HikariCP - 连接不可用

【问题标题】：HikariCP - connection is not availableHikariCP - 连接不可用
【发布时间】：2016-01-03 06:51:51
【问题描述】：

我们的项目中有 Spring-boot/Hibernate/PostgreSQL 应用程序，并使用 Hikari 作为连接池。 我们不断遇到以下问题：几个小时后，活动连接数增长到极限，我们得到这样的错误（完整的堆栈跟踪在问题的末尾）：

Caused by: java.sql.SQLTransientConnectionException: HikariPool-0 - Connection is not available, request timed out after 30000ms.
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.getConnection(HikariPool.java:213) ~[HikariCP-2.4.1.jar:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.getConnection(HikariPool.java:163) ~[HikariCP-2.4.1.jar:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource.getConnection(HikariDataSource.java:85) ~[HikariCP-2.4.1.jar:na]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:139) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSessionImpl$NonContextualJdbcConnectionAccess.obtainConnection(AbstractSessionImpl.java:380) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LogicalConnectionImpl.obtainConnection(LogicalConnectionImpl.java:228) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    ... 126 common frames omitted

这是版本信息：

Spring-boot version:   1.2.3.RELEASE
HikariCP version:      2.4.1
Hibernate version:     4.3.6.Final
Postgresql jdbc:       9.3-1102-jdbc41
Server version:        Apache Tomcat/8.0.23
JVM Version:           1.8.0_45-b14

JPA/休眠配置：

jpa:
    database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL82Dialect
    database: POSTGRESQL
    openInView: false
    show_sql: false
    generate-ddl: false
    hibernate:
        ddl-auto: none
        naming-strategy: org.hibernate.cfg.EJB3NamingStrategy
    properties:
        hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache: true
        hibernate.cache.use_query_cache: false
        hibernate.generate_statistics: false
        hibernate.cache.region.factory_class: org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.SingletonEhCacheRegionFactory
        hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans: true
        hibernate.event.merge.entity_copy_observer: allow

HikariCP 配置：

2015-10-06 12:26:44,252 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: HikariPool-0 - configuration:
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: allowPoolSuspension.............false
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: autoCommit......................true
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: catalog.........................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: connectionInitSql...............
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: connectionTestQuery.............
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: connectionTimeout...............30000
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: dataSource......................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: dataSourceClassName.............org.postgresql.ds.PGSimpleDataSource
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: dataSourceJNDI..................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: dataSourceProperties............{user=postgres, password=<masked>, databaseName=lms, serverName=*.*.*.*:5432}
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: driverClassName.................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: healthCheckProperties...........{}
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: healthCheckRegistry.............
2015-10-06 12:26:44,274 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: idleTimeout.....................30000
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: initializationFailFast..........true
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: isolateInternalQueries..........false
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: jdbc4ConnectionTest.............false
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: jdbcUrl.........................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: leakDetectionThreshold..........0
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: maxLifetime.....................1800000
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: maximumPoolSize.................20
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: metricRegistry..................com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry@63d2fc48
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: metricsTrackerFactory...........
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: minimumIdle.....................10
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: password........................<masked>
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: poolName........................HikariPool-0
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: readOnly........................false
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: registerMbeans..................false
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: scheduledExecutorService........
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: threadFactory...................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: transactionIsolation............
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: username........................
2015-10-06 12:26:44,275 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] HikariConfig: validationTimeout...............5000
2015-10-06 12:26:44,276 INFO  [localhost-startStop-1] HikariDataSource: HikariPool-0 - is starting.
2015-10-06 12:26:44,432 DEBUG [localhost-startStop-1] PoolElf: HikariPool-0 - Connection.setNetworkTimeout() is not supported (Method org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Connection.getNetworkTimeout() is not yet implemented.)

完整的堆栈跟踪：

2015-10-06 12:09:36,885 DEBUG [http-nio-8080-exec-25] PoolElf: HikariPool-0 - Reset (nothing) on connection org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Connection@3cc4d919
2015-10-06 12:09:42,651 DEBUG [Hikari housekeeper (pool HikariPool-0)] HikariPool: Before cleanup   pool HikariPool-0 stats (total=20, active=20, idle=0, waiting=1)
2015-10-06 12:09:42,652 DEBUG [Hikari housekeeper (pool HikariPool-0)] HikariPool: After cleanup    pool HikariPool-0 stats (total=20, active=20, idle=0, waiting=1)
2015-10-06 12:10:06,885 DEBUG [http-nio-8080-exec-25] HikariPool: Timeout failure   pool HikariPool-0 stats (total=20, active=20, idle=0, waiting=0)
2015-10-06 12:10:06,885 WARN  [http-nio-8080-exec-25] SqlExceptionHelper: SQL Error: 0, SQLState: null
2015-10-06 12:10:06,885 ERROR [http-nio-8080-exec-25] SqlExceptionHelper: HikariPool-0 - Connection is not available, request timed out after 30000ms.
2015-10-06 12:10:06,885 DEBUG [http-nio-8080-exec-25] PoolElf: HikariPool-0 - Reset (nothing) on connection org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Connection@3cc4d919
2015-10-06 12:10:06,886 ERROR [http-nio-8080-exec-25] ErrorPageFilter: Forwarding to error page from request [/api/courses/121387/quizzes/i6fa2562510bf8578712380a87a433e97/student/30175] due to exception [org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Could not open connection]
java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Could not open connection
    at lms.security.xauth.XAuthTokenFilter.doFilter(XAuthTokenFilter.java:86) ~[XAuthTokenFilter.class:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:120) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:64) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:91) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:53) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:213) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:176) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.trace.WebRequestTraceFilter.doFilterInternal(WebRequestTraceFilter.java:102) ~[spring-boot-actuator-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar:1.2.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85) ~[spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter.doFilter(ErrorPageFilter.java:113) [spring-boot-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar:1.2.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter.access$000(ErrorPageFilter.java:59) [spring-boot-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar:1.2.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter$1.doFilterInternal(ErrorPageFilter.java:88) [spring-boot-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar:1.2.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter.doFilter(ErrorPageFilter.java:106) [spring-boot-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar:1.2.3.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:617) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091) [tomcat-coyote.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:668) [tomcat-coyote.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1521) [tomcat-coyote.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1478) [tomcat-coyote.jar:8.0.23]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [na:1.8.0_45]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [na:1.8.0_45]
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-util.jar:8.0.23]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_45]
Caused by: org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Could not open connection
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:978) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:868) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:648) ~[servlet-api.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729) ~[servlet-api.jar:na]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at com.codahale.metrics.servlet.AbstractInstrumentedFilter.doFilter(AbstractInstrumentedFilter.java:104) ~[metrics-servlet-3.1.1.jar:3.1.1]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) ~[tomcat-websocket.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.EndpointWebMvcAutoConfiguration$ApplicationContextHeaderFilter.doFilterInternal(EndpointWebMvcAutoConfiguration.java:291) ~[spring-boot-actuator-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar:1.2.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77) ~[spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) [catalina.jar:8.0.23]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:316) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:126) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:90) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:114) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:122) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:111) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:168) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:48) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) ~[spring-security-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at lms.security.xauth.XAuthTokenFilter.doFilter(XAuthTokenFilter.java:84) ~[XAuthTokenFilter.class:na]
    ... 46 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Could not open connection
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:65) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:112) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LogicalConnectionImpl.obtainConnection(LogicalConnectionImpl.java:235) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LogicalConnectionImpl.getConnection(LogicalConnectionImpl.java:171) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jdbc.JdbcTransaction.doBegin(JdbcTransaction.java:67) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.AbstractTransactionImpl.begin(AbstractTransactionImpl.java:162) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.beginTransaction(SessionImpl.java:1435) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.withTemporarySessionIfNeeded(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:250) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.readElementByIndex(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:376) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentMap.get(PersistentMap.java:164) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at java_util_Map$get.call(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
    at lms.service.QuizService.processAnswers(QuizService.groovy:66) ~[QuizService.class:na]
    at lms.service.QuizService$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$4dcc8beb.invoke(<generated>) ~[spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) ~[spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:717) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99) ~[spring-tx-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281) ~[spring-tx-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96) ~[spring-tx-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:653) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at lms.service.QuizService$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$37a60c0a.processAnswers(<generated>) ~[spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at lms.web.rest.CourseResource.saveQuizResults(CourseResource.java:537) ~[CourseResource.class:na]
    at lms.web.rest.CourseResource$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$e3d2ba4d.invoke(<generated>) ~[spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) ~[spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:717) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.security.access.intercept.aopalliance.MethodSecurityInterceptor.invoke(MethodSecurityInterceptor.java:68) ~[spring-security-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at com.ryantenney.metrics.spring.TimedMethodInterceptor.invoke(TimedMethodInterceptor.java:48) ~[metrics-spring-3.0.4.jar:na]
    at com.ryantenney.metrics.spring.TimedMethodInterceptor.invoke(TimedMethodInterceptor.java:34) ~[metrics-spring-3.0.4.jar:na]
    at com.ryantenney.metrics.spring.AbstractMetricMethodInterceptor.invoke(AbstractMetricMethodInterceptor.java:59) ~[metrics-spring-3.0.4.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:653) ~[spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at lms.web.rest.CourseResource$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$ff854301.saveQuizResults(<generated>) ~[spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:na]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_45]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_45]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_45]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) ~[na:1.8.0_45]
    at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:221) ~[spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:137) ~[spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:110) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:776) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:705) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:959) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966) ~[spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
    ... 81 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.sql.SQLTransientConnectionException: HikariPool-0 - Connection is not available, request timed out after 30000ms.
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.getConnection(HikariPool.java:213) ~[HikariCP-2.4.1.jar:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariPool.getConnection(HikariPool.java:163) ~[HikariCP-2.4.1.jar:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource.getConnection(HikariDataSource.java:85) ~[HikariCP-2.4.1.jar:na]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:139) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSessionImpl$NonContextualJdbcConnectionAccess.obtainConnection(AbstractSessionImpl.java:380) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LogicalConnectionImpl.obtainConnection(LogicalConnectionImpl.java:228) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
    ... 126 common frames omitted
2015-10-06 12:10:12,651 DEBUG [Hikari housekeeper (pool HikariPool-0)] HikariPool: Before cleanup   pool HikariPool-0 stats (total=20, active=19, idle=1, waiting=0)
2015-10-06 12:10:12,652 DEBUG [Hikari housekeeper (pool HikariPool-0)] HikariPool: After cleanup    pool HikariPool-0 stats (total=20, active=19, idle=1, waiting=0)

任何线索都会有所帮助！

【问题讨论】：

  • 对我来说，发生这种情况是因为我忘记连接到我的 Work VPN，这意味着连接被阻止...

标签： hibernate postgresql spring-boot hikaricp


【解决方案1】：

通过将以下属性添加到 application.properties 文件为我解决了问题：

  spring.datasource.hikari.connection-test-query=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
  spring.datasource.hikari.connection-timeout=600000
  spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=500
  spring.datasource.hikari.max-lifetime=1800000
  spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=20
  spring.datasource.hikari.validation-timeout=3000
  spring.datasource.hikari.idle-timeout=60000

【讨论】：

    【解决方案2】：

    AO_ 提到的 VPN 问题很常见，但却被忽视了。

    其中一个可能的原因可能是某人正在从服务器请求资源，而该请求被组织的 VPN 阻止。在这种情况下，可以尝试通过 VPN 连接。我以前也遇到过这种情况。

    在分布式工作文化中，这可能会在多种情况下发生，主要是在 Internet 连接丢失/重置并与 VPN 断开连接时。在这种情况下，唯一的方法是在互联网连接恢复后重新连接到 VPN。

    【讨论】：

      【解决方案3】：

      来自堆栈跟踪：

      HikariPool：超时故障池 HikariPool-0 统计信息（总数=20，活动=20，空闲=0，等待=0） 表示池已达到配置中设置的最大连接数限制。

      下一行： HikariPool-0 - 连接不可用，请求在 30000 毫秒后超时。 意味着池等待 30000 毫秒以获得免费连接，但您的应用程序同时没有返回任何连接。

      多半是连接泄漏（从池中借用后连接没有关闭）， 将leakDetectionThreshold 设置为您期望SQL 查询执行的最大值。

      否则， 您“一次”的最大连接数要求高于 20！

      【讨论】：

      • 感谢回复，我在配置中添加了泄漏检测，让我们看看。我也在 hikari tracker 上发现了一个类似的问题：github.com/brettwooldridge/HikariCP/issues/109
      • 启动时立即使用 3 个连接：(total=13, active=3, idle=10, waiting=0) 2015-10-06 16:20:00,188 WARN [Hikari housekeeper (pool HikariPool-0)] LeakTask: Connection leak detection triggered for connection org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Connection@34e1598c, stack trace follows java.lang.Exception: Apparent connection leak detected at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:139) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar:4.3.6.Final]
      • 泄漏检测阈值已设置并在 15 秒后触发。增加启动应用程序所需时间的阈值和一些？ [INFO] lms.Application - 在 46.102 秒内启动应用程序（JVM 运行 49.097）
      • 我以前设置为100000，应用程序启动36秒结束后得到完全相同的错误。
      • 在 pg_stat_activity 中，这些泄漏连接显示为空闲，查询“SELECT 1”
      【解决方案4】：

      我终于设法修复它。该问题与 HikariCP 无关。 由于 REST 控制器中的一些复杂方法通过 JPA 存储库在 DB 中执行多项更改，因此问题仍然存在。由于某些原因，对这些接口的调用导致越来越多的“冻结”活动连接，耗尽了池。将这些方法注释为@Transactional 或将所有逻辑封装在对事务服务方法的单个调用中似乎可以解决问题。

      【讨论】：

      • 你是怎么找到有问题的方法的？我有同样的问题:( tks
      • 我记得，我只是多次手动调用每个可疑的控制器方法，同时发出大量同时请求（模拟真实用例）检查这是否会触发 Hikari 问题。我可能调试了服务方法以发现 Hibernate 在出现问题时如何处理，但只需在短时间内调用每个方法 N 次并检查这是否耗尽了池。
      • 我的项目也有同样的问题。我们有 JPA，但没有使用任何东西来管理它。每个数据库请求都需要@Transactional 吗？ psql (10.6 (Debian 10.6-1.pgdg90+1))
      • @Chhaiya Harshad @Transactional 可用于包装包含对 DB 的多个调用的业务方法，这些调用应在同一事务中执行。例如。您必须从表 1 中读取一些值，对其进行处理，然后在单个业务方法中将更改写入表 2 和表 3。如果您希望在写入表 3 出错的情况下回滚表 2 中的更改，您应该将整个方法包装在 @Transactional 中以获得可预测的结果。
      • 您能详细解释一下吗？例如，我有类似的情况，包括调用 @Async 方法和多次调用 sybase 数据库：'(
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