【发布时间】:2010-04-21 05:43:33
【问题描述】:
如何扩展TextView 以允许绘制具有渐变效果的文本?
【问题讨论】:
如何扩展TextView 以允许绘制具有渐变效果的文本?
【问题讨论】:
TextView secondTextView = new TextView(this);
Shader textShader=new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, 20,
new int[]{Color.GREEN,Color.BLUE},
new float[]{0, 1}, TileMode.CLAMP);
secondTextView.getPaint().setShader(textShader);
【讨论】:
我使用了5种颜色渐变的最佳答案(@Taras),但是有一个问题:textView看起来像我在上面放了一个白色的封面。这是我的代码和屏幕截图。
textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.main_tv);
textView.setText("Tianjin, China".toUpperCase());
TextPaint paint = textView.getPaint();
float width = paint.measureText("Tianjin, China");
Shader textShader = new LinearGradient(0, 0, width, textView.getTextSize(),
new int[]{
Color.parseColor("#F97C3C"),
Color.parseColor("#FDB54E"),
Color.parseColor("#64B678"),
Color.parseColor("#478AEA"),
Color.parseColor("#8446CC"),
}, null, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
textView.getPaint().setShader(textShader);
几个小时后,我发现我需要用渐变的第一种颜色调用textView.setTextColor()。然后截图:
希望能帮助别人!
【讨论】:
LinearGradient(0, 0, width, 0, ...吗?
似乎无法扩展 TextView 以使用渐变绘制文本。但是,可以通过创建画布并在其上绘图来实现此效果。首先我们需要declare our custom UI element。在初始化中,我们需要创建Layout 的子类。在这种情况下,我们将使用BoringLayout,它只支持单行文本。
Shader textShader=new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, 20,
new int[]{bottom,top},
new float[]{0, 1}, TileMode.CLAMP);//Assumes bottom and top are colors defined above
textPaint.setTextSize(textSize);
textPaint.setShader(textShader);
BoringLayout.Metrics boringMetrics=BoringLayout.isBoring(text, textPaint);
boringLayout=new BoringLayout(text, textPaint, 0, Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_CENTER,
0.0f, 0.0f, boringMetrics, false);
然后我们覆盖onMeasure 和onDraw:
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec){
setMeasuredDimension((int) textPaint.measureText(text), (int) textPaint.getFontSpacing());
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas){
super.onDraw(canvas);
boringLayout.draw(canvas);
}
我们对onDraw 的实现在这一点上非常懒惰(它完全忽略了测量规范!但只要您保证视图有足够的空间,它应该可以正常工作。
或者,可以从Canvas 继承并覆盖onPaint 方法。如果这样做了,那么不幸的是,正在绘制的文本的锚点将始终位于底部,因此我们必须将 -textPaint.getFontMetricsInt().ascent() 添加到我们的 y 坐标中。
【讨论】:
这里是单行支持多行。这也适用于按钮。
Shader shader = new LinearGradient(0,0,0,textView.getLineHeight(),
startColor, endColor, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
textView.getPaint().setShader(shader);
【讨论】:
textView.getLineHeight() * 1.10f.
我已经建立了一个包含这两种方法的库。您可以在 XML 中创建 GradientTextView 或仅使用 GradientTextView.setGradient(TextView textView...) 在常规 TextView 对象上执行此操作。
【讨论】:
一个简单但有些有限的解决方案是使用这些属性:
android:fadingEdge="horizontal"
android:scrollHorizontally="true"
我已经在文本字段上使用了它,如果它们太长,我希望它们淡出。
【讨论】:
Kotlin + 协程版本。
设置垂直渐变的扩展:
private fun TextView.setGradientTextColor(vararg colorRes: Int) {
val floatArray = ArrayList<Float>(colorRes.size)
for (i in colorRes.indices) {
floatArray.add(i, i.toFloat() / (colorRes.size - 1))
}
val textShader: Shader = LinearGradient(
0f,
0f,
0f,
this.height.toFloat(),
colorRes.map { ContextCompat.getColor(requireContext(), it) }.toIntArray(),
floatArray.toFloatArray(),
TileMode.CLAMP
)
this.paint.shader = textShader
}
暂停扩展。您需要等待视图更改其高度。
suspend fun View.awaitLayoutChange() = suspendCancellableCoroutine<Unit> { cont ->
val listener = object : View.OnLayoutChangeListener {
override fun onLayoutChange(
view: View?,
left: Int,
top: Int,
right: Int,
bottom: Int,
oldLeft: Int,
oldTop: Int,
oldRight: Int,
oldBottom: Int
) {
view?.removeOnLayoutChangeListener(this)
cont.resumeWith(Result.success(Unit))
}
}
addOnLayoutChangeListener(listener)
cont.invokeOnCancellation { removeOnLayoutChangeListener(listener) }
}
及用法:
lifecycle.coroutineScope.launch {
binding.tvAmount.text = "Dumb text"
binding.tvAmount.awaitLayoutChange()
binding.tvAmount.setGradientTextColor(
R.color.yellow,
R.color.green
)
}
【讨论】:
对于 Kotlin:
val paint: TextPaint = textView.paint
val width: Float = paint.measureText(holder.langs.text.toString())
val textShader: Shader = LinearGradient(0f, 0f, width, holder.langs.textSize, intArrayOf(
Color.parseColor("#8913FC"),
Color.parseColor("#00BFFC")), null, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP)
holder.langs.paint.shader = textShader
【讨论】:
这是一个很好的方法:
/**
* sets a vertical gradient on the textView's paint, so that on its onDraw method, it will use it.
