Powershell调用计算机到远程我的本地计算机重新启动后幸存下来？

Question

有没有办法“调用命令”到远程计算机，这样我就可以重新启动计算机并且作业仍将运行，并且我可以随时检查输出日志？

    PS> invoke-command -Computer Remote1 -File "ScriptThatRunsFor7days.ps1"
    PS> restart-computer
    PS> # Hey where's my job on remote computer?  Can i see it running and connect to
        # its output after rebooting my computer?

Answer 1

只注册一个在远程计算机上运行脚本的计划任务不是更容易吗？ 对于日志记录，只需使用脚本顶部的 cmdlet Start-Transcript。 不久前我编写了一个脚本，以便在远程计算机上轻松注册计划任务。也许你可以试试看它是否适合你？

[CmdletBinding()]
param(
    [parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string]
    $PSFilePath,

    [parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string]
    $TaskName,

    [parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string]
    $ComputerName
)

$VerbosePreference="Continue"

New-Variable -Name ScriptDestinationFolder -Value "Windows\PowershellScripts" -Option Constant -Scope Script

New-Variable -Name ScriptSourcePath -Value $PSFilePath -Option Constant -Scope Script
Write-Verbose "Script sourcepath: $ScriptSourcePath"

New-Variable -Name PSTaskName -Value $TaskName -Option Constant -Scope Script
Write-Verbose "TaskName: $TaskName"

$File = Split-Path $ScriptSourcePath -leaf
Write-Verbose "Filename: $File"
New-Variable -Name PSFileName -Value $File -Option Constant -Scope Script
Write-Verbose "PSFileName: $PSFileName"

$ExecutionTime = New-TimeSpan -Hours 8
Write-Verbose "Execution time: $ExecutionTime hours"

Invoke-Command -ComputerName $ComputerName -ScriptBlock {
    $VerbosePreference="Continue"        
    #Removing old Scheduled Task 
    Write-Verbose "Unregistering old scheduled task.."
    Stop-ScheduledTask -TaskName $Using:PSTaskName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    Unregister-ScheduledTask -TaskName $Using:PSTaskName -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue


     #Creating destination directory for Powershell script
     $PSFolderPath = "C:" , $Using:ScriptDestinationFolder -join "\"
     Write-Verbose "Creating folder for script file on client: $PSFolderPath"
     New-Item -Path $PSFolderPath -ItemType Directory -Force

     #Scheduled Task definitions
    
     $Trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At "8am" 
     $PSFilePath = "C:", $Using:ScriptDestinationFolder , $Using:PSFileName -join "\"  
     Write-Verbose "Setting path for script file to destination folder on client: $PSFilePath"
     $Action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute PowerShell -Argument "-File $PSFilePath"
     $Principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserID "NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" -LogonType S4U
     $Settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -AllowStartIfOnBatteries -DontStopIfGoingOnBatteries -DontStopOnIdleEnd -ExecutionTimeLimit $Using:ExecutionTime -StartWhenAvailable
     $Task = Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName $Using:PSTaskName -Principal $Principal -Action $Action -Settings $Settings -Trigger $Trigger
     $Task = Get-ScheduledTask -TaskName $Using:PSTaskName   
     $Task.Triggers[0].EndBoundary = [DateTime]::Now.AddDays(90).ToString("yyyyMMdd'T'HH:mm:ssZ") 
     Write-Verbose "Trigger expiration date set to: $Task.Triggers[0].EndBoundary"
     $Task.Settings.DeleteExpiredTaskAfter = 'P1D'
     Write-Verbose "Scheduled task will be deleted after $Task.Settings.DeleteExpiredTaskAfter after expiry."     
     $Task | Set-ScheduledTask -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

 } #End Invoke-Command

#Copy script file from source to the computer
$ScriptDestination = "\" , $ComputerName , "C$",  $ScriptDestinationFolder  -join "\"
Write-Verbose "Script destination is set to: $ScriptDestination"

Write-Verbose "Copying script file: `"$ScriptSourcePath`" to `"$ScriptDestination`""
Copy-Item -Path $ScriptSourcePath -Destination $ScriptDestination -Force

用法：

Create-ScheduledTask-Test.ps1 -ComputerName MyRemoteComputer -PSFilePath "ScriptToRun.ps1" -TaskName DoSomeWork

Answer 2

有预定工作的东西。我正在使用 pssession 将脚本复制到远程计算机。

$s = new-pssession remote1
copy-item script.ps1 c:\users\admin\documents -tosession $s
invoke-command $s { Register-ScheduledJob test script.ps1 -Runnow }

然后，只有当它开始运行时，它才会在远程计算机上自动显示为常规作业：

invoke-command remote1 { get-job | receive-job -keep }

Answer 3

vonPryz 提供了关键指针：

在 Windows 上，PowerShell 提供断开的远程会话，允许您稍后从任何客户端会话重新连接并收集输出，即使在注销或重新启动 - 假设远程计算机上断开的会话没有超时。

请参阅概念性 about_Remote_Disconnected_Sessions 帮助主题。

以下示例脚本演示了该方法：

• 将其保存到*.ps1 文件并调整$computerName 和$sessionName 变量值。

• 脚本假定当前用户身份可以按原样使用远程进入目标计算机；如果不是这种情况，请将-Credential 参数添加到Invoke-Command 和Get-PSSession 调用。

• 调用脚本，并在出现提示时选择何时连接到已创建的断开连接的远程会话 - 包括在注销/重新启动后，在这种情况下，脚本会自动重新调用以连接到断开连接的会话并检索其输出。

• 请参阅源代码 cmets 了解详细信息，尤其是关于空闲超时的信息。

• 下面未的一个方面是输出缓冲：断开连接的会话长时间运行而没有检索到其输出，可能会积累大量输出。默认情况下，如果输出缓冲区已满，则暂停执行。 OutputBufferingMode 会话选项控制行为 - 请参阅 New-PSSessionOption cmdlet。

解决方案的要点是：

• Invoke-Command 调用与-InDisconnectedSession 开关 启动远程计算机上的操作在即时断开会话。也就是说，调用会在操作开始后立即返回但不会从操作返回任何结果（它会返回有关已断开会话的信息）。

• 稍后的 Receive-PSSession 调用（可能在重新启动后发生）隐式连接到断开的会话并检索操作结果。

$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'

# ADAPT THESE VALUES AS NEEDED
$computer = '???'            # The remote target computer's name.
$sessionName = 'ReconnectMe' # A session name of your choice.

# See if the target session already exists.
$havePreviousSession = Get-PSSession -ComputerName $computer -Name $sessionName

if (-not $havePreviousSession) {

  # Create a disconnected session with a distinct custom name 
  # with a command that runs an output loop indefinitely.
  # The command returns instantly and outputs a session-information object 
  # for the disconnected session.
  # Note that [int]::MaxValue is used to get the maximum idle timeout, 
  # but the effective value is capped by the value of the remote machine's 
  # MaxIdleTimeoutMs WSMan configuration item, which defaults to 12 hours.
  Write-Verbose -vb "Creating a disconnected session named $sessionName on computer $computer..."
  $disconnectedSession = 
    Invoke-Command -ComputerName $computer -SessionName $sessionName -InDisconnectedSession -SessionOption @{ IdleTimeout=[int]::MaxValue } { while ($true) { Write-Host -NoNewLine .; Start-Sleep 1 } }

  # Prompt the user for when to connect and retrieve the output 
  # from the disconnected session.
  do {
    $response = Read-Host @"
---

Disconnected session $sessionName created on computer $computer.

You can connect to it and retrieve its output from any session on this machine,
even after a reboot.

* If you choose to log off or reboot now, this script re-runs automatically 
  when you log back in, in order to connect to the remote session and collect its output.

* To see open sessions on the target computer on demand, run the following
  (append | Remove-PSSession to remove them):

   Get-PSSession -ComputerName $computer

---

Do you want to (L)og off, (R)eboot, (C)onnect right now, or (Q)uit (submit with ENTER)? [l/r/c/q] 
"@
  } while (($response = $response.Trim()) -notin 'l', 'r', 'c', 'q')


