="patientId" id="@Model.patient.Id">@Model.patient.FirstName @Model.patient.MiddleName @Model.patient.LastName</span>
                                </div>
                            }
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    @if (ViewBag.test != null)
                    {
                        <div class="container p-4">
                            <form>
                            <table class="table table-bordered table-sm" style="height:auto">
                                <tr class="blue-gradient-rgba text-white">
                                    <th>Test Name</th>
                                    <th>Value</th>
                                    <th>Unit</th>
                                    <th>Normal</th>
                                    <th>Minimum</th>
                                    <th>Maximum</th>
                                </tr>
                                 @{string testgroup = "";
                                     }

                                     @foreach (var data in ViewBag.test)
                                     {
                                        <tr>
                                            @if (testgroup != data.Tests.TestName)
                                            {
                                                <input type="hidden" class="tid" value="@data.Tests.Id" />
                                                <th colspan="2">@data.Tests.TestName</th>

                                            }
                                            @{testgroup = data.Tests.TestName;
                                            }
                                        </tr>
                                        @foreach (var tp in ViewBag.testPara)
                                        {
                                            if (data.Tests.Id == tp.TestId)
                                            {
                                                <tr>
                                                    <td>@tp.ParameterName</td>
                                                    <td><input type="hidden" class="tpId" value="@tp.Id"><input type="text" class="result"></td>
                                                    <td>@tp.Unit</td>
                                                    <td>@tp.NormalRange</td>
                                                    <td>@tp.Minimum</td>
                                                    <td>@tp.Maximum</td>
                                                </tr>
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                

                            </table>
                            </form>
                        </div>
                    }

                }
                <div class="row">
     
                    <div class="col-md-12 text-right">
                        @*@Html.ActionLink("Print Receipt", "printReceipt", new { id = Model.Id },new { taget = "_blank" }) |*@

                        <a asp-action="Index">Back to List</a> |
                        <input type="button" value="Pending" id="pending" class="btn sunny-morning-gradient text-white" />
                        <input type="button" value="Complete" id="complete" class="btn blue-gradient" />
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<script>
    $(document).ready(function () {
        $('.result').keyup(function () {
            var value = $(this).val();
            var min = parseFloat($(this).closest('tr').find("td:eq(4)").text());
            var max = parseFloat($(this).closest('tr').find("td:eq(5)").text());
            if (value < min) {
                $('.result').css({ 'color': 'blue' })
            }
            else if (value > max) {
                $('.result').css({ 'color': 'red' })
            }
            else {
                $('.result').css({ 'color': 'green' })
            }
        });

        $('#pending').click(function () {
            SaveTestResult("/Reception/PatientTests/SavePendingTest");
        });
        function SaveTestResult(url) {
            var pid = $('.patientId').attr('id');
            var tid = "";
            var tval = "";
            var tpid = "";
            var tests = [];
            $("table > tbody > tr").each(function () {
                
                testId = $(this).find('.tid').val();
                
                if(typeof(testId) != "undefined")
                {
                    tid = testId;
                }
                 
                var rowText = ""
                
                $(this).find('td').each(function () {

                    tpid = $(this).find('.tpId').val();
                    tval = $(this).find('.result').val();
                    if (typeof (tpid) != "undefined") {
                        tests.push({ PatientId: pid, TestId: tid, TestParameterId: tpid, TestValue: tval });
                    }
                });
                 
            });
            //alert(JSON.stringify(tests));   
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: url,
                data: JSON.stringify(tests),
                 contentType: "application/json",
                headers: { "RequestVerificationToken": $('input[name="__RequestVerificationToken"]').val() },
                success: function (data) {
                    
                    alert(data);
                },
                error: function (e) {
                    alert('Error' + JSON.stringify(e));
                }
            });
        }
    });
</script>