*
* @param viewAlreadyHasSize
* set to true only if the textView already has a size
*/
public static void setVerticalGradientOnTextView(final TextView tv, final int positionsAndColorsResId,
final boolean viewAlreadyHasSize) {
final String[] positionsAndColors = tv.getContext().getResources().getStringArray(positionsAndColorsResId);
final int[] colors = new int[positionsAndColors.length];
float[] positions = new float[positionsAndColors.length];
for (int i = 0; i < positionsAndColors.length; ++i) {
final String positionAndColors = positionsAndColors[i];
final int delimeterPos = positionAndColors.lastIndexOf(':');
if (delimeterPos == -1 || positions == null) {
positions = null;
colors[i] = Color.parseColor(positionAndColors);
} else {
positions[i] = Float.parseFloat(positionAndColors.substring(0, delimeterPos));
String colorStr = positionAndColors.substring(delimeterPos + 1);
if (colorStr.startsWith("0x"))
colorStr = '#' + colorStr.substring(2);
else if (!colorStr.startsWith("#"))
colorStr = '#' + colorStr;
colors[i] = Color.parseColor(colorStr);
}
}
setVerticalGradientOnTextView(tv, colors, positions, viewAlreadyHasSize);
}
/**
* sets a vertical gradient on the textView's paint, so that on its onDraw method, it will use it. <br/>
*
* @param colors
* the colors to use. at least one should exist.
* @param tv
* the textView to set the gradient on it
* @param positions
* where to put each color (fraction, max is 1). if null, colors are spread evenly .
* @param viewAlreadyHasSize
* set to true only if the textView already has a size
*/
public static void setVerticalGradientOnTextView(final TextView tv, final int[] colors, final float[] positions,
final boolean viewAlreadyHasSize) {
final Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
final TileMode tile_mode = TileMode.CLAMP;
final int height = tv.getHeight();
final LinearGradient lin_grad = new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, height, colors, positions, tile_mode);
final Shader shader_gradient = lin_grad;
tv.getPaint().setShader(shader_gradient);
}
};
if (viewAlreadyHasSize)
runnable.run();
else
runJustBeforeBeingDrawn(tv, runnable);
}
public static void runJustBeforeBeingDrawn(final View view, final Runnable runnable) {
final OnPreDrawListener preDrawListener = new OnPreDrawListener() {
@Override
public boolean onPreDraw() {
view.getViewTreeObserver().removeOnPreDrawListener(this);
runnable.run();
return true;
}
};
view.getViewTreeObserver().addOnPreDrawListener(preDrawListener);
}
另外,如果您希望使用渐变的位图,而不是真实的,请使用:
/**
* sets an image for the textView <br/>
* NOTE: this function must be called after you have the view have its height figured out <br/>
*/
public static void setBitmapOnTextView(final TextView tv, final Bitmap bitmap) {
final TileMode tile_mode = TileMode.CLAMP;
final int height = tv.getHeight();
final int width = tv.getWidth();
final Bitmap temp = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, width, height, true);
final BitmapShader bitmapShader = new BitmapShader(temp, tile_mode, tile_mode);
tv.getPaint().setShader(bitmapShader);
}
编辑:runJustBeforeBeingDrawn 的替代方案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/28136027/878126
【讨论】:
这是我的解决方法。使用文本跨度实现。 screenshot
class LinearGradientForegroundSpan extends CharacterStyle implements UpdateAppearance {
private int startColor;
private int endColor;
private int lineHeight;
public LinearGradientForegroundSpan(int startColor, int endColor, int lineHeight) {
this.startColor = startColor;
this.endColor = endColor;
this.lineHeight = lineHeight;
}
@Override
public void updateDrawState(TextPaint tp) {
tp.setShader(new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, lineHeight,
startColor, endColor, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT));
}
}
为渐变文本设置样式。
SpannableString gradientText = new SpannableString("Gradient Text");
gradientText.setSpan(new LinearGradientForegroundSpan(Color.RED, Color.LTGRAY, textView.getLineHeight()),
0, gradientText.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
SpannableStringBuilder sb = new SpannableStringBuilder();
sb.append(gradientText);
sb.append(" Normal Text");
textView.setText(sb);
【讨论】:
我已经结合了这个线程的答案并制作了一个轻量级库。您可以将它与 gradle 实现一起使用,或者只需将其添加到源代码中即可使用所需的文件。
【讨论】:
对我有用的解决方案是在应用任何着色器之前应用文本颜色。正如问题的作者所发布的那样:
几个小时后,我发现我需要使用渐变的第一种颜色调用 textView.setTextColor()。然后截图:
例如,首先将白色设置为文本颜色。然后我们可以应用着色器,它将应用在白色之上,这样我们就可以得到想要的渐变颜色。
【讨论】:
这是一个线性布局的例子,你也可以把这个例子用于 textview,而且在源代码中不会有渐变编码,你可以从那个站点本身获取源代码并添加代码 - http://android-codes-examples.blogspot.com/2011/07/design-linearlayout-or-textview-and-any.html
【讨论】:
我找到了无需 TextView 类扩展的方法。
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private val textGradientOnGlobalLayoutListener = object: ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener {
override fun onGlobalLayout() {
textGradient.paint.shader = LinearGradient(0f, 0f,
textGradient.width.toFloat(),
textGradient.height.toFloat(),
color0, color1, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP)
textGradient.viewTreeObserver.removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this)
}
}
private val textGradient by lazy {
findViewById<TextView>(R.id.text_gradient)
}
private val color0 by lazy {
ContextCompat.getColor(applicationContext, R.color.purple_200)
}
private val color1 by lazy {
ContextCompat.getColor(applicationContext, R.color.teal_200)
}
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
textGradient.viewTreeObserver.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(textGradientOnGlobalLayoutListener)
}
}
【讨论】: