如何解决 PyCharm 中的这个 TensorFlow 错误？

Question

tensorflow_installation_test.py

import tensorflow as tf
import os
os.environ["CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES"] = "-1"

print(tf.__version__)

以下是输出：

C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\python3.7.exe C:/Users/pc/source/repos/_by_nn/SCRIPTS/tensorflow_installation_test.py
2021-06-18 02:29:13.894907: W tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'cudart64_110.dll'; dlerror: cudart64_110.dll not found
2021-06-18 02:29:13.895173: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cudart_stub.cc:29] Ignore above cudart dlerror if you do not have a GPU set up on your machine.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/pc/source/repos/_by_nn/SCRIPTS/tensorflow_installation_test.py", line 1, in <module>
    import tensorflow as tf
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 48, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import keras
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\__init__.py", line 25, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.keras import models
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\models.py", line 25, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.keras.engine import training_v1
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training_v1.py", line 46, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.keras.engine import training_arrays_v1
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training_arrays_v1.py", line 37, in <module>
    from scipy.sparse import issparse  # pylint: disable=g-import-not-at-top
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\scipy\__init__.py", line 130, in <module>
    from . import _distributor_init
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python37\site-packages\scipy\_distributor_init.py", line 61, in <module>
    WinDLL(os.path.abspath(filename))
  File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 364, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: [WinError 126] The specified module could not be found

Process finished with exit code 1

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

因此，根据 StackOverflow 上的this link，这对您来说不是问题。错误的真正线索是 WinError 126。我可以在 ErrorTools 上找到在线列出的 here 的一些原因。如果您使用 Anaconda 环境，我的建议是创建一个新环境并在其中安装 TensorFlow 并查看它是否有效。如果没有，可能是您的 DLL 有问题。

在这种情况下，另一种选择是按照为您布置的堆栈跟踪进行调试，直到到达以下行：__init__.py 中的self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode) 在ctypes 目录下。此时，您可以检查 self._name 的值是多少，看看它是否符合上面链接的 StackOverflow 问题中列出的任何问题。

如果您不确定在哪里可以找到所有这些文件以供以后自行调试，我建议您使用 VoidTools 的 Everything，因为它比文件资源管理器执行更快的搜索。