请帮我解决这个问题并将列表保存到数据库中

控制台日志中的错误： 错误{"readyState":4,"responseText":"System.InvalidOperationException: 未找到视图“SavePendingTest”。搜索了以下位置:\r\n/Areas/Reception/Views/PatientTests/SavePendingTest.cshtml\r \n/Areas/Reception/Views/Shared/SavePendingTest.cshtml\r\n/Views/Shared/SavePendingTest.cshtml\r\n/Pages/Shared/SavePendingTest.cshtml\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewEngines .ViewEngineResult.EnsureSuccessful(IEnumerable`1 originalLocations)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures.ViewResultExecutor.ExecuteAsync(ActionContext 上下文，ViewResult 结果)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewResult.ExecuteResultAsync(ActionContext 上下文)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|29_0[TFilter,TFilterAsync]（ResourceInvoker 调用程序，Task lastTask，State next，Scope 范围，Object state，Boolean isCompleted）\r\n 在 Microsoft。 AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResultExecutedContextSealed 上下文)\r\n 在 Microso ft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.ResultNext[TFilter,TFilterAsync](State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)\r\n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.InvokeResultFilters()\r\ n--- 从先前引发异常的位置结束堆栈跟踪 ---\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|24_0(ResourceInvoker 调用程序，任务 lastTask，下一个状态，作用域范围，对象state, Boolean isCompleted)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResourceExecutedContextSealed context)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state , Boolean& isCompleted)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.InvokeFilterPipelineAsync()\r\n--- 从以前引发异常的位置结束堆栈跟踪 ---\r\n 在 Microsoft。 AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Logged|17_1（资源eInvoker 调用程序）\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.EndpointMiddleware.g__AwaitRequestTask|6_0（端点端点、任务 requestTask、ILogger 记录器）\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMiddleware.Invoke（HttpContext 上下文）\r\ n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore.MigrationsEndPointMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore.DatabaseErrorPageMiddleware。在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore.DatabaseErrorPageMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext)\r\n 处调用(HttpContext httpContext)\r\n 在 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext 上下文)\r\n\r\ nHEADERS\r\n=======\r\nAccept: /\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\r\nAccept-Language: en-US,en; q=0.9\r\n连接：关闭\r\n内容长度：351\r\n内容类型：应用通货膨胀/ JSON \ r \ nCookie：.AspNetCore.Antiforgery.N4je5mEcjHk = CfDJ8AIMWfGHX55FkS_e4YdMcbzY3x_6D6NUruknobs5IXFtvGUf98iczXoLcdV3uv0upJtPUqZsVfh1caiPUHsNj2Vd3ruV4MaiVmYVhItLdcLgp_MdoGjsQSz9kgTULqP-8VAt44Gei1H65bSR9M0eaTg \ r \ n主机：本地主机：44336 \ r \ nReferer：https://localhost:44336/Reception/PatientTests/TestResult \ r \ n用户代理：Mozilla的/ 5.0（Windows NT的10.0; WIN64； 64）为AppleWebKit / 537.36（KHTML，例如Gecko）铬/ 80.0.3987.163 Safari浏览器/ 537.36 \ r \ nrequestverificationtoken：CfDJ8AIMWfGHX55FkS_e4YdMcby-1dlSJss8EVbTOCIx1QPIjmq7HT5S65FLY_pNB67tGWoUF_1VICPa7tsrXvltyFQpalaUJrpQZcMbj_Yb5Ned8Q9Za3Teyq6FC8gCbk50v_NZj396PEQiVHpOMLrkxEk \ r \纳秒取-DEST：空\ r \ NX-请求-用：XMLHttpRequest的\ r \ norigin: https://localhost:44336\r\nsec-fetch-site: 同源\r\nsec-fetch-mode: cors\r\n","status":500,"statusText":"error"}

【问题讨论】：

  • 你看到了什么错误？
  • 您在tests 中传递的数据是否正确？您可以使用console.log(tests) 在浏览器中查看数据。
  • 发布请求是否到达服务器？

标签： asp.net asp.net-core entity-framework-core asp.net-core-mvc asp.net-core-2.0


【解决方案1】：

添加contentType: "application/json"来指定你发送的数据类型。如果你不指定它，默认使用application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8：

 $.ajax({
        contentType: "application/json",           
});

并将[FromBody] 添加到您的操作中：

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> SavePendingTest([FromBody]List<PendingTestResult> pendingTestResult)
{
    //...
}

更新：

型号：

public class Patient_Tests_TestParameter
{
    public Patient patient { get; set; }
}
public class PendingTestResult
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }
    [Display(Name = "Patient Id")]
    public int PatientId { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test Id")]
    public int TestId { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test Parameter")]
    public int TestParameterId { get; set; }
    public string TestValue { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test")]
    [ForeignKey("TestId")]
    //relation of Tests table
    public virtual Tests Tests { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Patient")]
    [ForeignKey("PatientId")]
    //relation of Patient table
    public virtual Patient Patient { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Test Parameter")]
    [ForeignKey("TestId")]
    //relation of Patient table
    public virtual TestParameter TestParameter { get; set; }
}

public class TestParameter
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int TestId { get; set; }
    public Test Test { get; set; }
    public int PatientId { get; set; }
    public Patient Patient { get; set; }
    public string ParameterName { get; set; }
}

public class Patient
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string MiddleName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public List<TestParameter> TestParameter { get; set; }
}

public class Tests
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string TestName { get; set; }
    public List<TestParameter> TestParameter { get; set; }

}

查看：

@model Patient_Tests_TestParameter

<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-9 animated bounce">
            <div class="card" style="padding:20px 50px;">
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-md-6">
                        <h2 class="text-info">Test Result</h2>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <br />

                @if (ViewBag.error != null)
                {
                    <div class="alert alert-danger">@ViewBag.error</div>
                }
                else
                {
                    <div class="container">
                        <div class="row">

                            @if (Model != null)
                            {
                                <div class="col-md-4">
                                    Patient Name: <span style="text-transform:capitalize" class="patientId" id="@Model.patient.Id">@Model.patient.FirstName @Model.patient.MiddleName @Model.patient.LastName</span>
                                </div>
                            }
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    @if (ViewBag.test != null)
                    {
                        <div class="container p-4">
                            <form>
                                <table class="table table-bordered table-sm" style="height:auto">
                                    <tr class="blue-gradient-rgba text-white">
                                        <th>Test Name</th>
                                        <th>Value</th>
                                    </tr>
                                    @{string testgroup = "";
                                    }

