我可以使用关键字“in”以某种方式分隔方法声明中的参数吗？

Question

我想创建一个使用关键字in 而不是逗号来分隔方法声明中的参数的方法；类似于foreach(a in b) 方法。

示例

类结构

public class Length
{
    public double Inches;
    public double Feet;
    public double Yards;

    public enum Unit { Inch, Foot, Yard }

    Dictionary<Unit, double> inchFactor = new Dictionary<Unit, double>()
    {
        { Unit.Inch, 1 },
        { Unit.Foot, 12 },
        { Unit.Yard, 36 }
    };

    public Length(double value, Unit unit)
    {
        this.Inches = value * inchFactor[unit];
        this.Feet = this.Inches / inchFactor[Unit.Foot];
        this.Yards = this.Inches / inchFactor[Unit.Yard];
    }
}

类中的方法定义

// I'd like to know how to use "in" like this  ↓
public List<Length> MultiplesOf(Length divisor in Length dividend)
{
    double inchEnumeration = divisor.Inches;
    List<Length> multiples = new List<Length>();

    while (inchEnumeration <= dividend.Inches)
    {
        multiples.Add(new Length(inchEnumeration, Length.Unit.Inch));
        inchEnumeration += divisor.Inches;
    }

    return multiples;
}

理想的实现

private void DrawRuler()
{
    Length eighthInch = new Length(0.125, Length.Unit.Inch);
    Length oneFoot = new Length(1, Length.Unit.Foot);

    // Awesome.
    List<Length> tickGroup = Length.MultiplesOf(eighthInch in oneFoot);

    double inchPixels = 10;
    foreach (Length tick in tickGroup)
    {
        // Draw ruler.
    }
}

---

我研究过创建新关键字，但 C# 似乎不支持定义关键字。

Answer 1

正如 cmets 中提到的，您不能在 C# 中定义自定义关键字（除非您扩展编译器，这是一项高级任务）。但是，如果您的目标是澄清这两个参数的含义，那么我建议您改用named arguments：

// Define the method as usual:
public List<Length> MultiplesOf(Length divisor, Length dividend)
{
    // ...
}

// Then call it like so, explicitly showing what is the divisor and the dividend:  
List<Length> tickGroup = Length.MultiplesOf(divisor: eighthInch, dividend: oneFoot);

Answer 2

虽然您无法重新定义现有关键字，但还有其他方法可以使用 Fluent Interface 以稍微不同的方式完成您的任务：

public class Length
{
    // ...

    public static IFluentSyntaxProvider MultiplesOf(Length divisor)
    {
        return new FluentSyntaxProvider(divisor);
    }

    public interface IFluentSyntaxProvider
    {
        List<Length> In(Length dividend);
    }
    private class FluentSyntaxProvider : IFluentSyntaxProvider
    {
        private Length divisor;

        public FluentSyntaxProvider(Length divisor)
        {
            this.divisor = divisor;
        }

        public List<Length> In(Length dividend)
        {
            double inchEnumeration = divisor.Inches;
            List<Length> multiples = new List<Length>();

            while (inchEnumeration <= dividend.Inches)
            {
                multiples.Add(new Length(inchEnumeration, Length.Unit.Inch));
                inchEnumeration += divisor.Inches;
            }

            return multiples;
        }
    }
}

使用示例：

// Awesome.
List<Length> tickGroup = Length.MultiplesOf(eighthInch).In(oneFoot);