  $autoRelaunchCmd = { 
   Set-ItemProperty registry::HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce 'ReconnectDemo' "$((Get-Command powershell.exe).Path) -noexit -command `"Set-Location '$PWD'; . '$PSCommandPath'`"" 
  }

  switch ($response) {
    'q' { Write-Verbose -vb 'Aborted.'; exit 2 }
    'c' { break } # resume below
    'l' { 
       Write-Verbose -vb "Logging off..."
       & $autoRelaunchCmd
       logoff.exe
       exit
    }
    'r' {
       Write-Verbose -vb "Rebooting..."
       & $autoRelaunchCmd
       Restart-Computer
       exit
     } 
  }

}

# Getting here means that a remote disconnection session was previously created.
# Reconnect and retrieve its output.

# Implicitly reconnect to the session by name,
# and receive a job object representing the remotely running command.
# Note: Despite what the docs say, -OutTarget Job seems to be the default.
#       Use -Output Host to directly output the results of the running command.
Write-Verbose -vb "Connecting to previously created session $sessionName on computer $computer and receiving its output..."
$job = Receive-PSSession -ComputerName $computer -Name $sessionName -OutTarget Job

# Get the output from the job, timing out after a few seconds.
$job | Wait-Job -Timeout 3
$job | Remove-Job -Force # Forcefully terminate the job with the indefinitely running command.

# Remove the session.
Write-Host
Write-Verbose -Verbose "Removing remote session..."
Get-PSSession -ComputerName $computer -Name $sessionName | Remove-PSSession

Answer 4

function remote_nohup {
    param(
        [string]$Machine,
        [string]$Cmd
    )       
    
        $job_tstamp     = $(get-date -f MMdd_HHmm_ss)
        $job_name       = "${job_tstamp}"
        $job_dir_start  = (Get-Location).Path
        $job_dir_sched  = "$env:userprofile/Documents/jobs"
        $job_file       = "${job_dir_sched}/${job_name}.run.ps1"
        $job_log        = "${job_dir_sched}/${job_name}.log"
        $job_computer   = $Machine
        $job_cmd        = $Cmd

        # Create Job File
        $job_ps1 = @(
            "`$ErrorActionPreference  = `"Stop`""
            ""
            "Start-Transcript -path $job_log -append"
            ""
            "try {"
            "    write-host 'job_begin:($job_name)'"
            "    "
            "    set-location $job_dir_start -EA 0"
            "    "
            "    write-host 'job_cmd:($job_cmd)'"
            "    $job_cmd | out-host"
            ""
            "    write-host 'job_end:($job_name)'"
            "}"
            "catch {"
            "    `$msg = `$_"
            "    write-host  `$msg"
            "    write-error `$msg"
            "}"
            "finally {"
            "    Stop-Transcript"
            "}"
            ""
            "Exit-PSSession"
        )
        
        try {
            New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -EA:0 -Path $job_dir_sched | out-null
            copy-Item $remote_profile_ps1 $job_profile 
            
            write-host "Creating File: $job_file"
            $f1 = open_w $job_file -fatal
            foreach ($line in $job_ps1) {
                $f1.WriteLine($line)
            }           
        }
        finally {
            $f1.close()
        }   

        # Create Jobs Dir
        write-host "Creating remote job Directory"
        Invoke-Command -Computer $job_computer -ScriptBlock { 
            New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -EA:0 -Path $using:job_dir_sched | out-null
        }
        
        # Copy Job File
        write-host "copy-Item -recurse -ToSession `$s2  $job_file $job_file"
        $s2 = New-PSSession -Computer $job_computer
        copy-Item -ToSession $s2  $job_file $job_file    
        Receive-PSSession -Session $s2
        Remove-PSSession -Session $s2

        # Create Persistent Background Job
        write-host "Submitting job to remote scheduler"
        Invoke-Command -Computer $job_computer -ScriptBlock {
            Register-ScheduledJob -RunNow -Name $using:job_name -File $using:job_file
            Exit-PSSession          
        }

        # NOTE: Log file from run is placed on 
        #    remote computer under jobs dir     
}

function open_w {
    param([string]$path, [switch]$fatal)

    try {
        write-host "path: $path"  
        $pathfix = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.Path.GetUnresolvedProviderPathFromPSPath($path)
        $handle = [System.IO.StreamWriter]::new($pathfix, $false) #false:over-write, true:append
    }
    catch {
        if ($fatal) {
            write-host -ForegroundColor Red "EXCEPTION: " + $PSItem.ToString()      
            exit 1
        }
        return $null
    }
    return $handle
}