如何激活从 SAP 导出的工作簿？

Question

我有一个宏来处理来自 SAP 的数据。

当来自 SAP 的工作簿出现时，我无法通过下面的 VBA 代码激活它。

即使Workbooks("export.xlsx").activate 也不起作用。

session.findById("wnd[0]/tbar[0]/okcd").Text = "/nFBL3N"
session.findById("wnd[0]").sendVKey 0
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/btn%_SD_SAKNR_%_APP_%-VALU_PUSH").press
session.findById("wnd[1]/usr/tabsTAB_STRIP/tabpSIVA/ssubSCREEN_HEADER:SAPLALDB:3010/tblSAPLALDBSINGLE/ctxtRSCSEL_255-SLOW_I[1,0]").Text = "179811"
session.findById("wnd[1]/usr/tabsTAB_STRIP/tabpSIVA/ssubSCREEN_HEADER:SAPLALDB:3010/tblSAPLALDBSINGLE/ctxtRSCSEL_255-SLOW_I[1,1]").Text = "431311"
session.findById("wnd[1]/usr/tabsTAB_STRIP/tabpSIVA/ssubSCREEN_HEADER:SAPLALDB:3010/tblSAPLALDBSINGLE/ctxtRSCSEL_255-SLOW_I[1,1]").SetFocus
session.findById("wnd[1]/usr/tabsTAB_STRIP/tabpSIVA/ssubSCREEN_HEADER:SAPLALDB:3010/tblSAPLALDBSINGLE/ctxtRSCSEL_255-SLOW_I[1,1]").caretPosition = 6
session.findById("wnd[1]/tbar[0]/btn[0]").press
session.findById("wnd[1]/tbar[0]/btn[8]").press
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/radX_AISEL").Select
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ctxtSO_BUDAT-LOW").Text = "01.03.2020"
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ctxtSO_BUDAT-HIGH").Text = "31.03.2020"
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ctxtSO_BUDAT-HIGH").SetFocus
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ctxtSO_BUDAT-HIGH").caretPosition = 10
session.findById("wnd[0]/tbar[1]/btn[16]").press
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ssub%_SUBSCREEN_%_SUB%_CONTAINER:SAPLSSEL:2001/ssubSUBSCREEN_CONTAINER2:SAPLSSEL:2000/ssubSUBSCREEN_CONTAINER:SAPLSSEL:1106/ctxt%%DYN009-LOW").Text = "L6"
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ssub%_SUBSCREEN_%_SUB%_CONTAINER:SAPLSSEL:2001/ssubSUBSCREEN_CONTAINER2:SAPLSSEL:2000/ssubSUBSCREEN_CONTAINER:SAPLSSEL:1106/ctxt%%DYN009-LOW").SetFocus
session.findById("wnd[0]/usr/ssub%_SUBSCREEN_%_SUB%_CONTAINER:SAPLSSEL:2001/ssubSUBSCREEN_CONTAINER2:SAPLSSEL:2000/ssubSUBSCREEN_CONTAINER:SAPLSSEL:1106/ctxt%%DYN009-LOW").caretPosition = 2
session.findById("wnd[0]/tbar[1]/btn[8]").press
session.findById("wnd[0]/mbar/menu[0]/menu[3]/menu[1]").Select
session.findById("wnd[1]/tbar[0]/btn[11]").press

Set session = Nothing
Set Connection = Nothing
Set SapGuiAuto = Nothing
Set WScript = Nothing
Set Application = Nothing

Dim wb As Workbook
Windows("export.XLSX").Activate

Answer 1

为了在所有打开的 Excel 会话中检查工作簿是否存在，请使用下面的代码，我将解释

首先将下一个代码复制到模块顶部（在声明部分）：

Option Explicit

#If VBA7 Then
  Private Declare PtrSafe Function AccessibleObjectFromWindow Lib "oleacc" ( _
    ByVal hWnd As LongPtr, ByVal dwId As Long, riid As Any, ppvObject As Object) As Long

  Private Declare PtrSafe Function FindWindowExA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal hwndParent As LongPtr, ByVal hwndChildAfter As LongPtr, _
    ByVal lpszClass As String, ByVal lpszWindow As String) As LongPtr
#Else
  Private Declare Function AccessibleObjectFromWindow Lib "oleacc" ( _
    ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal dwId As Long, riid As Any, ppvObject As Object) As Long

  Private Declare Function FindWindowExA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal hwndParent As Long, ByVal hwndChildAfter As Long, _
    ByVal lpszClass As String, ByVal lpszWindow As String) As Long
#End If

然后，使用从现有代码中调用的下一个函数（而不是 Windows("export.XLSX").Activate）：

Private Function GetExcelSes() As Collection
    Dim g&(0 To 3), ppv As Object, hWnd, hWnd2, hWnd3
    g(0) = &H20400: g(1) = &H0
    g(2) = &HC0:    g(3) = &H46000000

    Dim AlreadyThere As Boolean, Xl As Application
    Set GetExcelSes = New Collection
    Do
        hWnd = FindWindowExA(0, hWnd, "XLMAIN", vbNullString)
        If hWnd = 0 Then Exit Do
        hWnd2 = FindWindowExA(hWnd, 0, "XLDESK", vbNullString)
        hWnd3 = FindWindowExA(hWnd2, 0, "EXCEL7", vbNullString)
        If AccessibleObjectFromWindow(hWnd3, &HFFFFFFF0, g(0), ppv) = 0 Then
            AlreadyThere = False
            For Each Xl In GetExcelSes
                If Xl Is ppv.Application Then
                    AlreadyThere = True
                    Exit For
                End If
            Next
            If Not AlreadyThere Then
                GetExcelSes.aDD ppv.Application
            End If
        End If
    Loop
End Function

上面的函数可以像下面的例子那样被调用（使用它而不是你最后的代码行）。声明很重要：

Sub TestSaveAWbFromAllSess()
   Dim Ex As Collection, El As Variant
   Dim wb As Workbook, expWb As Workbook
   Set Ex = GetExcelSes

   For Each El In Ex
        For Each wb In El.Workbooks
            Debug.Print wb.Name 'just to see all open wb names, confirming that the function works...
            If UCase(wb.Name) = "EXPORT.XLSX" Then
                Set expWb = wb
                'Do here whatever you need with the found workbook. For instance:
                expWb.SaveCopyAs fileName:=ThisWorkbook.path & "\TestSAPExport.XLSX"
            End If
        Next
   Next
End Sub