                                    @foreach (var data in ViewBag.test)
                                    {
                                        <tr>
                                            @if (testgroup != data.Tests.TestName)
                                            {
                                                <input type="hidden" class="tid" value="@data.Tests.Id" />
                                                <th colspan="2">@data.Tests.TestName</th>

                                            }
                                            @{testgroup = data.Tests.TestName;
                                            }
                                        </tr>
                                        @foreach (var tp in ViewBag.testPara)
                                        {
                                            if (data.Tests.Id == tp.TestId)
                                            {
                                                <tr>
                                                    <td>@tp.ParameterName</td>
                                                    <td><input type="hidden" class="tpId" value="@tp.Id">
                                                        <input type="text" class="result">
                                                    </td>
                                                </tr>
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }


                                </table>
                            </form>
                        </div>
                    }

                }
                <div class="row">

                    <div class="col-md-12 text-right">
                        @*@Html.ActionLink("Print Receipt", "printReceipt", new { id = Model.Id },new { taget = "_blank" }) |*@

                        <a asp-action="Index">Back to List</a> |
                        <input type="button" value="Pending" id="pending" class="btn sunny-morning-gradient text-white" />
                        <input type="button" value="Complete" id="complete" class="btn blue-gradient" />
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

@section Scripts
{
    <script>
        $(document).ready(function () {


            $('#pending').click(function () {
                SaveTestResult("/Reception/PatientTests/SavePendingTest");
            });
            function SaveTestResult(url) {
                var pid = $('.patientId').attr('id');
                var tid = "";
                var tval = "";
                var tpid = "";
                var tests = [];
                $("table > tbody > tr").each(function () {

                    testId = $(this).find('.tid').val();

                    if (typeof (testId) != "undefined") {
                        tid = testId;
                    }

                    var rowText = ""

                    $(this).find('td').each(function () {

                        tpid = $(this).find('.tpId').val();
                        tval = $(this).find('.result').val();
                        if (typeof (tpid) != "undefined") {
                            tests.push({ PatientId: pid, TestId: tid, TestParameterId: tpid, TestValue: tval });
                        }
                    });

                });
                //alert(JSON.stringify(tests));
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    url: url,
                    data: JSON.stringify(tests),
                    contentType: "application/json",
                    headers: { "RequestVerificationToken": $('input[name="__RequestVerificationToken"]').val() },
                    success: function (data) {

                        alert(data);
                    },
                    error: function (e) {
                        alert('Error' + JSON.stringify(e));
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    </script>
}

行动：

public IActionResult Index()
{
    var model = new Patient_Tests_TestParameter()
    {
        patient = new Patient()
        {
            Id = 1,
            FirstName = "Patient1",
            LastName = "PatientLast",
            MiddleName = "PationtMiddle"
        }
    };
    ViewBag.test = new List<PendingTestResult>()
    {
        new PendingTestResult(){  Tests = new Tests(){  Id=1, TestName="test1"} },
        new PendingTestResult(){  Tests = new Tests(){  Id=2, TestName="test2"} },
        new PendingTestResult(){  Tests = new Tests(){  Id=3, TestName="test3"} }
    };
    ViewBag.testPara = new List<TestParameter>()
    {
        new TestParameter(){ Id=1, TestId=1, ParameterName="Para1"},
        new TestParameter(){ Id=2, TestId=1, ParameterName="Para2"},
        new TestParameter(){ Id=3, TestId=2, ParameterName="Para3"},
    };
    return View(model);
}

结果：

更新 2：

[HttpPost]
[Route("Reception/PatientTests/SavePendingTest")]
public async Task<IActionResult> SavePendingTest([FromBody]List<PendingTestResult> pendingTestResult)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        foreach (PendingTestResult ptr in pendingTestResult)
        {
            _db.Add(ptr);
            await _db.SaveChangesAsync();
        }

        return new JsonResult("/Home/Index");
    }

    return new JsonResult("/Home/Privacy");
}

改变你的ajax成功函数：

$.ajax({
    type: "POST",
    url: url,
    data: JSON.stringify(tests),
    contentType: "application/json",
    headers: { "RequestVerificationToken": $('input[name="__RequestVerificationToken"]').val() },
    success: function (data) {
        //change this
        window.location.href = data;
    },
    error: function (e) {
        alert('Error' + JSON.stringify(e));
    }
});

【讨论】：

  • 嗨，rena，感谢您的回答，但无法将数据输入控制器
  • 你中招了吗？你能分享一下整个观点吗？
  • 我添加到帖子请在上面找到。
  • 我更新了整个代码。你确定你的tests 包含价值吗？
  • i.stack.imgur.com/ELuyx.jpg 在应用您的代码后收到此错误
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